Show along A long island prize frize farm in 1851 and 1852 says the genesee farmer the american agricultural institute awarded to E el H kimball esq of flatlands kings county long island the first premium for the best cultivated farm of one hundred acres this farm is situated about eight elles tiles miles from the city citi af ofner new york on th the shore of jamaica bay which affords a very convenient water communication with the city the th farmer gives the follo following iVing iding description of wis this rioted farm THE SOIL la Is an exceedingly fine friable loam with a thin layer of clay lying on a gravelly subsoil which amm aff lords affords excellent drainage there is not stone astone a on the farm from its peculiar sea weed and drift can be had in great quantities and they are placed in the cattle yards where they are converted into excellent manure A considerable quantity of manure is also brought from new york this is made into a compost with the manure of the farm ached ashes bone dust etc the heap being covered with sea weed and drift which absorb tha the ammonia the tha heap is turned once or twice till it is thoroughly rotted and so fine that it it can be spread w with ith a shovel without adhering 0 to it i THE MANURE Is applied applied wholly to spring crops and mr K is u undoubtedly right in decomposing 0 it as much as possible as in such condition it it acts with great reat rapidity and pushes the plants forward 5 during arin the early stages of their grow growth tb he a attributes utes much of his hia success to this method of composting com posting manures but it must not be forgotten aten that the soil is naturally rich and also mat mai fim agures anan ures are used with great liberality 1 I 1 THE PRINCIPAL CROP raised ralsa on op the farm is potatoes the main ob jecelin jec ein eln to get them early while they command man ahugh price they are planted in rows threece th reefe et apart and from ten to twelve inches in tile the rows the land is first plowed and harrowed till in fine drills are then ope opened nied fied and a sprinkling of peruvian guano saydo as 3 per acre sc scattered attired in the drills the thoroughly rotted composted comported com posted manure previously vio 1 asly alluded to is then spread in the rows and the seed planted on the manure and covered before the potato potatoes 03 make their appearance the land is harrowed for the purpose of breaking the crust and killing the weeds the cultivator mid and plow are frequently used and at the time of our visit bothin nothing 1 could exceed the cleanliness and mellownee mellowness of the ground and the luxuriousness of the crop the varieties mainly planted are the early june jube and blue mercer the former are dug dyg and sent to market before they are fully ripe and are sold at a very high price AFTER CROPS as the early potatoes are dug the land is planted with cabbage celery spinach or ru rutabagas ta bagai celery is very profitable and the necessary deep tillage and heavy janurin ma render the soil exceedingly fertile for subsequent crops mr K had four acres of celery last season and intends to plant ten acres the present year HOT nor BEDS mr kimball has two rows of hot bot beds each row rowa about two hundred feet long and nine feet wide covered with sash from thesa these beds he has sold this spring over worth of lettuce and the beds atthe time of our visit were occupied iki with ath cucumbers worth having been a leady fready lealy sold WHEAT A few acres only are sown with wheat but such auch wheat we have not seen elsewhere the present year it ia is the mediterranean mr K X f formerly orme ry SO bowed wed the bergen wheat a variety originating I 1 in th the e neighborhood it appears that mr bergen discovered a single head of this variety growing in a field of wheat ile he kept it separate and soon raised enough to f furnish seed for himself and neighbors it was known as the white baigen and has frequently taken prizes at the fairs of the american institute unfortunately during the excitement in regard to the australian wheat a few years ago the bargen argen was abandoned and none calf can be found it was an early and way excellent variety and far superior to the australian Australi which in fact is now little cultivated in this connection the farmer takes the opportunity of sum sug suggesting 0 11 estina that in conjunction with under draining judicious and good cultivation an early and productive variety of wheat of good quality would do much toward enabling farmers at the east to bid defiance to that terrible pest the wheat midge and the history of the bergen wheat should stimulate us to greater activity and hopefulness in Our endeavors to discover such a variety briety MEADOWS the crops of timothy and clover on this farm were very fine the land is seeded down with wheat the timothy being sown in the fall and the clover in in the spring ring when the land is once stocked it is a allowed to rema remain inin in meadow as long