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Show THE WEEKLY REFLEX. KAYSVILLE. UTAH mans in ITHIN ten months the United State will have 25,000 battle plane In' service in Europe. The planes will be equipped with American motors of capable of driving them at r-t- wa attacks. Consequently, we have the present dead- lock In France. What we nmtsdo ) to drive every enemy airplane out of the air. By doing this we not only prevent the Germans from knowing ..whaLgwo are lorngT but we also cripple their artillery, for artillery Ore has been directed by the airplane. Then we can plan surprise attacks and can drive the enemyAiack. In modern warfare the side without airplanes is at A hole.s disadvantage. When we gain complete command of the air, when we have literally smothered the 'enemy airplanes, wa break the deadlock and win the war. The airplane ha produced the deadlock. The airplane cn'n end It." How soon con we hope to do this? We have the best men In the country at work on, the problem. But people must not be Impatient If at first our progress eem Mow. Only men who have tried It know the difficulties of building a airplane motor." In the matter of personnel. It may be noted, our aircraft promoters believe we have a great superiority over the rest of the world, for this reason: It takes an exceptional sort of man to make a and have the good flyer. He must be steadiest sort of nerves. Otherwise, he comes to grief and smashes an extensive machine. Men of this type volunteered extensively In Britain and Canada early In the war. They constituted the armies that went Into the battle line without adequate artillery protection and so were largely destroyed. The same force operated to destroy the strong and vigorous young men of France and Germany who w'duld have made good aviators. So today- America Is the greatest reservoir In the wrorld of the right sort of material for the personnel of the aircraft service. While the other countries are having difficulty In getting-prop- er d men for has Invited us to send men to her aviation schools because slie cannot keep them filledour problem merely to train them and provide them with equipment. ' I asked Mr. Wright what speed plane we might "Xpect to develop. It Is a complicated problem, the limit of useful A good many reckless stateIecd," he replied. ments are made ou the subject by persons with vivid Imaginations. It Is safe to say there are machines on the western front that can muke 130 concerned there miles an hour. So far as spml are no Inherent impossibilities In developing a plane that might make ns high a two hundred miles an hour. The difficulty Is In the landing. A machines landing speed I about hulf lts maximum speed. That I. If a plane I designed to make a speed of fifty miles an hour It wings will not sustain It In ihe air If It travel Mower thnu twenty-fivmile. It must' be moving at a -mile an hour to peed of at lenst twenty-fivmake a successful lauding. So a plane with a speed of 130 miles an hour cannot laud at a speed miles." of much les than Mxty-flvFrom the field we drove to the laboratory,- It Is simply a development of the crude shop lu which he and hi brother together worked out the problem of air flight The airplane was no lucky find. It wa not developed by rule of thumb. a Dayton Wilbur and Orville Wright sons-o- f United Brethren bishop, after getting through high school, set up a bicycle repair shop. They had a natural taste for mechanics and for sports. Twenty-one year ago they became Interested In the experiments of lillenthnl, the German experimenter, In a gilder. Ill death attracted their attention to his work. For two year they worked on data and laws" that other Investigators had produced, only to find that the work so far done was worthless. So in their own shop in Daytou they devised a wind tunnel" a chute through which an air driven by an electrician, and set to blast workiueasurlngthe resistances of curved surfaces by a wonderfully Ingeuious method of their own devising. By a long series of exact measurements and elaborate mathematical calculations involving sines nnd cosines and such, (hey worked ont the problem of the curvature of the plane and of the propellers, j The problems of balance were enormously Intricate. But these, too, they solved. They were pioneers. They had to discover .the difficulties and then find the way out."" So they had to deIt took unlimited patience, vise the method. resourcefulness and hard thinking to win success. Roth the brothers were primarily scientific men. They were Impatient to devote themselves to the scientific side of furthering the development of aeronau tic. But they necessarily had to finance companies, fight patent suits ami conduct ihe business of establishing a new Industry. Wilbur Wright died five years ago. and In 1913 Orville Wright wa able todls-lsf his business Interests and devote himself to scientific work where his heart has alwavs rtmrmrnrperTrTir hour. Flirt herumre, these motor will be constructed principally of aluminum and will be of less weight per lore-powe- r than, any alrplnnq motor bere-- I tofore built. Thus the plan of the aircraft Ixmnl of the council of nathmat defense, adopted bj the war department nnd financed .by congress, are In a fair way to be speedily consummated. Not long pgo, the Washington correspondent of the Kansas City Slrtr, who sign himself 1L J. I IV wrent to Dayton, O., to Interview one of the Inventor of the airplane alout America great aerial program, planned to blind1! the German army, Portion of the reporter story are printed below. It give some details. of what Unde Nam Is doing In the production of an army of - - y man-bird- s: A young man jumped and caught the propeller blade of the biplane and gave It a pull. It turned half way around and stopped. He repeated the two or three performance time. Suddenly there was a roar and the propeller became a blur. It was a hot morning In Dayton and the breeze from the ..revolving propeller fan looked refreshing.