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Show 'A THE WEEKLY REFLEX,' KAYSVILLE, UTAH1 .4 International .Great Congress Tulsa. Will Be Held in N0RM0US CROWD EXPECTED NEW CURE FOR JFarmers and Farm Scientists From Many Nations Will Take art In Five Big tha Proceeding i Erected. Pavillona Let the Fowls Go by Themselves Separating From Others, If It Can Be Done Conveniently. - rr A- - Okla. The eighth annual of', the International Dry Farming Congress and Exposition, a world- ide orwith ganization branch offices in nineteen nations and members In sixty,., will . open here on October 22, and the at tendance is e pected to bevery large. Tulsa has been bustling to provide accommo-lation- s for the affair and Is doing well. Forty acres of land are ready as exposition W. R. Motherwell, grounds, and 80 acres more have lepn set aside for farm machinery Five exhibits and demonstrations. great buildings are under way. One pavilion. 80 by 100 feet In size, will be fclven up entirely to an exhibit on which the United .States department of agriculture Is spending Fifty counties of Oklahoma will show their products in an "Oklahoma Kafir corn palace." Crop exhibits from seventeen western states will lie housed In a third building 80 by feet; while a fourth, of the same eize will hold specimens from three provinces of Canada and a dozen foreign countries. The new Republic of China la spending more than ll'l.OOO o send a collection of Manchurian crops to Tulsa for this occasion, while Russia is dplng as well on a great exhibit from ''all of Its government dry farm experiment stations. .A fifth building will be given over entirely to a show of the manufactured crop of products of Oklahoma. which Is merely a method of holding rainfall in the soil - for the useofgrowlng crops and which thereby conquers periodical .drought. Is a practical necessity over 63 per cent Of the earths agricultural surface. -- As a result, the work of the Internatl&na! congress extends through many na ttooe and Its annual session are at tended "by delegate! from many countries." Thla year, farmers and farm - eciontlsts are expected from Argen- Bel - tins. Australia. glum. Brazil, Chill, China, Columbia, Costa Rica, Cuba. Canada, Ecuador, Egypt, France, Great Britain, Germany. India, Japan. Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Palestine. ParaSpain, guay, Persia, Peru. Russia. " South Africa. Turkey,- Urugvay and tVenezuela. .. The aessiona of the congress proper Will last through five days, from October 27 to 31. Ten subjects will be made the basil of as many, meetings .and farmers and farm scientists will ttalk about soils, tillage methods and machinery, seeds and seed breeding, farm forestry, live stock and dairy ting, farm education for farmers chib dren, farm management and the saving of waste, farm engineering, sclen-tiflresearch on farm subjects, the tmodern agricultural college and the farm home. The subject wtlt be' handled through the International Congress of Farm Women, a branch organization which In Itself brings out several thousand delegates annually and which has forking sections in many foreign nations. Hon. W. R. Motherwell, minister of agriculture for Saskatchewan, Canada. is president of the International congress for 1913. John T. r.uirnS or Tulsa ia thetnternational Bjr MRS. E. M. STETSON. California. V - Dry-farmin- ' i t i t i Dry-Farmin- g ! ; t i -- i Austria-Hungar- -- t i -- c , t last-name- d Dry-Farmin- g -- 1 r; ..I,. secretary. New Easy Drink. new lug for dry but poverty-stri,cken.,Joozeflghters .has been In vented by the followers of John A ttar-.leycor- n. -- - A 7rM - d - Si 7 QZ GRA3r-10ROW&l- -- SOZ X. GRM22T 4- 1 By HORACE 4 T is surely an amazing fact that the corn crop of. the states should average year after year orjly about 30 The acreage bushels to the acre. planted Is Increased .by millions from, year to year. Vast ureas of virgin territory are constantly being brought under cultivation. It is a matter of record that many farmers' raise 100, 200, some as high as 300 bushels to the acre, yet the average for the entire crop Is never Increased. Ia It likely that there Is anything wrong with the government figures? I do not think so. There jts as much care-- given ai is posslblelolnsure accuracy, and 1 daresay that many farmers, even If they raise more than SO bushels to the acre, will fee satisfied that the figures are correct from hla knowledge of what the average yield la in his district. The farms are tilled by a pretty good type of farmer, on tha whole, hard working, and fairly Intelligent The best that we have been able to produce of the true American, and for the most part the best of the sturdy sons of the' soil from many foreign lands. We have a national department of agriculture that has been the envy and the copy of the world, which Is In a sense, a farmers university, and the sole aim and purpose of which has been and is," to make better farmers. For a" generation' or more. It has striven by study, experiment and printers Ink lavishly disseminated, to educate the farmer and bring him to a higher level as an efficient tiller of the soil. Through the work of Its. many professors It has presumably told the farmer much about seeds, and soils, and methods ofcuItlvation. and of protection from insebtvPests, an Infinite variety of details abhjit the vital facts concerning his business, yet the result