iong as it will produce without top dressin dressing I 1 two wo tons of clean timothy hay per acre ahil which it will generally do for five or six years when plowed it is planted with corn followed by pota potatoes toes with a second crop of cabbage or turnips the next year it is also planted with potatoes and is then sown with wheat and seeded down each crop is well except the turnips STOCK va 1 the stock on the farm is soiled iii in the yards during the summer a practice which affords a large quantity of excellent manure and enables the farmer to dispense in a good degree with fences of course it does not follow because soi sol soiling lingis is profitable ona on a farm contiguous to a large city where labor is chea cheap mr K pays his men from 5 to 10 per mont month and board and produce high that it would fiby faby pay a where land and produce are cheap and tabor labor or dear SUGAR BEETS CARROTS PARSNIPS and other roots are extensively grown as food for stock they are all sown in drills after subsoil are heavily in the arlis drils great care being taken to have the manure thoroughly tc lily rotted and intimately incorporated with the soil THE PROFITS of this farm are fully fifty dollars per acre and mr K says he be shall not be satisfied till his hundred acres net him per annum BEAUTY OF THE GROUNDS but the excellent s system of cultis cultivation a tion ilon so successfully and profitably adopted on this beautiful farm is not its only feature of interest we have seldom seen even in in england a more charming country country residence As you approach the place an american merican arbor vitas hedge and an avenue of Al ailanthus lanthus trees indicate more than ordinary taste he enters the admirably laid out and well kept ground b between e two noble specimens of that hando handsomest et of hardy evergreens ever greens the norway spruce each step along the finely graveled beauty ca carriage arl e way reveals some new llew view of the beautiful ul lawn in front of a large and homelike country house surrounded on three sides with a piazza the pil pillars lars of which are encircled with sweet scented honeysuckles honey suckles FLOWERS SHRUBBERY AND TREES let us stop and look at these fine Paulow nias shedding their large blue flowers in rich profusion on the close mown grass here is the delicate persian lilac and there the rough but handsome pyrus japonica to the ri night right dilwith atis is the trunk of a dead maple tree bovere covered with graceful vines and in that clump of evergreens ever greens nestles a cozy arbor how pleasing to the eye e are these american and chinese arbor how handsome those austrian and weymouth pines delicious is the fragrance shed hd e by these european lindens lindena on the ocean air how handsome and graceful are these pendulous end ulous american elms eims how beautiful those Uc sycamores gyc amores laburnums and magnolias Magnoli asi what fine beds of 0 geraniums fuchsias fuchsius Fuch sias and verben as who would reside in the city even in a city mansion when he could retire to such a scene as this the germantown telegraph in an article on thorough systematic farming alluding to the farm of mr ellwood tyson in abington e eight I 1 or ten miles north of germantown says everywhere we found the hand of the th orough farmer the cleanliness of the land the nnie condition of the fences the extent arrangement ran gement and tidiness of the barns out buildings and yards the gentility and comfort of the mansion and the taste exhibited in the grounds connected therewith the choice selection of trees plants etc all ail evinced the industrious dust rious painstaking intelligent 0 successful farmer much has been done by the people of utah during the few years since their f girst first settlement here towards establishing comfortable homes and tastefully arranged grounds especially in this city the mansions and gardens of his excellency ex governor young have been justly admired by all travelers who have visited this mountainous region those of pres H C kimball are also worthy of note as also the premises of many other enterprising citizens our far farmers mers meTs however have not as yet so generally as might be directed their attention to this matter namely the systematic culture of their lands and the adornment of the grounds around their residences what say you farmers who is there among among 0 you ou that cannot this fall now before winter sets in haul baul out and sp spread readout but some of your dour besu best manur manure d over what is now appropriated ai as door yardy or a co common m mon ran ian rangy ge for batile cattle cattie hoo hog hogs S dogs hog s pigs chic 1 ens and ana chil chii hildren d ren now if you can moisten your land sufficient to plow turn the manure coating 0 under there to tb lie and mix with the soil during the winter in the spring the manure having considerably decomposed plow the same ground again za deeper than before if possible then harrow thoroughly 0 