-Th- e plane wasn't going up. It wa blocked ou the ground and they were merely trying out the engine. I atepped forward into the breeze. The power Isnt turned ou yet," said Orville Wright, at my side. It wont be so pleasant here w hen It 1. , The roar turned Into thunder. The ground seemed to he blowing away In a cloud of dust. We grabbed for our hat and retreated. Just one of the training plane," Mr. Wright Orfly a hundred horsepower." explained, Of no Importance on a battle line, perhaps. Rut one of the gathering squadron tlint even now are beginning to cast a faint black shadow achrn the German horizon. For (Id field, with It four to he one square" mile, of the great center of I he aircraft work which relied on to turn the scale r,f battle on the western ;Ifront. Aral there at omi end of the field, which has been named the Wilbur Wright field. In honor of one of the two brother who Invented the alrptnne, I the little, weather-beaten shml which was used by the brothers a the hangar for their original plane, only thlrteeu years ago. It I Just a plain shed, and beyond It stretches the impo.sing line of hangars off Into the distance pretty nearly two miles of buildings, calculated It house the 240 plane that are to be assembled In Ihe field eight miles east of Dayton. And, yet, It U fittingly preserved as a memorial to the day When air flight was being slowly and painstakingly developed by the dartug scientific genius of the Wright brothers. In Washington I had talked with the men whose Imagination had conceived the great dollar aircraft program, and who are now in charge of It executlou. They are engineers and executives, hot practical aircraft men. They know Americas Industrial and engineering resource. Their enthusiasm Is contagious. I went to Dayton to talk with the worlds foremost aeronautical engineer and to learu some of the dlltlcultles that must be overcome before we can put out the eyes of the Germans In the air, organize our surprise attacks, destroy the enemy communications and blow up the Krupp works at quick-witte- - 1 e e e - w-a-s t Orville Wrigfit Is a man of 40, of medium and unassuming, he gives the Impression Independence In thought' and action. He is (deliberative lu manner, perfectly Jcontrolled, clear thinking. We can do the job," he said, as we drove to the aviation field. And its worth doing. It offers us the one big hope of winding up this war next year. Instead of permitting It to drag along for years to come. All our Information Is that Germany and the allies are kwplng about an equal numler of planes on the battle front. We cant be sure, but their resources In building seem about equal. Each side probably ha about 3,500 planes In active service on the western front, aside from their reserves ami training plaues. If we were In a position to put several thousand planes, manned by trained aviators, ou the western front today, we might bring the war to an size.-odes- Cpv ' By using the planes to extend the range of artillery, and boinhing the enemy lines of and Ids munition plants and naval o bases?" Possibly, to some extent. I am not particularly sanguine over bombing, and I do not believe other flyers are. The men who have never flown are the most enthusiastic over the possibilities of dropping bombs. The antiaircraft guns keep the flyers at a height of above two miles. Anyone who lias ever flow n at that height knows the tremendous difficulty of hitting a target. There Is . In hls laboratory In Dayton' he la now conducting two lines of work which' will be well-equipp- of in the- great aircraft program planned by the government. One Is the measurement of the air resistance of curved surfaces; the other the development of a stabilizer to make the control of the airplane mere nearly automatic. Other aeronautical laboratories the world oyer have made these ineasureincnis Lair" resistance. U bot the IlCTmthave been f.r ICO nothing for him to gauge Ids speed by. The bomb drops through' air currents moving In different directions which deflect It from Its- - course. The Krupp works at Essc offer a large iC . . . -- , u -- -- .percent- - apari.JXhe, method fourteen ycaryagfrproretUsub stantially accurate, and now Orville bright Is taking up the work w hero he left It off. I hope to provide the proper measurements for a large variety of planes, he sald,! so that In building different sorts we shalt not have to depend on cut and try. The stabiliser Is an Intricate derive by which the action of a revolving fan hold-- the airplane e-Wright , steady. "We can set the plained, tn suit, n the plane moving in to uso hi I ..nN to-th- y lr infiVing photograph" The stabilizer h len trie,! u sure. .vfiily. but needs further