| Show esrom irom arom efrom the illinois farmer fanneal Fan nerl neri ctorn COORN GROWING IN with the present and prospective price of corn we are under the necessity of considering whether we can continue to grow this stapie staple staple stapie to be shipped in its raw raiv state or to state the semore casemore ea plain can we afford to ship corn as at present or must we be confined to the amount that wo we can put into beef and pork or use otherwise on the farm during the T year ear 1860 there was received at chicago alone fifteen and a half millions of bushels of corn and since the first of november of the new crog crop nearly nine millions of bushels and arld this is but ut a small part of pi what has gone into missouri kansas south by themay the way of cairo and east by the vari varl various olis jail jall railroads road it will therefore be seen that an aggregate of ever twenty millions of bu the crop of has gone forward producing to the farmer an average price f say twenty cents a bushel at tha the athe depot in the car or an ail amount in round numbers of four millions coil liona of dollars it is arue this price on the average hab has not moie than paid the cost of production and now with the average price reduced one half we may well feel staggered red rad at the prospect most people charge this condition of things on the present hostile state of the country but we ludge judge this has less to do with it than many suppose we think there is a more serious difficulty in the way and one that will remain after the country la is again at peace it Is ia now evident that the south was preparing in for this condition ot of things when they i purchased so heavily last winter and now the ol 01 corn Is so abundant at memphis and t new orleans that sixteen cents would woud be all that could be paid or it here to make it nett the present rates south the railroad rates hav hava s it is rue eit enhanced ha price to the atlantic seaboard towns but otiler otherwise wise the arice price of corn is not high at ac the south under iless fleas present resent regent c corn will not pay at less than twenty cents the net cost of its production it is therefore evident that at that M price erice ce it will cease to be a favorite crop for shipment ament on the four million dollars re melved for corn to the demise of stump tail tall there thare must have been a loss of at least a million of dollars while at the present rates on that to go forward there must be a loss of over two millions more the two sums will doubtless sink all the profit to the farmer on beef anol ancl pork park made from the last corn crop pit 0 the whole the immense crop arop of corn for th tha the year 1860 will no more than pay the expense of its p cion clon ion lon and harvesting so far as the farmer is concer conceded conc emed ened aed the railroads rait roads roada have been extensively bene fitted as well as the commission men while the corn merca mereA merchant ant and banker have suffered loss 1093 many luany of our county banks have gone lons under inder loaded down with c corn rn or the notes ef corn dealers soane of this a loss direct between the price paid and hat that at which it was sold and a part pare by I 1 withholding the funds by southern correspond dents another evil that the corn trade be gat was the purchase pur hase of stocks to extend the lb banking inking facilities under the specious plea that more money was needed to move the crop this then is the true position of the rop crop of 1860 to sum up an immense iman iran ense crop barely paying aying abing its cost to the producer now F y this a the c casal so adjer niler uch such favorable circumstance eum cum comstance stance to which wa sya should have added that the turk pork market wab was wis by g e that thesus the sup bup plies at the south were exhausted requiring a large extra amount to supply them ald aid and I 1 in a great part was obtained before the I 1 I 1 Hocka rodka dewe we may well enquire what will be tie ble bie cage case with the crop of 1861 which thong though much lem iem yet promises to be more than all an average one itis it is certainly nn n object to grow corn at iras bas b las lbs as than twenty five cents delivered at the depot or say forty cents in chicago tin less by improvement in culture its cost c n he ber deduced educed ed aced this thia we thinht is of ac acm acy an ani I 1 that five cents may be safely counted upon this thib will put it at aurty thirty gise five nye cents in chicago a pice p ice which we venture to say is the lowest that will permit of its profitable production and one that will wili pring bring to market any large amount of this im stapie staple we do not mean wean to say by this that the culture of corn will n t continue a profitable branch ot of farming for there are 9 her ugee agea to woich this crop prop is put besides chipping lu ili ill a bulk buit and that so iong long ion lon as beef and ariu pork are used so long iong longwill will corn continue the most moat profitable feed to made hem them and in many parts of the th country it will ivill continue the staple feed for farm teams