immediately after plowing the above is in our opinion the best plan for a farmer to adopt to prepare the ensuing ensuing 0 year for cultivating a garden and tomake a start towards improving Z his mode of culture and makin making 0 his homestead more habitable and inviting if however it should be thought in any loda ioda locality lity too much labor to irrigate the small patch of land required for a domestic garden as a requisite for fall plowing or if any of our good farmers are so overhead over head andears and ears in other speculations that this would be out of the question then let your manure remain in a sheltered place till spring and as soon as the ground is in a condition to work go to and do as we have indicated or if you prefer try some other practice but at all events we urge upon you the necessity of having in 0 a farmhouse farm house garden and beautifying 0 the grounds around your cottages humble thou though bh they be with trees and shrubs and flowers and walks and rural bowers for the consideration of those who think well of our su suggestions 0 gest ions and who set about practicing upon them it will be proper to add that after your ground has been plowed determine the lines of all the walks required for convenient access to the woodyard wood yard the stables barnyard barn yard pigpens and all other out houses giving suitable width to those walks say from three to five feet and thus avoid treading all over the plowed ground which would make it hard and impenetrable to the melting snows of winter and the genial rains of fall handspring and spring it may also be well to say here though this subject will be treated more at len ien length th at the proper time that the subdivision of the garden into small beds practiced by some is wholly superfluous and indeed a detriment in irrl irria irrigating a ting this is a remnant of the practice in those countries where irrigation ig is not known and is quite inapplicable here why should not the farmer farmery have his fenced yards and b garden his orchard and his rows rows and groves and ornamental trees as well agthe denizen of the city if one possesses greater faculties for making 0 such improvements prove ments it seems to us that the preponderance is decidedly in favor of the farmer who by his own labor and appliances can iccomb accomplish that for which the citizen of the metropolis must pay out large amounts to acme come coma at once to the point we may state without giving any of fence that farmers have gave not failed to make the improvements we allude to because they were too expensive but simply because in the first place they have not summoned their attention in that direction and consequently have not put forth the little extra exertion required for their accomplishment we wish now to direct the attention of all our enterprising farmers to this matter assuring in them that if they once commence the desired improvements the result will be highly advantageous to themselves spiritually and temporally and the example thus set will be a source of more or less benefit to their indifferent neighbors qs if they should have any who possibly may derive derive some come valuable lessons in domestic economy how to succeed in business and how to prepare for a more elevated sphere of existence we do not wish it to be understood that in thus pertinently calling the attention of 0 farmers particularly to the subject of improvement in their outdoor out door as well as indoor in door appointments th that at the they y are the only class to whom reform should be intimated A As we have already stated we are persuaded that far farmers mersin in general are better prepared for making t substantial improvements especially in whatever pertains to soil culture kitchen and landscape gardening 0 than any others they have efte extended grounds ds they have or may have by a little care manures in irk any quantity desired and they have all the necessary implements if it is al ledged by way of excuse by any farmer in utah that he is not in possession of the information desirable to ensure success in this great and important work of improvement we reply use the tact and perseverance the reflective faculties with which you are naturally endowed and experience will soon afford you a fund of information that thai will increase perpetually moreover that valuable aid maytie may be derived by the farmer from the columns of a well weli con on duc due ducted ted agricultural nong nond dattil os ire vre we ive would that in every family such a journal would the farmers of utan utah support one in this territory so soon althey are ready to do so we doubt not such an enter enterprise pris e will be started however we may say in concluding for the present that all of the comfortable e houses and tastefully laid off grounds and gardens are not found in the city neither are all the nem new neglected 0 desolate looking tr habitations and poorly cultivated unimproved lands found in the dhe I 1 country |