remains the same, so far as corn Is concerned, year after year thirty bushels to the . Ttaof snzmwmzz MARKLEY. If it possible that the present type of farmer has reached the limit of hla Rapacity o improve? .It may be so. At any rate, besides all this there is an agricultural press, ot vast proportions throughout the Btates, working to educate the farmers and keep him posted on everything that may be of help to him In his business. Many farmers take several such publications. Then again, the tools that are available to the farmer for his work are far superior to what they have been in the past, and are Improved possible that the farmer la not as a class taking advantage of the best tools for his work? What is the first thing to be done In the growing of better com crops? I think, in seed selection. There is nothing startling or original In this, I admit; it is the "doctrine that has long been preached, but I would simply add my testimony from the results of my experiments with the hope that it may lead others to try along the same lines. There Is nothing difficult about It, there is certainly nothing costly; it amounts to' simply a little more thorough and intelligent heart interest in ones labor. , To secure a com that will yield tenfold what he has been accustomed to getting the fanner, must breed Tor results. He has got to Improve the com In the same way that he would raise the standard of hla stock or his a flocks. And once he of! ahowa com increased that type productiveness, ha must try to keep it pure," avoid 'inbreeding" and maintain its stamina, with the same watchfulness and cars that All breeding demands. It does not require a scientific education to grow more and better corn, or .better crops of any kind. - It does One of the first require brains. things to be done Is to get out of tbs d - ways of working. Core,' esacre. In almost every state In the Union pecially, Is one of the most abused there Is now, and has long been, an crops of the farm. Because it will sgricultural .experiment station, work- grow and give some returns with 'a with the federal de- lot of neglect It gels IL ing In In no one respect Is the average partment of agriculture and hand and hand with the farmers of the state to farmer more careless than In his educate him. The stations are choice of seed, and this may be said with and ex- to be the prime essential. The farmprofessors, equipped of of them the many highest er la" plowing," manuring,' performing perts. authority In the land, vast tracts are all the operations from planting time under experimental cultivation, they to harvest, year after year, and with have been planning,- working, testing some of these he takes considerable soils and seeds, and fertilizers, to aid pride; for Instance, I know fanners the farmer In the exercise of economy who are perfect plowmen; they knew and the growing of'better'cropsr 'The TT" and are' proud 'of their skill, but in net results of their labors they are these same farmers are an custom of old com their means throwing by constantly disseminating of lectures, and correspondence,- - and In their crib just as it is husked, asd bulletins, free, for all who would avail when they want seed In, the springof such yet the net result after all time, they go to the crib and pick these years Is an average of 30 bush- out sufficient likely ears from what are left to meet their needs, and let els to' the acre for corn The agricultural colleges have It go at that It is an enigma how a man can be rone even further than this. They have In many Instances not been con- so skilled as a workman in many retent to work and lecture and print spects, and yet absolutely inert to the results of their labors for the one of the moat vital phases of securbenefit of progressive fanners, they ing perfection In that work. It needs have been militant In' their work, no argument for It has been demonhave Instituted campaigns of educa- strated over and over again, that the tion by sending out some of the pro- breeding of plants can be followed fessors on special trains, right In the with as much certainty as to results, heart of farming districts, and girlng as the breeding of animals. Then the farmer talks, and why not do It? The only added equipobject lessons In better farming ment which nine out of ten require Methods; telling him about soils, is the exercise of more intelligent care methods of cultivation, - seed selec- and precision In some of the details. It seems- - strange, but It Is s tion, Jnrltlng them freely - to ask a fact, that most farmers are Questions, to the end that he may be- come a more enthusiastic worker and aware of what may be done In plant raise better crops. Although this has breeding, and kno w thfigeneTalprin-clples- . but thejf wfifnot wake up to been going on for years and beyond question many have profited by It. a practice of them In their own yet the average yield for corn the ' If we are to Increase the com yield past year was Just the same 30 we have got to get It. In the breed, bushels. v7 yearlsjt . -- -- as-secured slip-sho- , - hide-boun- d f. 1 t The other morning Paddy Morrison, who tends bar at a certain prominent Market Ltreet place in Galveston, Tex wa, was calmly wiping the dishes when a ell dressed young chap came In the front door and said: I beg pardon, but do you allow ladies In this place sir" responded Morrison. It agin' the