to supply these demands will require an immense amount of corn not lot so much as at present it is true yet an amount that will continue to elve eive it a place among the great a agricultural ri cultural staples of the day yel corx corr rhe me the extensive i use of kerosene in place of alcohol for fon lights and the substitution of laen lager laer for whiskey has cut off on two 11 great neat reat sources of demand for corn client in in he wine crop has bas aso lessened the demand across the water vater where high wines went lyent to make up tho the deficit in the product of tae vine jn in fact the distillery was the great g Fat cauldren cauldron nani caul dron ildron that abt abi absorbed orbed the porn crop and q maintained its high h agh price and unless soini soroa pw P w ti lemand iemand shall arise we seo see no good roa ram aar OB son for a change 0 ly in the reduction of the ati jr grown with the tatlow low freigh treigh te and improved P r e d modes of culture the east cannot compete pe t with ith the west in this great staple and we must soon have the monopoly or 0 its growth but whether it will wili then be any great 10 object is yet to te re de the war 1 la is not the sole cause of the low pi prie pric ica for outside of that th the e causes before no iced had sapped the foun dati n cupon upon which the demand rested cheap alcohol is ia busy adulterating 4 the brosene kerosene but this will soon adon come to an end the carwill war will increase the demand for wheat and oats and to that extent lessen that for corn it is ro possible isible that the use of hot air in drying may make it more valuable for european shipments ments but of this ibia we it ive litte hope that it will continue the gret greit staple for domestic use there can be no doubt but as an article articie of commerce it must be confined to those points thad that will produce it te the cheapest chea pst the d of coal oil and the oil wells will lessen he d mand borcom for corn many millions of bushes bushe a annually and throw ont of use that dangerous compound of alcohol and turpentine which in spite of its character had become on account of lt ibi itt i valuable il 1 I quality almost a necessity lager beer in abad f whiskey has become the national drink and of c urse to that efte t decreases the commercial il demand f r corn the making of domestic anes nes and the disuse I 1 of wines alnes fabricated out of whiskey is ia another drawback to its comme commee icia ci a value the won derdul extension of he spring wheat crop by supplying cheap flour to the in asses masses has made another permanent inroad into the corn crop 1 the culture of winter wheat is also ter ten understood and its pr duct on is not only increasing but being cheapened will displace displace so much torn sorn for food th 0 sowing of 0 rye for lor fal fai pasture and using i sin bin th crop for ho hogging dortly that is at al gwng own the hogs to 30 do the harvest harvesting ng ts is a new item in the pork line i that is rapidly trenching drenching tren ching on the d main of corn rye after beconi g lipe tipe will fall to the growl and remain sourd for months without spro sp uti uli g gin in the ear car thus making it a valuable feeds feed and ar an hoes atten latten much faster in warm than la lra cool meeth veith weal hr r th rye by giving I 1 an early feed has the advantage it is ia true that old corn will do the same but this must be f fd d daily while th rye is at all times ready and at the ame a me time makes a good shade for the lazy porkers corkers por kers it will A ill lii thus be seen that hat though c r rn like cotton cottons may claim to be king yet it is b ing i shorn of much of it its s power and prestige like all co chirse arse sta staples PI es betimes when from the calure of 0 oher hen her crops it will command a high price but in its perman permanent nt position on change it wil hereafter occupy a less important place we have no great regrets on this score f doroth or oth r products will 8 aply p ply its place probably as prod ably as corn r n the real difficulty lies in makin making the chang for farmers are generally slow siow w in these elese things thing sil and have a fondness for the old ard long iong tried beaten paths TWO horse cultivators the first object is to cheapen the culture solon so long iong as the margin of profit was large and as corn held the monopoly it mattere moat roat tere tene t less how or with what it wa was 8 C cultivated but now nov when the margin is smal if not doub ful it becomes us to use every effi effort ort to cheapen its culture for five cents saved raved in culture is five cents profit or so much less lebs of loss it lias has been teen sufficiently demonstrated that with a properly constructed two horse borse culli I 1 Y ator tor the quality of the work is superior in brior to toi toj that done with a single horse while while sin sun singly gly and at the same time save the labor of one man that is two horses and one man can work eighty acres as easily as two men ard add two hoses boses ho ses we will ivill suppose the corn is worked four times at four acres a day jtb a