Show for for the deseret new nero A treatise on the present state of hor sor tic alture in utah BY E SAYERS 11 ORTI CULT URIST NO 4 Y AND fruitfulness OF F THE GRAPE VINE the great vine of hampton llam Ilam plon court the celebrated black hamburg grape vine at the royal garden gardens hampton court england is perhaps our of the finest specimens of the tire longevity and fruitfulness fruitful ness nesa of the grape grapa now dow in existence ence this old favorite if now alive of which there is little doubt ia 13 at this time nearly years old and has produced from sixteen hundred to eighteen elteen hundred pounds of table grapes of the first firs quality annually for the dessert for more than half a century in 1824 while an apprentice at these gardena gardens the management rit of the vine was placed under my care and while thinning the grapes mr the head gardener who had been on the tiace upwards of fifty years gava mn mit the follo following wing account of the vin which I 1 relate as near as in my yie yle memory will serve he said sald the firral vin tad lad ad always been remarkably healthy and ard very productive and that it had always been treated in one regular manner mannen of culture it was he said a great fa favo tavo vorie rile with george IH lii who frequently visited the gardens when it was in full bearing beating before cutting the gra gras grants a for table the vine was then hen sixty years old and is origin was from hamburg four ruf rut lings of the same grape were sent to liis his dia Blo majesty jesty trem frem hamburg chieh were distributed among the d efferent garden but he be thought this was the only one which was propagated and was the plant mant of most moat of the old blick hamburg grapevines grape vines then in cultivation in england AD P informed me that this vire vine when youn was planted in the very place where it now grow grows this was then a small glass pine apple pit used for the life propagation of pine pineapple apple appie plants after being planted the vine grew remarkably fast ra st so that in a few years the pit had to be enlarged into a large vinery house to accorn accomma date its fatute growth this house it also soon covered til with ili its luxuriant branches and finally tle the present house was built to accommodate its vigorous growth which was soon scon covered with fine healthy bran branches cies cles the vine house to the best of my recollection is is seventy five feet in le length D ath and twenty five feet wide w ide in the I 1 he clear with wit 11 a glass gla gia es front renting resting on a brick wall at the ba back k atan angle of about forty five degrees elevation the tha house fronts to the east and the north end Is close to the aelic on tiie the border of the river thames the vine is planted ai at the north west corner of the horise house clase to 0 o the he back wall the main roots have found their way under this thia wall in quest of nutriment cause of its BI iii ammoth growth mr P further said that it had been a question among among 7 gardeners undecided for many 5 ears as to the cause of this thib vine growing crowine to in so large a size and ard continuing to produce such fine crop crops of fruit particularly a no ion lan of the soil had been made in planting the vine nor ance bince since consee antly its growth seemed to be spontaneous many diany persons supposed its roots had traversed tinder under the wall and found then thel 1 the he side of the thames and were fed by that bat t means others sego sted they were fed from the wash from the different parts of the he palace the however was in time solved dent an old draa drain or sewer from the palace which had bad been choked for several afar was aas directed by the he master of the works to be opened and in doi dol doing n g thi the life workmen discovered a large root leading ea d i ng up he the drain anich on being examined proved 0 to o be one of the main maln roots from the old vine consequently the drain was filled 11 tip up again and the he I 1 roots were allowed to traverse the length of the drain to feed on the nutrition substances there going into a gradual state of decomposition regular pruning of the vine great care had been heen taken th athe vine should be pruned and cultivated in a regular manner and the spur ilog system of pruning was always adopted its it annual yield the produce had been for many years about two thousand bunches annually averaging fron from sixteen to ei ghen hundred pounds of grapes one year it produced twenty thousand pound pounds but this was considered to be too great a crop and since that year the he bunches were alway always reduced to about two thousand averaging from sixteen to lo eighteen pounds of grapes it its culture this vine is ix trained under a root of glass the branches tied to iree mires wires free rafters for its support aa As before bated ta ted the spurring system of pruning has invariably imari ably been adopted and the vi vine is arund about the month of december the method is simply to thin out the small amail weakly branches and 0 to o prune prine off all the young wood of the last years growth to within one or two eyes or buds birds from the old wood leaving the young wood at different places on the leading branch five or six buds long to keep a supply of healthy wood from one year r to another nn other after the old lark is JI cf eind leia ned off from the wood arid and tle the tine line is washed all over with a decoction made of tobacco soap and sulphur well mixed together tying in the vine ving after