law.". "Well, that's too bad, muttered the ' stranger. "My wife and I Just got ato town and she's mighty anxious for a - good claret lemonade.' The only place you can get a good claret lemon-ed- e is in a, so loon. If you will make one. might 1 take It to her? Sure." said Paddy. Just have her step into the doorway "to the side, ever there, and Ill fix you up." "Thanks, - said the visitor. Just give me a little whisky before . you fhake up the lemonade. Having tossed offhis little drink, the stranger said hewould go out and tril the Mrs, to step Into the doorway. Paddy started to shake up the claret Jcmonade. H shaking. it ever since. -- hal-ben- , heart-to-hea- rt - -- -- ' -- This is entirely - wrong. A sac oi edvering surrounds this white matter, keeping - It from going any - further than the one organ. When this sac la broken, as it must necessarily be by the breaking of its outside covering in order to eject it from the eye, the contagion ia allowed to go down the nose and spread to the whole head. The bird is then a hopeless case, for there Is no remedy now but the ax, The matter which will be found in the blood of the fowl is also of a yery contagious nature and contact with other organs will cause them to take on similar conditions of corruption and decay. If the bird is kept In a warm place and is fed on highly stimulating and nutritious food the blood will finally right itself, hut it cannot do so if. or vaccinated with largely the virus of the disease- throughout the entire head. The proper way to do is not to touch the head, just letting the fowls go by themselves; this Is better than the squeezing treatment, but separata them if convenient from the other chickens and keep warm and feed all they will eat. If the eye is not pecked by the other chickens, as in fighting oyer food, or the sac Is not broken, there la no special danger of the other birds catchGOOD ZAM5 OJTXACn 7U) the disease, even if they are allowing ed to run together. We spent several dollars for roup sufficient stamina in all the seeds to medicine, worked incessantly, causing reproduce like the parent The com ourselves and the poor chickens unbut reverted not only to the told misery by trying the squeexing-ou- t to the type. and always lost the cases. method, This is one of the mysteries that '65RRSnu ABIAmZ M&QT Now we them run and, save for a let bedoubt no will have to be solved, blind eye, we seldom ever have one e It is not in the soil, or the fertilizer, fore a ... or the weather, nor in any other fac- type of corn can be raised with, the die. tor, important though each may be. qualities of the parent so fixed that The first essential Is to breed up It can be relied upon to maintain a MACHINE FOR TESTINQ EGGS corn for points with the same care big average yield. It may be du to Type a weakness of inbreeding. given, to animals or fowls. Electrio Daylight" Tester Has liitte quality, stamina, productiveness, etc., -- Some of the ears weighed over sating Automatic Features Age must be known, must be sought for pound each, making over two pounds May Be Determined. and Improved with each season. It to the stalk. If this conld be averIs not enough to pic. nt perfect ears aged for an entire eom field it would Testing eggs outdoors or la a room or such Is may be - Active at harv- yield over ten tons to the acre. having ordinary light, where eggs may est time. It Is no- - .ary that one Such may seem an exaggeration or be sorted and crated at the same shall know the plant that produced the an Impossibility, but It so only In time, is possible with the machine ' of its comparison with what we have been here shown. The outfit to about three ear," and all the conditions accustomed to. Even If by judicious feet long, with a roller at each end growth and environment There .are many mysteries to be selection of seed each over which aa andless eaavas belt solved In this question of seed selec- year still the type could hot be fixed moves. About six inches apart oa tion with the view to breeding up a so as to produce even yields of the this belt are small metal saucers, each more productive type of corn. My maximum amount, yet If it gave an of which holds aa egg. says the Popuown experiments in this direction will increase of 20 per .cent' as It did In lar Ceatrally located Electricity. indicate some of the difilculties to be my experiment, the return would be above the belt to aa electrio lamp, re--, met with." In husking the" com In a big one for what Is involved, it current from a regular light" the fall of 1908 I came serosa just does not imply added cost. In the pm eeivlng or from 24 dry batteries, circuit, lng one stalk containing two ears. It Auction, but only a greater care and and over the lamp la placed a hood was. the first I had ever met with, interest In ones work. an having opening la the top. : z Another thing to be kept in mind though upon inquiry I "find that farm-er- a The belt la ran by taming a crank, do frequently , come across such in breeding up a type of com for highand the electric lamp automatically d stalks, though they never er productiveness is that the number lights when aa egg passes over R, re pay any attention to themTbut throw of kernels to the ear and their size veallng the condition of the egg to them in the crib with the others. has an important bearing on the yield It occurred to me, however, that it of grain. would be well to plant from those two A corn expert once figured out that ears and endeavor to raise a two- if the productiveness of com could eared type. One ear was of good size be Increased by only one kernel to as big. each ear, on the entire crop It would and the other about Weighing them the large one weighed mean a gain of 60 tons of grain! 