Show wl L 1 1 aa aa i q E V lavz V GOD SPEED THE PLOW hw god speed the plow shara shard tell nii me not dagrace Dl Dis grice grace attends attend the toll of those who plow the dark green sod or till the f fruitful soli soil why wily should the heriet honest plowman shrink tn in the van of learning and ind risdom eidom ti dom since fince tuat that makes the man mac god speed alre plowshare plow share and the b ands hands that till tul tho the truit fruit ful fui earth sor tor there a la in this world so wide we penu ceni like lite honet bonest wort worth h and trough ibe hands handa are dark with joli jolt AK and aid d flushed the manly trow trow A qt matters not for gol god will bless biess eim thi labors ot of the plow 1 I f ua mark rk lane express ya Ws W s 4 successful strawberry growing 4 mr 11 C acollins CC collins ollins of clinton county mich glary geary P 0 gives his experience in straw ill all beag belg erry t growing which ig is highly interesting to are now or intend to be en engaged aged in the 1 lre cuffe culture of sweet strawberries in may slay 1846 1 commenced trying to raise strawberries I 1 then planted 6 rows of boston pine 20 feet long rows 18 inches apart and plants 6 inches apart in the row an and two plants each of burrs new pine crimson cone con e and longworthy Long I 1 put the last three kinds 4 feet apart so as to get new plants and had all I 1 wanted that year from 68 to to each plant the boston pine bore about abou a quart a day through the season and we wea thought yer very much of them some berries were three inches inches in circumference but as soon as they were through bearing I 1 cut up every 0 odber 1 I pe r plant f for or t they covered the ground there were BO no weeds or runners for we cut them orf off in august of the same year I 1 planted 6 ibia row each of crimson cone longworthy Long and burrs IS 18 i aches ches apart each way I 1 took them up u p I 1 with ith a trowel so as not to disturb the roots roots with a piece of dirt six inches square and since I 1 have transplanted in the same way in 1857 we took good care of the plants and had haud from 4 to 6 quarts a day sometimes more pore but found that all the plants were too thick sa so after they were through beaning bearing bear iri iii I 1 cut out every other plant through the whole anaut off all ali the runners except a few to use anzire andy dive give away I 1 alay glay I 1 go got t three plants each of acal superior and howeya Ho veys veya and in august planted of each kind 10 rows 2 feet apart each way wiy rows 20 feet long and 15 rows each and burrs new pine same distance apart it took some time to cut runners and pull duli weeds but the berries were very goodard goo dand from 3 to 5 inches in circumference the th q lar largest f ini irn IR iri is 1858 5 ies before the ground thawed in the spring I 1 got two wagon loads of oak sawdust and covered the ground around 10 rows each of Long longworthy and burrs new pine 2 inches thick and within 3 inches of the middle of the plants through the summer they did better than any others for no weeds grew and the runners did not root through the sawdust and were cut only once a month or so the ground was not mowed and was in better order for th where it was weeded every two ay iy i V tand as it kept moist they bore rather lette letie too and in picking after a rain th they were clean citan from all the plant swe had a fl we could use and give away beside all the birds wanted and they had what they could eat cat as we never shoot one nor frigli frighten tend it away after picking 50 quarts a day they looked as plentiful AS ever and we have neighbors here too so we could use a great many but beside all ail we and the birds usel usef a great many w were applied the berries were much larger th than ger gen even eveE before 1 single plants of boston pine of the first planting nad ad 12 stems of berries and fiey are axis inches they bore more chanoy anOy th others but those with the sawdust did aid bi ett than any others of the ame same age the so soil ia Is gravel with a great deal of sand and a little clay mixed in very easy to work a albus is dry in in a few minutes after a rain though I 1 it feels more moist than clay or s surround ground Syr y ar round ind and the vines never dry up on it nhe teegarden The garden arden ilan iian level land on the top of a s rent L it has no manure of any kind where te thel strawberries p t ra are and lam sure talat they abey do kaelter tater iller than the plants of neighbors neighbor who ho on ver very y rich places in fir any kind I 1 want only two of or three plant plants sas gas as from those I 1 can raise any a n diu riu a ri niber hiber riber of plants I 1 want and then they wiil will nr liln liin boll n the h garden arden ready ead oad d to transplant and en done e dirt on the roots and aini airi a SEen en up with a trowel es at least 6 inches square squire they will do wa weel at any time and one ne adnot wait for a rains raida they wont wilt wiit in a hot day K I 1 never let wo kinds the tho rows and jt lona long longworthy or some kind with per is within 30 feet that is near enough to make burrs new pine and ho honeys veys bear bea r full crops we ve like burrs new pine bellfo jai ial jal thrust they must be eft left aa on the vines red than any oth r or