Show the eruption of vesuvius professor the naples observatory Ob observatory y has made a valuable report on the eruption it appears that the needles of the apparatus of lament lamont which had been slightly affected on the of april were greatly agitated ag stated on the and on the following day tile the eruption broke out no fewer than thin ten craters opened in ill the course of a few hours follo followed wied by many smaller ones onest all throwing wint out lava and heated stones accompanied by subterranean thunders and ruddy masses besot ot smoke these streams descending into the plain called the atrio A trio del cavallo I 1 formed there a sea of fire whose shores were on ei either ther side of the thie mountain of or somma and the lava of 1850 theo thet materials which form arrn thes this sea swelling from moment to ino rno moment ment at length poured into the fosso della deila detrana Ve trana that wonderful cascade of which I 1 have spoken the enormous quantity of lava ever increasing filled up the valley at the back of the hermi bermi hermitage tige and pouring into the fasso del acl faraone Fava iava one formed an other cascade aid ald ald rolled down in the direction of several townships in the vall vali valley vailey y early inthe in the progress of the eruption the tho lh lava was as palms in in depth and it was consi dertil that if another suc such h an accumulation took place which certainly has now happened the hemi hermitage tage and t the he observatory would be in danger in fact they have been vacated and the instruments 1 st removed The precise number of orators it will be impossible to determine till all is tranquil the same maybe may be said taid of the materi als ejected though we ire have observed chloride of iron gaseous matter destructive to 1 lile irle I ife tie and ni latic acid gas aas oas or palmier says haton teaton the first day of the eruption observant ob const were impo on the clouds clearing oft off he ascertained that there was a great tension of positive pos poa iivo tivo electricity I 1 which increased considerably on the bail fall of some ashes on the evening orthe of the ad d may in general the electricity y was always stronger when the thie wind wine blew towards the observatory it manifested itself very vigorously to the moveable moveably move able conductor not always to the fixed conductor and during the fall of the ashes 11 sh he says 11 1 I verified a curious fact which I 1 have observed during the fall of rain also that bilat wh ilat with wilh the moveable moveably move able conductor we had ha d positive electricity with the fixed conductor a faint negative elec triciti vas observed tile the lava after falling into the fosso del fa caone progressed I 1 from that point paint as from the apex of an angle in two directions one bear bearing 1 ag down on the townships cercola st sebastiano sebastian 0 and massa di somma the ot herat a later period in the direction of st giorgio giorgios Giorg ioa loa it ceremano cremano Cr emano a and nd st jovick close to portici the first branch being the earliest in order of time I 1 speak now of that on the he loth may the lava had arrived within palms of cercola on the next day it advanced palms more and there athas it has remained almost stationary whilst during the last ten days the mountain has been pouring pouting down its greatest fury bj by the other branch towards st bovio As I 1 had already been heen to the summit of vesuvius and watching the lava running rapid rapidly ly down the sides then their flowing through a pla pia plain i it I 1 and then hurling itself over a precipice until it was lost to the eye I 1 conceived a strong tron des desire lre ire of intercepting the fiery i onster monster ri in its cour course f e coming face lo 10 face with him and watching his every movement to do so it was rlee rice necessary e to diverge from theroan the road by Port portici ici and make the detour of the mountain on the north and instead of performing any extraordinary feat I 1 found that I 1 was but one fit oat tens of thousands mho who A ho were all bent bat in the same some direction the first evening of my visit was on in a sunday when the peasantry of al ail all the country round for anny miles hid assembled to look at the river of fire and perhaps as much at the living stream of human beings flow floi ing in from naples the bridge of cercola was then their passable the villages in the neighborhood were still open and emerging from rom the last a few yards brought us face to face with the lava it w was as pent within the deep banks of a wide bed and was flowing down not like a fluid w which aich is the ordinary motion of it i I 1 but like a mountain of coke or at timed times like highly gaseous coalla it split spilt and crackled darid darld and s sparkled par kled and smoked and flamed ti and even veri moved on int ink one evist vast compact I 1 hody body pieces detaching tile themselves rolled down leaving behind a glare so fierce that tha t I 1 could have imagined myself tit the roth goth afan ir iron furnace and a as 9 every mass nell fell down with kith mhd lh noise of thi inden inder or of rolled sideways from the il lipper surface into the gardens and vineyards ue e trees flamed up and the crowds uttered shouts of admiration and regret nor