rclmetuems so as to do away with the need of dally adjustments before Sir. Wright Is willing to put It Into service. He I 1 beneficial: tbafs tvhy 1 WMLEVS 2 1 2 2 2 2 the world over; a Iona watch or a bard (s popular Many Job Is made more cheerful by this lons-lastln- refreshment.' d 1 2 Atds Eppettta and d&sstten slow-turnin- anti-aircra- HRayst&lrst oAVOIGLEYS end fcti&s 2 2 2 PORPOISE One of Least Known Industries Has Been In Existence at Cape Hat-te- r a for 200 Year. One of the oldest and least known industries In America Is the porpoise fishery which has been operated from Cape natteras In North Carolina for about 200 years. It should attain an unnsual prosperity in the next few years, for the bureau of fisheries Is urging more general use of porpoise hides tn place of cowhides. It is an excellent leather, and could undoubtedly be used more, widely. Heretofore the most valuable produet of the fishery has been the oil which 4s extracted from the Jaw of the porpolse. and ls worth about $20 a gallon. It ts universally used for lubricating watches and other very delicate mechanisms. The body blubber Is also valuable. Attempts to manu- e 1 The Flavor Lasts fitter Every Meal er j'taa - VT- COSTLY CHIMES FOR CADETS Set of Bell Is Being Made for Chapel at United States Military Academy at West Point. Big v What is said will be the most costly chime of bells ln America aad one of the most musical sets ln existence Is now belngmade at the foundry 'Of 'the Meneely Bell company of Troy, N. T, for the massive tower of cadet chapel. Rev. n. P. Silver, chaplain, at the United-Stat- es mHltary academyT-We- st Point, as the gift of Mrs. James M. Lawton, In memory of her father, the late. MaJ. Gen. Robert Anderson, who was graduated from the academy In 1S25, and 4vhose brilliant command of Fort Sumter at the outbreak of the Civil war has thrilled millions of readers of American history, says the facture fertilizer outof.the carcasses have failed because of the distance from a fuel supply. The porpoise are taken at natteras In seines, operated from the shore, and trtSTsrohabtFthe" onryplace dn Am erica where this has ever been done successfully. During the fall, winter and spring many porpoises are seen off the South Atlantic, coast, and at Ilatteras they come within a few hundred yard of the surf. They ' are taken by spreading seines about 200 yards outside the surf lines. As soon Watchman-Examineas the porpoises have come Inside the There will be 12 bells tn the chime, seines. It Is dragged ashore. Often a the largest weighing nearly two ten whole school of these sea creatures Is and measuring 50 inches at Its' miouth. taken tn a single haul. The cadet chapel Is of stone, quarried from rock found on the military Not Like Home. and cost to build about hflrf grounds, - The bright boy In khaki was dilating a million dollars. Its commanding poon the woes of army life, sition on the hill back from the Hn4-so- n "Yes,n he said to hts old mother, we river makes an Ideal place fur dont get mnch in the way of fancy hells, and the patriotic atrs from the foods, or anything like that. Our camp chime will aonnd throughout the beaucooks all right on stews and soup, hut tiful In the midst of which he cant go beyond them. ... The other the highlands. 'military academy is gltngted, and . day you know, when I went back, I prove a aource of Inspiration to the futook a cucumber with me that I was ture genernis of the United States going to share with one or two of the army that will always linger with them boys. I gave it to the cook and asked him to get It ready for ns, and..what pleasantly. dyou think he did with' it? Put It in Bure. the oven and baked !L" Husband The agent said that this Oh, poor boy!" said the fond moth- car was easy. er. A pity I couldnt have been there Wife ne must have got you and the to look after you. rd have boiled It car mixed. i g joy-ridin- r. g ft 'l , -- lovely for , fHhrle mram'Alle Itntlir tl.e, Ferfe Mr. t V5SSUJ5 lock f hi hair. "Madam, said the general, I wear a wig T' But show hls willingness to meet her feishes, lie d to remove the wig and let her appro- print nr.y remaining natural hairs that she could find. Nhe accepted his offer and proved herself to be r. searcher by getting a' few clippings, which she brought home, as a great treasure, and divided honorably with my mother. Each sister carefully preserved her quota cf l.slr In rlr- - .TT;FLprquiiCudn-o- f I - , am The Feint afraid our bulldog has a twist In hls pedigree. It Is only Ms screw JJDou't worry. A woman who necessarily love It. - apparatus operated by com,4 pressd ft!r recently lnvvnted. lMerally nitrogen f ronr the blows' 1 ce c ream from molds. ,r ln GerTnany hlch was only 30,000 ons tn has beA so successful S00.000 ton were so produced In 1910 and expected that 320.000 invi-we- P! yon!"' Nitrogen From Alf, -- My aunt. Mary Allen, having spent some time in Prance," was proficient ln her knowledge of the French language and ma nners, "hr sn " 'On a y?. visit that she paid to Lafayette, who was always t- stabilizer," the Imenror exwaj, for ltit;:ne, ns to keep a cl role, having the pilot free 1 2 fls beneficial ns it Is enlo able In otber uords. doubly I r-- fair-weath- 1 3 - e or.