s we put other others in thet thel the owing arder 10 for flavor longworthy hg boston pine pifie vo ys crimson cone and honeys Ho veys the crimson cone are earlier than any other and those with the sawdust were the richest in flavor leavor of all samuel edwards writing on strawberry culture from the evergreens Evergreen Ever greens sLa la moile co ITT iii says always if possible plant on new ground use no manure as it induces a rank ranis growth of vines with no fruit rows three and a half feet apart plants a foot to eighteen inches apart cultivate as corn first season the plants will cover the ground for the second year when a moderate crop of very fine berries is produced the third year any man on god good prairie can harvest his hundred bushels per acre the next season as soon as the frost is out of the ground some two inches go over the tapa patch atch with a harrow tearing tearing up one half the plants a good dressing of mold and ashes at this time is beneficial if much grass or weeds come up mow it after gathering the crop leaving it on the ground we sometimes burn over the patch early in the spring spring is is generally the best time for setting behave we have had equally good success when set in august or september if wet planted seven acres on newly broken prairie 1 sod in may which bore good crops with no cultivation have occupied the same ground six years successfully with more profit crofit than could be realized by plowing up trie the berries and putting in any other crop every family ought n to have strawberries as plenty as potatoes for they can grow them as cheaply our city markets should be so abundantly sup supplied lied ath them that the poor tive five could afford to live on them in their season instead of affording only a meager supply to be indulged in as a luxury by the rich agriculture at yale college to see yale college 1 stepping t out oui from among the mists of antiquity and the graves of dead languages says a late nur nui number ciber riber of the scientific merican american I and taking up the shovel and the hoe boe 1 is certainly one of the signs sins si ns of the times she made her debut on ihl this s new stage on the day of february havin having t secured the services of 25 leading 0 agriculturists fists to sustain her in this first effort these gentlemen are to take up all possible subjects connected with agriculture for the benefit of farmers and gardeners young and old and for their own material enlightenment there are to be three lectures a day for the space of a month each lecture to be followed by questions and a discussion the list of names in which we find marshall P wilater wilder late president of the tho national agricultural go society cieli ciely cassius M 11 clay of kentucky lewis F alien allen esq of new york and other eminent men beside professors silliman porter and johnson of yale college give the highest character to the undertaking the advantages of this course are offered so cheaply 10 for a course ticket that it will draw together large numbers the idea involved in this enterprise namely getting together educational capital by small contributions of knowledge knowledg e from large numbers is an important discovery we do not see why it is not susceptible of very extensive and varied application chickens in gardens those who isho have chickens if they have no gardens themselves should keep them off from the gardens of others we print the following I 1 ordinance relative thereto for the he perusal of 0 all cane concerned 1 arned trusting that they will take due notice and govern themselves accordingly sec see 2 tee tea IV W ordained that all ail rowl such a tur fur nr key ley ort nit kov noy time the seasons sea aea oll oti oli from irom tha iho first esy bay ol 01 march t U L the fort jart lay ol 01 november nov yov ember emter in each rr year shail shall be torr tort eite elte 4 to ari and bimbie to le be killed I ly y ady any pron perou u upon PO n whose premises they my may be found foad tres pissing creasa crease or cracked heels in hors horses es SYMPTOMS A fetid discharge from the hee 1911 treatment keep them thoroughly clean and apply daily the following wash corrosive sublimate 1 sulphate of zinc 1 oz acid 3 dra drachms drachma clims dissolve in one quart of water give internally the fol foi following lowin 5 ball barbadoes aloes pure 6 drach drachma ms nitrate of potassa 2 drachms drachma mix with moi mo lasses after which give daily dally for one week s stil sulphate phate of iron I 1 in the feed 1 ili la horses A correspondent of the brair prairie ic IU farmer says thebert Th ebest remedy I 1 ever tried bis his feed fedd your horses with plenty of abes and tobacco once a week weeks and I 1 will guarantee that they will never more be troubled with worms or bots tobacco kills them and ashes carries them away I 1 have handled bundled a good go od many hors horses s and ind this is my iny reme remedy dy I 1 never had a horse troubled with bots or sick bick with worms catechism of agricultural chemistry and geology BY ny J F W JOHNSON II 11 OF THE ORGANIC FOOD OF or PLANTS Q do plants require food as animals do A yes all plants require constant supplies of food in order that that they may nay live and grow Q where do plants 0 obtain ain aln their food A they obtain it partly