single ho se and we have a saving saying of forty I 1 day days which for wames wages and board including I 1 bad weather is not tess less less than forty dollars this if the cro crop p averages forty bushels to the I 1 acre is abut 0 leand e a fourth cents per bushel 1 I on the crop of ef beigay eighty acres acrea or half a dollar to the acre but u in addition to this we I 1 have no doubt that the crop will average fi e or ten bushels more nor does the diff difference irence stop here for vt wi I 1 h this ki d of cultivator the crop is drilled in which will make a saving first rn the coat of the machine for drillen drilling g over the planter and aid ard second in marking iff i i and in the saving saving of the extra hand work to check ot the hilis bius another very tery important point la is that by drilling the planting can fol fo foli I low the plowing instead or of waiting until a whole field fild is plowed harrowed and marked off here then is a continuous advantage from the beginning and which cannot at this I 1 time be overlooked if we have any regard to the profits of cor corn n growing under thia this process I 1 we think fa four u r M corkings are better han I 1 five under the old we cannot put this dif dlf ference feren ceat at less than five cents centa on the bushel which at the present selling sellin price is ia no small smail I 1 iltem item it if corn will barely p pay ay at twenty five cents under the two horse system that is we would rather grow corn for tor t tw ta A enty cents un der this thia new plan than twenty five under the old when corn was worth fity cents the profit was so BO large that it cluid be worked with almost any implement and andret andjel yet yeb prove satisfactory is but now when it is selling below j cost one of three things must occur a rise in 1 price the cheapening chea penin of its culture or an abandonment of the crop for commercial puri poses of the two horse horbe cultivators we have i al eady a a large variety of patterns all of them more inore or less valuable some of them thea with seats for riding some to be guided with a kven lover and oth ra in the ordinary way of cultivators tiva tors none that we have seep seen goine ome up to what they should or will be j we have one with collors rollers to crush the lumps w kp a as a Tall tali able abla feature but the coltof it and the Iw imperfect perfect manner of its construction will not allow of its general use with this tois cultivator we can work any drilled crop however small when the land is in good arder doing m better and more work with two horses than by any other mode and still stil 1 we would not rec amend it tor for the reason given t too oo 00 comp complicated li i bated too ex pens ens ve and too frail its first cost was fifty dollars collars full twice what it ought be ane rollers the cultivator and th a oe to protect protect the young plant from being covered witt with clods and earth ae all properly conceived but the arrangements of the parts are all wrong I 1 eking cheapness durability and ease of handling the slavering vering knives that formed a part of the machine we have laid aside as useless the guiding apparatus which was cumbersome and liable boget butof order has been ailand alland abandoned onedas as unnecessary a and we would estrip strip the thing of all its expensive gearing place the cultivators on a solid frame to run on cast rollers like th section of a common field rollar sa say y not ov r two feet in diameter no farmer who cultivates eighty z cres aeres should be without a good cast roller and ard as these are aro made in sections of a foot each two of these sections would make admirable to pr precede cede the cultivator and thus lessen the cost of the amplem nt what we vve want is cheap well constructed implements they must in the first place be simple in their arrangement not liable to get out of order and be made stron strong and nd durable A large portion of our implements are wot bless from these defects it is time that we bad a change in lii fact as the price of corn compels it in regard to cultivators inventors and makers will thank us for pointing out the necessity of a ch change inge in this respect so far as we can learn the number of any particular form of the two borse cultivators made has been limited no one being willi g to risk a lage amount on the ele experiment until their practicability was more thoroughly tested this is now settled in their favor and we will now row see who will get up the best bat and cheapest one ne one of our n neighbors i ai dors bors had an ou owl wheat cult cultivator ator made for t the e purpose of putting in wheat the wheels were some twenty inches high with an apparatus for lowering and raising i he teeth it was made for two horses and contained seven teeth he took out the middle tooth f fastened a common chair to the frame on which he be rides and drove it into the corn field at the rate of eight acres a day I 1 doing most ex ellent eilent work As a machine for cultivating wheat it was of little value but for its new application it will rank among the fist hist for its adaptability and strength |
