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Show t SK r-f- 7 THE RICH COUNTY NEWS, RANDOLPH. UTAH iiiopfflP another to he used for seed. Too late t ' was- - discovered that the potatoes weie infested with roed-knproducing eel worms, which were. Of course, scattered far and wide by this means. While this may not have been the fir introduction of tlie disease into that state, it was at least one of many Could Be Saved to Future introductions which have resulted in the wider and .wider spread of yi and the loss of millions of dolCrops if Care Is Taken to lars. ; " Avoid Infected Plants. Set Only Clean Plants... Tomatoes, tobacco, celery, peppers, figs, peaches, and many other plants are likewise . Instrumental in carrying HELPFUL DOTATION IS CROP; this disease. As indicated by the name, its principal manifestation is on the roots of plants In the form of swelSetting of Few Ciubrooted Plants May lings or -- knots. Severe infestation will ' Give Start That Will Ruin Garresult In the yellowing and dwarfing den for Years Wilts Ars and often the death of the plant . Easily Transmitted. Wilts constitute another group - of ' diseases that may he transmitted to PLANT DISEASES t f-- ot -- : (Prepfir.d by the United States Department of Agriculture.) What a lot might have been saved If we could have applied to crop production 20 years ago what we know now about the control of plant diseases. - And equally true, what a lot we could save in future crops if we would only apply the knowledge that we have. Future crops is written advisedly, for the introduction of a disease into new soil, may affect for years to come the crops planted on that soil unless radical and extensive measures are taken to eradicate the disease from the soil, say specialists of the United States Department of - vjA " 'Vi Vj: Agriculture. Infests Soil for Many Years. Take, for example, the case of club-roo- t of the crucifers ; I. e., cabbage, cauliflower, mustard, etc. The setting of a few ciubrooted plants may give the start that in a single season will make for years an otherwise good garden unsuitable for cabbage and other crucifers. A case is known in which a cabbage patch in PennsylClubroot in Advanced Stage. vania was abandoned 27 years ago because of the prevalence of clubroot. new soil by means of diseased plants. When cabbage was again planted the They are manifested by a wilting of crop was badly affected. The disease the whole plant. These, and the' ones referred to above, may be and ought to be kept out of new land. The way to do it Is to set out only clean plants. The way to keep the plants clean Is to sterlize the seed beds. If steam pressure is available, the inverted-pa- n method described In Farmers Bulletin 996 is best. Such steam pressure may dften be had' In the greenhouse from the boiler used for heating. For outside seed beds any kind of a steam boiler, either on a stationary outfit or a steam traction engine, will furnish plenty of pressure. If steam pressure Is not available, good results can treatbejiccomplished by the ments advocated in Department Bulle- y , ORTO RICO is thinking and talking rs'i U i I & t-& i. 7 i fY- & .( about independence these days as are the Philippines. The appointment President Harding of a new gov- Fjjgf' ernor emphasizes the fact that the Porto Ricans were disappointed in not being allowed to elect their own governor. The new governor is E. Mont. Reily of Kansas City, Mo., and he succeeds Arthur Yager. The Porto Rican resident commissioner in the United States Is Felix Cordova Davila. In the house the other day he asked and received unanimous consent to print in the Congressional Redord an article by Dr, Albert Shaw on Porto Rico, which lie said contained very valuable information which may be useful to members of congress." In connection with his request he said In substanee: I want to say once more that the movement 6f Independence in the Island of Porto Rico has been greatly' exaggerated in the. United States; thaj the people who favor this ideal are very good material out of which to build up loyal American citizens; that we' ail truly appreciate the privileges of being citizens of this nation ; and that our loyalty to tlie national flag, without mental reservations, is the best evidence of our love to the people of Porto Rico. At all events, the issue of independence is really unfortunate, but the common sense nnd the patriotism of the Porto Ricans induce me to believe that this ideal will disappear from their minds in the not very distant future, I Indorse everything printed in this article except the views of the writer regarding the governorship. I really believe, Mr. Speaker, that the people of Porto Rico have a right to elect their own governor, and I hope that the congress of the United States will recognize this