- - 2QQ -th- a squadron pf. airplanes might - be able - to pnt "them out of business. Other plants might be 8uccesfully attacked. Under favorable conditions othefbouiblng operations might be carried out fcuccessfully. But iny idea of the effectiveness of supremacy In the air Is along different lines." Which ones." In other wars the element of surprise has determined the outcome when the forces were of approximately equal strength. Thf general who1 could niat-- his men so as to fall on a smaller force, of the enemy won the battle. The airplane has stopped that. Now a commander on the western front knows exactly what his opponent Is doiag. There Is no chance to mass men for surprise Immediate-valu- The Joy and Chivalry of Air Fighting. Flying has become .as much a matter of routine in war as marching on land or steaming on the aea, and men are ordered to fly, at fixed hours and for stated period, as though flying were a natural act, and not the organized miracle that It really 1. A correspondent of the London Times writes Interestingly about It, saying: Out In France the last chivalries, the last beauties of battle have taken refuge In the air. From the labors, butcheries, miseries, horror and ashpit desolation of the Parth, the fighting romance of war has taken wing and climbed sunwards. There alone combat I Individual, visual, decisive. to rely solely on There alone has the hlmelf.- - There alone la the battle decided not through veil of distance, between Impersonal and unknown hosts, but wing to wjpg and face to face. There alone are the rare courtesies of warfare still possible; It was a British squadron that suggested, and a British air, man who executed, the of. a funeral dropping wreath over the German. lines as a tribute to the A rrl orl in me m a n n . And there alone can individual skill and courage have their swift reward. For one flash, between a dip and a climb of his swallow flight, the fighting airman may catch the glint of his opponents eye, and, If the momentary burst of fire be truly directed, see him crumple up In his sent and the nose of his machine dip and begin Its fatal spinning dive, while the victor soars up ngain to safely and solitude. And what a solitude I his! From the moment in the airplane when the mechanic has given his last heave, and the last curt verbal exchange, has been given, and Contact, sir Contact, th engine sets up Its nfighty droning song, the airman Is alone, submerged In that roaring music, deaf and dumb. For perhaps a minute he sits there testing his engine, fingering hlslevers, assuring himself that all Is well; and then, as the drone sinks to a hum, he makes his last communication the characteristic quick outward .wave of the hands and arms. The chocks are pulled away, the hum rises to- a drone, breaks Into a roar, and he Is off, bumping over the uneven earth until hls speed gives his wings their life, the rough ground Is shed away from beneath hls feet, and he rises into the sudden peace of the air. The peace of the air" may seem like a contradiction In terms In war time; but It Is the supreme sensation of Jfljing,. apart from flying and fighting. Once you have got your height, whether It be a thousand or ten thousand feet, you seem to be absolutely at rest at rest tn sunshine and a strong gale. The dim carpet or map beneath you hardly moves ffcnd although the trembling fingers of the Uttlecloeks-and-dia- le before ypu witness fluidity of your element and the tenderness of your hold on it, yet the only things that do not seem to move are the wing and stays of your machine which surround you, a rigid cage from which you look forth uixm the L,Q earth or the rushing ' clouds. It is not Until .the engine has been shut off, and you begin to plane In mighty circles toward the earth again, that you get, In that delicious rush down the hill of air, any sensation of Speed rand not until, a moment before landing, .you skim over the earth at SO miles an hour, that you realize with what pace you have been rushing through the airy vacancy. But these are the sensations of mere Ten or twenty minutes may take. the fighting pilot to hls station in the air over the enemys lines. Ilow puny the absurdity of the greatest war of all time can appear Is only known to the airman as he sits In the breeze and the sun, high above tt all; the danger to him Is not down therer although to ascend into hls remote sphere he has to pas .through the zone of fire; his own particular enemy Is the German fighting machine. which may come down to harry or destroy the observer, and which he. must himself attack the moment it makes Its appearance. Between these two he watchfully patrols, and all this time, although a battle may be ragtng beneath him, he hears nothing but the strong, rasping hum of hls engine. He flies and fights alone. 1 , Hsen. ; d 1 640-mllllo- n s b life, and when we shall have enormous factory capacity for turning out the best machines In the :: world. But thatagalnM another story, flyers-Enyan- J. hla-r- the prosecution of the war. He has great expectation of the development of aircraft In practical use after the war, when thousand of trained flyers shall return to civil - 1 govern-ment- "TnrfrafOirTricTflrssrrnirnTerrimeiit-for- - hlgh-pow- 1 early end." on Intimate terms with members of the aircraft production board, and all lores money doesnt a man because he ha An broad end butter when a fellpr can have Who wants TOASTIES C3ys 8oa (IE SSOiSHtt'.dV.WP'' |