from the air and partly from the soil Q how do they take in their food A they take it in by b their leaves from the air and by their roots brorn from the soil Q 14 do plants require two distinct kinds of f food A yes they require organic food to support their organic part and inorganic food to support their inorganic part Q whence do they obtain their organic food A they obtain their organic food partly from the air and partly from the soil I 1 Q whence do they obtain their inorganic I 1 food A they obtain their inorganic food wholly from the soil in which they grow Q in what form do plants take in organic food from the air A in the form chiefly of carbonic acid gas Q what is carbonic acid gas A it is a and ki nd of air which has no color but has a peculiar smell burning bodies are i extinguished in it and animals die and it is heavier than common air it causes the boiling lip up of soda water and the frothing of beer I 1 and forms nearly half the weight of all lime stone rocks cartonio cart carbonic onie onlo acid add gas may be formed by pouring dilute mur fatic latic acid add upon bits of limestone or of the common 8 ada da of the shops in a tall covered glass class A burning taper Is by this gas but I 1 t does noty noti not like hy by fd d rogen n tats take nire fire itei ityl itis his to heavy that it may maybe be pour led e d fr from orom 0 one glass to another and u when hen heu poured from trona a large tumbler a common candle may be put out by it Q does carbonic acid gas form a large jarge part of the atmospheric air A no the atmospheric air consists almost entirely of a mixture of oxygen and ni nitrogen gases five gallons of air contain about dour four four of nitrogen and one of oxygen but in I 1 gallons there are only two gallons of carbonic i acid gas Q do plants drink in much carbonic acid from the air A yes they drink in a very large quantity Q how can plants drink in so large a quantity of this gas from the air which contains so little A they spread out their broad thin leaves I 1 in great numbers through the air and thus are I 1 able to suck in the carbonic cal cac bonic acid from a lar iare large lare e 1 quantity of air at the same time Q how do they suck it in A by means of a great number of very small imail openings c or mouths which are spread I 1 everywhere especially over the under surface I 1 of the leaf Q do the leaves suck inthis carbonic acid at all times A no only during the daytime day time during the night they gi give alve ve ox off a quantity of carbonic acid Q what does carbonic acid consist of A carbonic acid consists of carbon or charcoal and oxygen 0 i 1 gib alb 6 lbs ibs of carbon aad aid 16 1611 ins of oxygen torm term 23 22 ib lbs ibs of carbonic acid Q how do you prove this A by barnin burning D 0 c charcoal in oxygen gas when carbonic acid gas will be formed ETI to show this experiment experiment introduce a pirce of red hot charcoal into a bottle of oxygen gas until the charcoal Is ex when upon putting a lighted taper into the bottle he will iad ind find lad carbonic acid has been formed for the taper tapen will be extinguished I J Q does the plant retain carbon and the oxygen contained in the carbonic acid that is absorbed by its leaves A no it retains only the carben giving off the oxygen n again into the air Q how do d 0 you show that the leaves give off this oxygen F gas A by joy putt patting putting in fas a few green leaves under a tumbler able or 0 gas ga a receiver full wil all oe of water andset andret and t lung ling them out in the sunshine when whon small bu bubbles b bles bies S of ox oxygen en gas will be seen to rise dise rise from the leaves I 1 and to collect in the upper part of ofa the tumbler Q do the leaves of plants drink in anything else from the atmosphere A yes they tiley drink in watery vapor Q what purpose does this vapor serve A it serves in part to lofsten the leaves and ana stems and partly to form the substance of the plant itself j Q in what form do plants take in carbon from the soil A in the form of carbonic acid humic acid and some other substances which exist in the black veme vegetable t table tabie matter of the soil 80 il arm ti orra humie humic acis we hive only to dissolve dif dlf solva a little common soda in waters water ioli loll the solution upon finely powdered peat peal or rich dark roll poll pur off the solution when lien it hamood ha tm wood mood to gettle settle and add weak spirit of fill sait to t it r brown blocks flocks will tall fail which loch are humic acid this barnic acid of carbon and war only i Q in what form do plants derive nitrogen I 1 from the soil I 1 A in the forms of ammonia and nitric acid j experiment s with potatoes pota rota toes there exists among 0 farmers a great reat diversity of opinion respecting ie spec ting the t he most profitably way f planting irim potatoes some 0 plant piane hoie ishol hole e I 1 s ee cd I 1 cLand e ind 1 som some 4 cut k it mcalfred Mr aifred Alfred lap apha ham of Burrill bur ville iowa has for several years made experiments in this respect last year he experimented anew he planted 23 hills with whole potatoes 23 hills with cut potatoes three pieces princes in a hill and 23 hills with two pieces tho the seed was averaged by weight and size tb the tha e result was as follows the 23 bills of |