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Show THE RICH COUNTY NEWS, RANDOLPH, UTAH THE STORY OF sut iUNi&i j i' . By JONATHAN BRACE U by McClure Newspaper ( ' OWN A DIAMOND, don't wish for one. We have all sizes and mount them as you want them. Our reasonable prices ease the way. Syndicate.) BOYD PARK OHIO Northw e s JEWELERS t BOYD PARK. BLDG of which Ohio is a part, was a bone of Territory, contention between Spain, France and England. S p a i ns claim was based on the voyage of De Soto up the Mississippi river. France, through the explorations of La Salle from the north and the early entry of French priests from Canada, considered this territory .theirs. As for England, she rested hei claims on the discovery of North 'America' by the Cabots, arid in the icharter granted to Virginia included jail the country lying to the West. As there was no Spanish colony In this part of the country, the real conflict for ownership was between France ' ; and England. The French were the first to get a foothold In Ohio, but the English pioneers, who shortly began to drift westward, firmly established their settlements in the fertile Ohio valley! After a long period of warfare, in which the Indians played a leading part, the Northwest Territory was finally ceded to the United States by the Treaty of Independence in 1783. And Virginia and other states, which had laid claim to portions of this region turned over their rights to the federal government. The government of the Northwest Territory was formally created by the ordinance jef 17S7. People from the East migrated into this territory In such numbers that by 1803 Ohio, was taken into the Union as the seventeenth state. The fourth largest state in size of population, Ohio has 24 electoral votes for President, while in area, with its 41,000 square miles, it ranks only thirty-fiftwhich shows how densely it "is populated. It is noted as the state of Presidents. President Harding makes the seventh Ohioan to fill the presidential office. The name Ohio is derived from the meaning Iroquois word beautiful river. It was first applied by the Indians of the Five Nations to what we now call the Allegheny river, one of the chief tributaries of the Ohio. Gradually the name came to include the whole river, sometimes even being applied to the Mississippi. Later it was confined to the river between Pittsburgh and Cairo, and ap-- , propriately the first state formed on its northern bank was named after it Ohio is often called the Buckeye State from its large number of trees, : horse-chestn- LOUISIANA discovery of pHE dates back to the beginning of the Sixteenth century, when the Spanish explorers, Alvares de Pineda and De Soto sailed up the Mississippi. In 1682 La Salle descended the Mississippi and took possession of the entire valley in the name of the French king, Louis XIV. In his honor this region was named Louisiana. French colonies soon sprang up, including New Orleans, which was founded In 1718. An interesting chapter of Louisiana was the formation of the Company of the West by a financial schemer named John Law. This company ostensibly was to exploit the new colony and held out to speculators an alluring scheme. But the golden , dreams were soon disturbed by trio many difficulties the colonists experienced, and France suddenly awoke to the fact that the Mississippi Bubble had burst. A panic followed and Law, was driven fro.m the counpenniless, " try. In 1763 France ceded Louisiana east of the Mississippi to England, and, by secret treaty, New Orleans and the western territory went to Spain. Spanish rule proved unendurable to the Inhabitants and the restrictions over the navigation of the Mississippi led to hostilities between the northern American settlements and Spain. This situation, however, was brought to a peaceful termination by Spain relinquishing her rights to this territory to France and the purchase In 1903 by the United States from France of .the entire Louisiana territory. The southern portion of this acquisition was organized as the territory of Orleans and In 1812' was admitted as the eighteenth state of the Union, with an area of 48,506 square miles. has a As the Louisiana pelican In Its center, the state' is often called the Pelican State. ' . . Sltaxwliljy. SWQBBWS) OUR STAGES coat-of-ar- Scheme. Best There is no better guarantee to sue cess than just plain work. After an article has won a definite market folks learn to depend upon It, and new articles have to earn their right to even a place in competition. Its this constant production of the worth-whil- e thing that puts both you and your business on the commercial map. There are all sorts of attractions to the contrary, but there Is scheme that can take no the place of honest, consistent, per aistent efforts. Exchange. honest-to-goodne- WO MAIN STREET KRRI Francis 6 LuKe Scientificcoiiectorr of Honest Debts ses llRooms Continental BanK ffidsSreoeifyWfc ' General Manager (golLWfy .SALT LAKE CITY. UTAH KE population of the United States, as T shown by the 1920 census. Is 105,-- P 683.108, as compared with a popuia-- J I tlou In 1910 of 91,792,266. The in-create Is therefore 13,710.842 or 14,9 per cent. The figures of this census show that the trend of population from ,the country to the city has become accentuated since 1910-anthat for the first time in our history more than half of the entire population Is living in urbari territory, as defined by the census bureau. This is to say that 54,816,209 or 51.9 per cent are living Ip incorporated places of 2,500 or more inhabitants and 50,866,899 