right at the proper time. (Applause.) At present we- have lost our fight. But we are good losers. We cordially congratulate the new governor on his appointment. He will surely have of our people In the discharge of the his official duties. We wish him a successful ad.. ministration. Dr. Shaws article Is too long for reproduction here in full. Following are some of the important points made : ' The Porto Ricans, though living under the American flag and loyal to it' beyond a question, are iscussions ly followed in the United States and are somewhat puzzling, even to public men at Washington who and who really are sympathetic and des:re to understand. The Porto Ricans themselves tfre aware that people in the United States I 1 ist. If ' the govern ment at Washington i P i I f tlr" : , 1 should Sofo GiyiadarwoocfttUhderwoo hold Porto Rico as a tropical paradise for the benefit of second-rat- e American office seekers, the Porto' R.cans would have a genuine grievance. If the nuances of the Island were administered for the . benefit of the government at or if Washington, the commerce of the island were under restrictions -- tllat retarded local then certainly Por- to Rico would have prosperity, grievances. But, happily, pn-- ' cle Sam has made a good record in these . Trade between Porto Rico and the Unitedrespects. States is as free as trade between New York and New Jersey. The production and commerce of the" is-- , ' land have increased enormously under the Amer. . . ican regime. "V Porto Rico has a local Income tax dating from the war period, but the surtaxes are at very low rates as compared with those of our national inAs regards public finance, the Porto' Ricans are in an extremely fortunate position. The islands outstanding indebtedness' is only about mow, K)0. All of the revenues raised by Porto . Rican taxation are applied to the islands own purposes and are subject to the disposal of the legislature. In addition to these local revenues the United States government pays back to Porto Rico for its own uses all the sums collected by our customhouse officers at the islands ports on goods from foreign countries. The Porto Ricans' are not ' subject to our national Income or other direct taxes, and therefore are exempt from the burdens imposed by our immense war det They are protected by the army nnd navy of the United States, but do not pay any part of the cost of maintaining our defensive establishments. For one thing, almost the entire population must he rehoused. Families are large, and the typical home Is a very small and slight structure thatched with palm leaves, so primitive and so lacking in all that makes for comfort, convenience, health, and family dignity that it must be condemned and superseded as d matter- of public policy. The influence of excellent schools In the towns is al- ready having a marked effect upon the Improve- ment of home conditions. In San Juan, the capl- tal, the government itself is building a large suburb of small concrete houses with suitable appoint- inents, and selling these on a long-tim- e plan to come tax. open-mind- read more about politics in Ireland and Canada nnd at times more about affairs in Australia. New Zealand, nnd South Africa than about what is going on in an island which we annexed more than 20 years ago, and whose people are now American citizens just as truly as are the people of Massachusetts and Virginia. Most- readers in the United States are not aware that tlie Unionist party, which has a very large majority in each of the chambers of the Porto Rico legislature, swept the island In the election last November on a platform which included an independence plank. The opposing party, which Lears the name Republican, was, apparently, weakened rather than strengthened by a coalition which It formed with the Socialist party for election purposes. The strong and capable men of Porto Rico are to le found in both parties. In so far as the future of the island is concerned, the Republicans are wholly iii favor of accepting the connection with the. United States as permanent. , The leaders of both parties, as also their newspaper organs, are warm in their expressions of friendliness to the people of the United States and to the government at Washington. all thought of se- T1 e Unionist leaders disavow curing an independence that should come with any sacrifice of good will on either part. The Porto Rican political spokesmen on both sides are men of remarkable oratorical ability; and In an election to gain a large popular npnpnlgn where they seek more passlon-- ; themselves express following they of a question like that of discussion hi" the ately Independence than when conversing quietly about with members of the oporto R'eos best Interests at Washington or with members of com cabinet ' oaaional