was nas it the lava only which seemed bent oh the work of dest destruction for in every direction r the axe xe of 0 the he wood woodcutter utter cutter and ind masters mastors an and men n were cutting down trees and pulling up vines sines in those grounds which the fire was ap proa hing bing in it some places they were too late as a general conflagration told us it often happened too that careless fellows broke off the ends ands of their torches which failing falling on lle ile lie the dried up grass quickly burnt apall api upi ali ail all the undergrowth following the course of the stream or rather tracing it back to its source we walked by the side of that huge leviathan through highly cul grounds now trodden under the feet of multitudes until we e arrived at the edge of a precipice whence we looked into the boiling flood flod fed by the cascade of lava which w ivaa as pouring down from above the sub sublimity limiti of that i spectacle is id indescribable eleand and were I 1 lo 10 live the ibe life of Melhus aleh the he impression it made upon me would never be obliterated I 1 can thinker think of nothing else plse and when I 1 close my my eyes s stil ill that stream of fire dazzles my sigh sight full 1000 feet fee fell that glow ing flaring flaming niagara in one fine unbroken sheet over the precipice at the back of the hermitage and the th a observatory formin farming at first two cascades the interval between had ad been filled up by the immense masses which the mountain had thrown out and now it maj majeski esti estl cally caily rolled down one continued stream into a lake of boiling fire and then descended into the plains which it had left there were times w when hen projections in the face of the lava sam seemed e d to impede its course or when the adhesive character of it appeared ank t bandit bind it up in a temporary rigidity then behind thase projections accumulated tons dpn tons of material it was a moment of breathless expectation alt all eyes were fixed upon that one blackened spot there was a slight movement one heard a it click a few ashes and stones fell down like and down went a mountain of solid fire into the boiling smoking abyss with the noise of thunder the heat and the glare of the light ere were fre at dinies times almost insufferable and partly to avoid it and partly as sir sif if the mighty fall had bad communicated its moy mot movement ement to us we all waved back hack as asby ashy by 0 one ne impulse the branch on the right which has since flowed down to st jovick in the erection of portici Port ici was there only an ali infant rival rivulet et stealing on its insidious course through a wood of chestnut trees and wrapping them all in flame alas how much injury has it since occasioned how many trees teeming tee teeming mino with the promise of fruit a and nd tile llie grape grope has it lt laid low how much land has lias it covered with tons and tons tors of sc whereon nothing more will v ill grow for r a century but the tile hardy cactus in some swe places a hund redin others two or three hundred and in one place a thousand feet in in width it rises to the height of one abne or two hun bun dred feet feel and even more tive ve walked by what was a week ago aro ago a deep though dry watercourse and looked I 1 like tite pigmies pygmies up to the top of the mountain of lava iava by our side ade and this mountain was not one single excrescence on oil the face of the earth it was a portion only of f that marvel lous river which ishuin issuing g from the side bide of the cone ran through the valey ly by the broke over over that precipice of one thousand feet in depth and then dividing itself into two branches terminated a course of eight or nine miles in face of five or six flourishing and pop ulous along villages jn in tile the efin from st bovio the lummey summer residents have fled and taken their furniture with them at cercola and massa at the termination of or the other branch a bridge has been beet cut away eo so as not no I 1 to imp impede edethe the free course of the lava sever ai kub aun N uses have been removed for the same rea tea son end several have been either swept entirely away or half hall surrounded in bis big this his sta state t e things remained till sunday last a kind of armistice had been established between the mountain on the one hand and the he saints ferdinand the second the bones of st rocco and anu ana the cardin al on the oiher other on sunday lat lait however above all other days the he mountain broke the armistice and the lava has been rai ral galloping loping not flowing down e ver since As it flows flow however over the hardened lava of last week the danger is n not ot imminent butia it continues woe to cercola and massa aiassa in the st bovio direction dire clio n it does not dot flow again the interest is reviving vesuvius presents a more magnificent iti III spectacle than ever and crowds etall throng the best points of view I 1 at t flight 1 or run down to the mountain 1 naples P I 1 es of the athenaeum may 22 arrom from the rondon ondon I dally Ns nests narles NAPLES thursday may 10 1855 the lava lias has now advanced ten tea miles from its son pon source 1 ee and is doing terrible damage I 1 have before me the report of cozzolino us is to the latest latent changes which