Show V L e THE LARGEST FARM IN ENGLAND mr burritt barritt in his new took describes the faim farm of 0 mr samuel samael jonas donaa the uie largest in england riland rlland most minutely ile he says grit gilt it jg Is doubtful it acres oe of land lying in one solid block could de lie found in ena eng england land better adapted for testing and rewarding the most scientific and expressive i of agriculture than this great occupation of mr air jonas certainly certainty Cert alny no equal space could present pye bent sent a less quantity of waste lan ian 4 or occupy less in heddes and fences and it 1 equall equally certain that nor nar estate of equal size I 1 ia more highly highly cult cultivated abed or yields a greater amount of production per acre its occupant also is what may maybe be called an hered heredia hereditary itry ty farmer his father and his remote ancestors were farmers and he as in the case or the late mr webb has attained to bia present position as an agriculturist 1 farming ing ai mr jonas cultivates his land on the four course courso system 12 this s very term jn in atell the degree to R aliah hab has been reduced to a precise and rigid ecie ecle rice ikee it means here that the khoe bhole arable rable a extent of his bia estate is divided equally b twin four great crop 4 or wheat acgee acree acres barley a ai d oats seeds and pulse and roots roose now an american farmer in order to form an approximate idea of the amount of labor given to the growth of these corps corpa rous mus remember that all these greyt greit reit fields of wheat bearis oats barier barter turnips beans and peas roa roi ta ining in all over 2000 acres are hod ho d by hand once or twice his cereals are all ail drilled in at 7 inches apart turnips at 17 the laxter la ater are borse horse hoed hoeq three or four times and as they are drilled on the flat or without ridging the surface of the ground they are crossed with a horse borse abde with eight V shaped blades this operation leaves the young plants in bunches which are singled out by a troop of children one hand hoeing and two or three more horse horbe hoenings boeings finish the labor given to heir cultivation it ia is remarkable what mechanical skill is brought to bear upon these operations in the first place the plow cuts a furrow aa as straight and ind even as if it were turned by machinery A kind of esprit de corps animates the plowmen to a vigorous vi grotis ambition ambUlo nin lu the tha wok wo k they are trained to it with as much ain aln gleness singleness ot purpose as the smiths of Sae sheffield ffield are to the tors tots I 1 bing ling ing of penknife blades on a large estate like that occupied by mr air jonas they c astl tute an order v not of odd fellows but of straight Furrow men and are jealous of the distinction when the ground is well pre aired and made as soft sm edioth yoth loth and even am aa a garden the drilling process is performed with i a jad jud judgment 9 ment of the eye and skill of hand more marvelous marve lous ious still the straight ess of the lines of verdure cheb in a few weeks mark the i tracks of the seed see A bubea tubes I 1 Is a surprising they are drawn draws and graded with such precision I 1 that when the plants are at a certain bight a horse hoe with eight beads bl ads each wide I 1 e enough n ou h to cut the whole interi intervening ening space beaw between lel rel en two rows is passed hoeing four or five drills at once of course if the alnes ines of the drill and hoe did not exactly correspond with each other whole rows of turnips would be cut up and destroyed dest royed rosea I 1 saw this process going on in a turnip field and thought it the operation connected with agriculture cull null ture that I 1 had bad ever witnessed A fact or two may serve an american farmer as a tangible measure chereb whereby y to estimate the extent cf the operations thus conducted by one man to come up to the aan ban dard of scientific and aud successful ful fui agriculture in en j land and it is deemed re requisite that a tenant tenant i farmer on renting an occupation should have capital sufficient to invest ten pounds or fifty dollars collars per acre in stocking it with cattle sheep horses farming implements fertilizers etc mr jonas beyond a doubt invests capital after this ratio upon the estate be he tills if it so then the total amount appropriated to the land which he be rents renti cannot be less than or nearly dollars the Anven inventory tory of his hit live stock taken at last resulted in these figures sheep horses es ezi bui bul locka 2118 pleas piga makenz making a grand total of every animal bledan the estate is fatted tatted but by no means with the grain and roots grown uton upon it the outlay for and corn purchased c for feeding ff amounts to about per annum another heavy expenditure expend itura is about 1700 1700 yearly for artificial fertilize liz rs irs con consisting slating of guano and blood manure mr jonas tonas is one of the directors of the company formed for the manufacture cf of the latter the whole income of the establishment is realized from two sources meat and grain and this ia the distinguishing characteristic of t engligh firming timing generally not a pound of hay straw or roots is sald said 03 off the estate indeed this is usually prohibited by ille the conditions of the contract with the landlord sa S completely has mr jonas adhered to thia this rule ruis that he could conid not give me the market price oi of hay bay straw or turnips per toe ton aa aei he had 1 ad never bold sold any and was not in the habit of noticing the market quotation quotations sot of these products I 1 was surprised at one fact which I 1 learned in connection wi w it hia his economy ile he keeps about bullocks bulloc kc buying in october and belling selling la in may way koly roly now it would occasion an merican american farmer some wonderment to be told that this great heard beard of cattle is fed and batted fatted almost entirely forthe fur the manure they make it is doubtful it if the difference between the coat cost and selling price averages xa 2 or ten tea loi collars tol lars per bead head for lna ira instance tance tanco the bullocks bought in will average 12 or 14 A ton torl of bruised cake and some tome meal ineal are given to each beast before it is sent to market costing from nio XIO 10 to 12 12 when sold the bullocks average 24 24 or 25 23 25 thu thus the be cake and ard the meal equal the whole difference between tie tle buying and selling price so that all the roots chaff and i attendance go entirely to the account of manure these three items together with the value of pasturage for the months the c ittle may lie in the fields from froin october to may exclusive could hardy bardy bardy amount to less I 1 than that xa per beast bich which tor lor would be then 1700 arc paid annually for guano and artificial artiee lal lai manures now add the vaine value of the wheat oat and barley straw grown on 1500 acres and mostly thrown into the barn yarb yaris or used as bedding for the sti bles bies and you have one great division ot 0 the fertilizing department of christall Chr ishall grange granger the amount of trese three items cannot be less than xa 3 then ther there is another source sorco sorce of fertil ration nearly as productive an I 1 aiu valuable alu abie able upwards of sheep are kept on the estate of which 1200 are breedin ewes eles these are folded acre by bv acre on turnips cole or trefoil and those fattened for tim fbi atif tri iii arket arket are fed with oil cake in the field held th the ol 01 eyt R ept eyu t gula iovia not aalt have left the be earth barer of verdure than these sheep do the successive pa ches of roots in which they are penned for twenty four or forty eight hours nor could any other process fertilize the land more thoroughly and cheaply then 76 horses and fattening bogs hogs add their contingent 7 to the expenditure and production of the isamena thus the fertilizing material applied to the estate cannot amount to less lesi than or dollars per annum sheep are the most fachie faerie and fertile source of nett income on the estate indeed nearly all the profit on the production of meat is realized from tham most of those I 1 saw were southdowns South downs and Hampe hires bires pure or crossed with here and there a Lelce leicester ater after belic bei bel it well fattened they fetch in the market a rout double the price paid for them ae a stock sheep steep about 2000 thus fattened including lambs are sold yearly wey vey tb ey probably average about xa 2 or ten dollars per head bead thus amounting to the nice little sum bum of a year aa as one of the sources of income |