committees. .Independence, we are assured by the leaders, is not secession but nut u.il . evolution. tlie I nl As a matter of fact er connection w;th to Porto Rico io lie sat-valuable too ted States rificed unless there are reasons of a comBut pelling kind. it is hard to believe that such reasons ex- - workingmen. . hot-wat- er tin . -- Angio-Saxoni- s.sh-ingt- . well-bein- g, . ognlzes 818. v GET CUSTOMERS FOR PARCEL POST TRADE Write to Relatives and Acquaintances in Cities. ; Many People Will Not Order Farm Produce From Stranger Because They Do Not Know of Con- ; - It takes courage to aim high and to work toward the realization of the largest possibilities. Looking to the future, It Is easier to entertain the notion of an Independent Porto Rico associated politically with other Latin American entities sur--" rounding the Caribbean sea. And this conception might be fully justified if the alternative meant 7 a rough and tactless attempt to Porto Rico or to subject its people to rules, cus-toms, and standards that seem to them both strange and unpleasant. But this is an age In which personal liberty and local distinctiveness seem to be entirely in keeping with large organizations of government, of commerce, and of culture for purposes of common welfare. Porto Rico need not fear that she will be a neglected Cinderella in the' American household. It. is probable that she can play her part In the Caribbean regions with more influence and success if she abandons all thought of a future substitution of her local flag for the Stars and Stripes. Porto Rico will inevitably be managed by Porto Ricans for their own welfare. There is not the slightest danger of domination from Washington for the benefit of continental America and to the harm of Porto Rico. The training and development of the Porto Rican people is much more important just now from the standpoint of democratic progress than the achievement of outward forms of a more complete home rule. Statehood may be expected as tlie ultimate thing. in theory, of course, the Porto Ricans should choose their own govemorv In practice, however, it would probably be best for Porto Rico, at leasr for some time lo come, that the governor should be mimed by the President of the United Stntes. countries often victimize them-- , Lai selves In the undue excitement and factionalism of electoral contests. It the business of the governor, whether appointed or elected, to apply firmness, wisdom and intelligence to promoting the welfare, of the Porto Rican people. It is probably better for the Island that the governorship, like the judiciary, should exercise its functions above 'and beyond the control of local parties. ' There has been a good deal of conflict between capital engaged in such industries as those of sugar and tobacco on the one side and labor organized under socialistic leadership on the other hand. It might not he best for the Island at the present time to have such economic conflicts carried into the political arena in the election of a governor.' There would seem to be quite enough Opportunity for a play of popular politics In the election of members of the two branches of the legislature, of the delegates to Washington, and of local and municipal governments. The United States has recently paid the sum of 520,000,000 to Denmark for St. Thomas and the other small islets of the Danish group, which, we now call the Virgin Islands and which lie near Porto Rico to the eastward. This purchase is a fresh evidence of the Importance that is attached at Washington to the position of the United States in the West Indies, at the Panama Isthmus, and in the Caribbean region. If, then, we are permanently to exercise a foremost influence In the defense and the progress of those regions, the most obvious thing to do is to concentrate strongly upon A great work for the development of Porto Rlc-o- . health and education must be carried on in the island, and the success of such an undertaking would justify all necessary expenditures of money and , f-- ' of scientific effort The foundations are well laid, and the tasks to he achieved are specific and clearly defined. - The island is agricultural and Is overpopulated. It is capable of an industrial development that would increase the income of the average family and give steady employment to surplus labor. On the other hand, many Porto Ricans might with advantage be colonized in parts of the United States where agricultural labor Is needed. They are already American citizens and entitled to preference as against ' alien Europeans. From the standpoint of American defense, Porto Rico has the strategic advantages of location that have not at times been sufficiently well understood by the authorities at Washington. la the long run, the Jests of efficiency and of economy woulf be