14 ounces and the small 9H ounces. Even though the figures be not absoThe large ear was an average ear lute there is no gainsaying that the An Electrio Daylight" Egg Tester such as every stalk carried. Thus increase of yield would be a very big Having Intarsstlng Automatic Fee turea. this particular plant gave 9tt ounces amount In the aggregate. The point more than any other plant This gain is made very clearly In the accomthe person looking Into the hood. Anwrould mean almost a ton more to the panying photographs which show other Interesting feature of the ma acre If the corn could be bred to eight, ten and twelve-roweears ot chine la the automatlo turning ef the yield two ears. It would mean even com. Each ear was exactly the same the belt, thus enabling the upon egg more if the two ears could be made to in weight, being 11 oundes each. The tester to examine it on all aide. Tha attain a good size Instead of one beear gave seven, ouncea of age may be determined by the way ing large and one small aa In this grain, and had a cob weighing four the has aettlsd la the shell. A egg . caseu.. . ounces, the ear weighed up dean, The com was of a variety called eight ounces of grain and had a perfectly fresh egg ahowabada one is a while ' deep orange color, yellow-flinobtained originally of a three ounce cob. The twelve-rowealmost black. nearby farmer. From these two ears ear gave 8 ounces of grain. A difAs the eggs . pass under the hood.,, 1 selected. 63a kernels, discarding the ference of an' ounce and a half to the the good ones are left to roll out on a butts and tips. The field in which ear of actual grain is an appreciates canvas extension table, while the bad this was planted was fall plowed and gain 'worth striving for. But that ones are removed by hand. dressed during the winter with a does not mean that such is the limit liberal application of a high quality of the gain to be obtained. It would of stable manure, as I keep such In a be quite within reason to obtain tenKeep Selecting the Best Hens. Constant selection to the only way The fold that increase. pit eed was planted at one end of the The chief requisite to substantial to get your flock up to where yon main com field.' It should, of course, progress in the growing of a more want it When you tee a good bird, have had a separate plot, and It may productive com must be the skill and look carefully and note well her charbe that the tendency to revert to one Judgment of the worker. The first acteristics. Put her In a breeding pn ear was due in part to its contiguity essential is no doubt seed selection, and use her aa a breeder another to the ordinary com. bot this does not merely mean the year. Do this throughout the sumill The 630 kernels made 210 bills. picking out of the best looking ears mer and when fall comes yoo Fourteen failed to come np, probably either at harvest time or In the husk- have made your selection of the best being eaten by worms or mice feThe ing. It la necessary that the grower birds and a breeding pen of the best germination showed very strong vital- shall watch the corn ttom the first you have. ity. However, of the 616 stalks, all start of the seed and through the from the seed, "only 136 growing. Build Up Utility. " stalks produced a double ear. About There to only one way to build up Vigor, productiveness and early ripening should he noted, not merely the utility of a flock and that t by Another interesting point, showing in the mind, but in a book, and the careful selection. If each year clearly the tendency to reversion to stalks should be marked so that .they save only the eggs from tha very best 'remote ancestors, is found in the fact can be identified at any time.- My layers for hatching purposes, each gend that while the ears were of method is to snip ouj little bits of eration will become better layer. 12 rows about 5 per cent of. the tin; punch a hola through them at Thla work can be greatly assisted by cobs. one side and put a .bit of thin wire obtaining males from a heavy lajinS yield was of.. .one? Although this variety of flint com through and twist this loesely about strain. will show frequent ears of 12 and 14 the stalk when marking TL" On the rows. It may be considered properly tin I scratch a number with a Tainted Food Danger sharp aa awL There to uot likriy to occwr typs of eorn. Letting tto tiria 62 we see that after throw lag the sport any accident that can destroy this to dangerous business thla time of a there is not stalk, tag or erase the figures. fear. s v f coisrrwn& '&TocK JZ get well.. 3seac. i v-- 0. There Is a practice among 'poultrj people to catch a fowl with swell-heaand squeeze the white mattei out, thinking that this will relieve the bird of its corruption and cause it to viiM vpj - 120,-00- SWELL-HEA- D never-theles- or ctwr mmmmnrjsAcnnnx one-eare- d i. eight-rowe- d two-eare- d hlghly-productlv- -- - two-eare- ' two-eare- two-third- s d eight-rowe- d ten-rowe- d t, cement-bottome- d two-eare- d d ' two-eare- d one-fift- -- two-Bee- eight-rowe- eight-rowe- d d two-eare- d ' f-- |