being washed the vine Is tied to the wires in a neat and regular manner with striates of bass matting mat ling so that the small branches are placed a position that each part of the v ame ne receives its duo due portion of sum sun aun sam air etc when nhen growing general the house Js closed for por forcing about the middle of march when whon mail small fires fines are mada made in the flues to keep up a temperature of a night of about forty to forty five degrees of heat beat and from fifty fire five to sixty bire file of a day sun sua heat beat in the 9 morning an hour or two after sunrise the vina vine is syringed over with wilh clean water and he the floor of the house which Is paved with flag stone ii 11 washed clean in norderto order to keep keep a internal air thia management is continued until the young buds become about two inches lorg when the vine has to be finger finder pruned finger fin er pruning Is done by going over the vine and taking off all the youn shoots on buds but one to each spur which is left eft for producing the bunches of 0 f grapes arld aud which are stopped or nipped oft off when the young bunches appear stopping the young wood the young hoots shoots are grown all over the ine lne from a foot fool to eighteen inches long and show the bunches of grapes they ther aie are stopped by nipping dipping off the young 11 branch or shoot one beyeor bud above the bunch of grapes if two or three bunches appear on a shoot they are generally zeng zeni rally reduced t to a one which is considered sufficient for each you ng rig hoot shoo I 1 tying in the young Young wood Is simply to tie in the young branches in a neat regular re 9 ular manner so that tat eat h has haa its due share of sun bun air etc management ol 01 the vine in flower when the bunches are in flower the syringing ing log the he house is to 0 o be a suspended us m moisture oi sture being always ir jurious to the free setting of young gr grabies aries anies the heat beat of the he house is also increased to fifty five and sixty degrees degreen of ofa a night and from sixty to seventy gie gge fie or eld ele eighty lity sun heat beat of a day grape vines when in flower always require a dry air ain ir and good uniform heat to set the young fruit fiegly yues Ites returning the syringe when the ha young fruit is well set in the bunches all over the vine the he syringing is then again ae ain aln to jle fie resu resumed nied died and the heat beat kept as before tha the next business busi busl deasis is thinning the grape grapes when the grapes are the size gize of small peas ha ilia bunches lunches arp arc thinned with a pair of long handled scissors each bunch is gone over regularly cutting out a portion of small grapes and thinning the bunch in such a manner that the berries or fruit have room to swell into fine large saed and handsome well formed bunches general management and rIpening the fruit after thinning the grapes the house is managed as before with the diss diff frence renca Tenca that hat on warm days the vine I 1 is syringed about two hours before sundown of an evening care always being beino taken hat that the internal heat beat is sufficient ent to dry up ilia iha moisture before berone night if allowed to be kept moist all night it ii is injurious to the vine vine and often brings on that pest to the grape vine called the mildew the th culture during the time lime of growing Is simply to keep the branches always tied up in a neat manner off all useless branches and the young wood from the iha points of the bearing wood leaving nothing but the young wood where it was first stopped on the he bearing shoot arld and any young wood where it is necessary to fill up tip any vacant t parts of the vine ripening Ripen inz the fruit when the fruit begins to change its color the tho is entirely suspended and a dry 16 internal fernal heat beat is kept up wilh plenty of air air on warm sunny days in order to give the fruit a good flavors to be continued clean is in every respect the most profitable A report lately published says that the quantity of cream obtained from the last cup from most cows exceeds that ahat of tha the first in the proportion of twelve to one besides the loss of that part of the cream coming from what Is s generally termed which adds richness color and flavor to bu butter ater it isa is a well yell attested fact that when not lot milked clean even the best beat cows are apt opt to gradually diminish in the quantity they give pota rota potatoes toes are raised with great success by covering the ground with straw about six inches deep G G shipman shirman Ship shir nian of pike county ill lil writes to the genesee farmer that he has growa potatoes in this manner for six successive teare tears and th that athIs hb least crop was tw hundred and seventy bushels and his greatest six hundred and forty bushels per acre we think this mode might be as successfully adopted herb ilert apple appis inges trees should be pruned sas says a correspondent in in the genesee fanner iu in july for then the wound is soon healed and suckers or new f hoots shoots are less liable to put forth where a limb ii Is cut off be careful ct reful however and not prune when there js no need of lr it A premium of five hundred dollars bag baa been offered by the massachusetts society for promo ting ing agriculture for he the best conducted con cor ducted farm in iti the state taking laking flaking faking into consideration the man mae of cultivation cul cui farm buildings brendla breeding tion lloa and 23 gement of stock |