have bare taken place about the cone coue just at the base of it a lake of rire firo ilag has been formed which looks like a red sea in an state in the very centre of this has opened another crater critter which is throwing out red hot stones stories on the morning of the 71 ll il 11 the crater at the very summit fired as it were two heavy cannonades canno eanno nades after sending forth lightning flames and stones broke up altogether f in n the middle of the he cone ten craters have been ben formed and from these the lava pours forth like I 1 a inver diver river orthe side of the cavello as fa m al as the here four rother craters chaver ah been formed which throw up Isi iti in the thern thero man amara iara isra ner of df pyramids and resemble gigantic exhibitions as of fireworks fire works tile tiie whole of the summit of odthe the crater is there like a sponge arid and rufust inevitably v fall in the thin crust trembles tiem bies bles under you feet feel you may mas see the stones dance with the thi th palt patt t aund the A crater looks like the ides sides S of a heated healed copper copp er boiler f such is a true stata stati statement ment of what is ii going on oa on the summit there are reports of an opening toward pom peir gi i which is s not riot unlikely and another tow toward ardt reina relna arcina Rc ma lna ina but I 1 have not been up for some rome days daf or as r the danger i Is s now very great before I 1 write again I 1 shall make the attempt last tI P went to the scene seene of most interest after an interval of two days lys the whole length of 0 this tills usually quiet road was like a fair and suii such euch was the ifie throng of or cartridges car ear ridges which were moving oil on in lif three lines iines that it was with difficulty we arrived at our d dt st nation As we approached the thid menaced nt neighborhood the inhabitants were ra re a i moving their thel goods and on a bridge andge in t the I 1 ie iri middle a dle of the little township of ceraolo through which in the winter time lime thunders down from the summit suni of vesuvius one of those mountain rivers so ck y well know in italy stood a company of sappers ra 1 Cr creeping eeling under the solid Ifan handsome dome bridge into e the bed of the river niver we went up in in face of tw thal liva lava which was how coming rapidly down here again were sappers ii raising mounds on either side to divert ther the ruin from some private grounds anda pur keep the tava lava in one straight course I 1 I 1 the smoke which rose over the heads of thea th multitudes told us we were close on the spot ap aad d climbing up tiie tire lle ile lie bank and arid walking oil on the top wp we looked down on the mighty mass of fire how t changed the neighborhood 0 where I 1 walked on sunday ni lit ait wis zis was now a sea ea of fire the ade it roa road d by which I 1 had come down into the ingli ami a stream from pollena and somme was now full of the blackened coke the houses on the borders of the village had lad fallen in one SO poor people lived a small ch chapel a pel pei was swallowed ed up a gent lemans villa a sad extent of vineyard an and garden ground i 1 on oil the other aids of the great lara lava bed another stream was branching aff to san saba saha stiano we had ilaa hoped to cross it and arid ascend to the cascade J again hat but it was no longer possible for as one I 1 says 71 1 s speaking of a marshy country in the winter winfer the lava was out tile the fire here had to 1 enter the kuri buri it ground of town own but hut wo ws 1 s diverted from its course by a wall on the appo appo site side of the stream merethe were the king and the ahe the roy roys al family the banks on either side tide were wire throng ed with curious and anxious multitudes whose face faces were lighted up with the blaze of hundreds of torches and with tile the more resplendent flame of or the rapidly descending lava ahe ake the morn ing it had moved a mile it was like a vast river river of glowing coke As it moved on the tens of thousand lumps rolled and tumbled one over the other crackling and arid grinding and grating and when from the very face of it A a large lump fell off the ilia appearance pe arance was that of an iron furnace when the iron iron is 14 bein being drawn to make the resemblance more complete at such times men darted forward with long poles taken from the tile neighboring vineyards and arid pulled out great masses of lava iu which they embedded money for sale what struck wel wei moe roe at first and still slit strikes me as the most figure in the scene is the slow glow silent irrer irre r sis gis gissible tibie tible motion of that fiery flood active al at mighty power without t an ail effort sweeping everything before it overcoming every obstacle growing up against intervening walls or houses houses and devouring them bodily and then marching on oil in the same silent unrelenting irresistible manner as before there was a spot beneath my feet where a fil alj if work had been built to break theil theft tile violence of the ilia winter floods to this spot all eyes eyce were directed the tha fiery river would fall over oyer jt it in an ail hour ai yet it was wag distant from it severt seventy yards perhaps gradually it rose in height als ais and swelled out its vast |