best met by concentrating as far as, possible upon harbor improvement and defensive preparations in Porto Rico as bearing upon the protection of the Panama canal and of all our proper Interests in the Caribbean regions. As an evidence of our' regard for Porto Rico and esteem for our fellow' citizens there. It would be desirable to appoint a certain- - number of Porto Ricans to positions In the departments at. W and also to Select several Porto Ricans of suitable eduction and experience for diplomatic . end consular positions.. ' Although our Spanlsh:speaking neighbors to the southward have had more, than four, centuries of experience In trying to adapt themselves to the conditions of life In their respective regions. It Is well to remember that there are centuries yet to come, and that the future will give ample opportunity to atone for the mistakes of Isthethepast. The principal application of scientific knowledge for Improveagency that we must now rely upon ment of Individual and of social conditions. The Western Hemisphere must be harmonious in all 14 can be Of war. . that makes for the avoidflnee associated in many ways for intellectual progress and for the wide diffusion of things that make up our modem standards of civilized life. One of the of the United. States ways in which' the people of our can best promote the futute, Is to contribute toward! InVhote as a hemisphere tensive progress in the beautiful Island which tec the American flog os its own. , - ditions of Production. Clubroot on Young Cabbage : (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) For producers who wish to market by Plant . . ; , had been kept alive during all those parcel post the most satisfactory way . years by wild mustard and other cruci- of finding customers is to write to fers that had grown upon the land as friends, relatives, or acquaintances In "weeds. , cities, seeking their trade, say special- Clubroot is not manifested In the tots of the bureau of markets, United top in early stages of development, but States Department of Agriculture. on be seen It the roots If may always Purchasers, on. the other hand. Often' ' is present at the time the plants are can locate reliable producers by cortaken from the .seed bed. An abnorrespondence with friends, relatives, or mal swelling in any part of the root In the country. Mors'' Is an Indication of the presence of this acquaintances than 75 per cent of the produce being disease. In Its later stages the swell- marketed by parcel post in a number ing may involve the entire root, as of cities In which Investigations have Inshown in the Illustration and will been made Is sent by persons who variably cause the production of a obtain their customers In this way. poor head. Making business contact Is less dlffi--' ' Another example is that of root-kn- cult between friends because there is of a wide variety of plants, so' an absence of the suspicion and dls- Injurious in the southern' part of the trust that sometimes Is found between some In and also of country occurring strangers. . Many persons will not the more northern states. It would order farm produce from strangers be impossible to state how much root-kn- because they do not know the condithere was in the South 50 years tions under which the articles ars . produced, It is said. Although ways of obtaining customers are numerous, no method is so promising as that of working up S trade with or through friends. This method of establishing business relationship Is especially recommended for r-the general farmer who has a limited amount of produce. Those who wish r to market a great deal-oproduce by parcel post may find Jt necessary , to obtain customers by personally soliciting strangers .or through advertising in newspapers 'and by- - other public means. . Another method Is- to writ .. to friends In 'the; city, asking for a list of acquaintances who would probably be interested ,in receiving table supplies by ' parcel post X 1 , ; ' ; . ' ot , ot i-- - II Vr 4 t f'v ' ' a 4 jV'1" ROOF, ON POULTRY BUILDINGS . - - ff : , Declded Advantage to Unroll Prepared Material and Let in Light and I , 1 f , ' 8unahlne. When putting prepared roofing on poultry houses, It Is a decided advan- tagh to unroll the roofing and to let la -light and sunshine for a few hours. Root-knTomato, Plant. The roofing expands from the warm, 7"V U' : ago. But it Is certain that the disease Ing and lies smoottier when applied to' e to becoming more wide spread every the roof. of the roll to cooier.than due This is the outside air, and so If year. dlstrlbutiop largely o Its trrasmIssiQn by diseased plants. not placed in the sun before' applies ' inme years ago a carload of pota- - Hon, It will expand after nailing and ' shipped from one state to produce wrinkles. ' -- V ; - . - The-Insid- . |