or 48.1 per cent in rural territory. In the census of 19HT the corresponding percentages "were 46.3 and 53.7. While the increase in tctai population was 14.9 per cent, there was an increase of the urban population of 12,192,826 or 28.6 per cent. On the other hand the increase of the rural population was 1,518,016 or only 3.1 per cent. Worse still, the figures show that the rural class living in incorporated places of less than 2,500 inhabitants increased 21.5 per cent, whereas that class living in. purely country districts shows an actual decrease of of 1 per cent. The country is therefore off balance. There Is trouble ahead for us if we continue to have more food consumers than food producers. Ways and means to meet this situation are therefore a national topic. There must be a return tjo the soil. One way to bring this about Is to make it easier for the small farmer to secure title to the land on which he works and ,to help him make a success of his work. Consequently there are all sorts of national, state and community plans, under discussion, half established and under actual test. California State Experiment. One experiment that every sociologist and community worker, to say nothing of others, is watching with intense interest is the California land settlement scheme, which was launched in 1918 and is the first of its kind, at least in the United States. H. A. Crafts thus describes in the Scientific American the successful development of this California land settlement scheme: The California state land settlement scheme at Durham, Butte county, was launched in 1918, and is the first settleriient of the kind to be established ' in the United States. A tract of 6,219 acres of farm land purchased by the state was subdivided into small farms, ranging in size from two to one hundred and fifty . acres. . The spirit in which the colony was started is best indicated by the enabling act adopted by the, California state legislature in 1917, which con. tains the following clause: The legislature believes that land settlement is a problem of great importance to the welfare of all the people of the state of California, and for that reason through this particular act endeavors to improve the general economic and social conditions of agricultural settlers within the state, and of the people of the state in general. By provisions of this act the legislature appropriated the sum of $260,000, of which $250,000 was constituted a revolving fund for the purpose of purchasing and improving farm lands to be sold in turn to bona fide settlers. The land purchased for this first settlement was a part of the old Senator Leland Stanford estate and with the exception of about one thousand acres is composed of deep, rich alluvial land, along the shores of Butte creek. Under two allotments and sale in 1918 the entire tract was quickly disposed of, and provided beautiful and productive homes for 120 families, ' ' including 200 children. The enterprise is not of an eleemosynary character, but one designed to help real farmers, possessing yeal capital, to accomplish, better results in .the way of practical, agriculture. The state land settlement board, a body consisting of five members appointed by the governor of the state, exercised great pains in allotting the settlement Due considerafarms to desirable purchasers. tion was taken of moral character, practical farm experience and financial standlngyvith a view of welding the settlement Into a permanent and pros- ! perous community. Terms of Sale Easy. The cost of the land to the board was $100 per acre for that portion which was susceptible of irrigation, and $10 per acre for that portion that Of-th- e latter there were only was about .700 acres. This land in turn was sold to settlers at an average price of $150 per acre, and the total price of farm units ranged from $3,600 to $15,000. The terms of sale to settlers included a cash payment ,of 5 per cent of the purchase price, with deferred payments extending over a period of 40 years, at 5 per cent Interest. Loans were extended for farmhouses and other permanent improvements up to 60 per cent of their cost with 20 years for repayment. No loan for this purpose was made above $3,000. Very wisely the state land settlement board took cognizance of the vexed question of farm labor and provided for the allotment of two-acr- e tracts for this class of settlers. These lots were eagerly taken. The initial payment on each lot was less than $20, and deferred payments were arranged on the same basis as those made to farm settlers. This arrangement was made with a doubt pur- - STOCKMEN and FARMERS, ATTENTION Never be satisfied with anything but the very best A patented Thermos Trough, built double like a thermos bottle out of reinforced concrete. Keeps the water flfce in a well at all times. For Troughs or territorial, rights, write LARSON-ROMAN CO Cullen Hotel f ENGRAVED WEDDING STATIONERY Announcements Invitations Calling Cards. Your printer is our representative and has complete samples and prices Engraving Co. Jennings-Gottscha-ll . CLEANERS A DYERS. Service. Quality. Clothes insured. Work guaranteed. We pay return postage. Price list on request. Myers Cleaners A Dyers, 114 E. Broadway. Dry Cleaning by Parcel Post. Send your suits, dresses, coats, etc. to us for Master Cleaning and Dyeing." Salts Lakes leading cleaners. We pay return charges. Regal Cleaning 4k Dyeing Co., 156-16- 0 E. 2nd So. MONUMENTS. Writo for catalog. Standard Marble & Granite Co., 117 W. Broadway. For a real good place to eat, follow the crowds to SHAYS CAFETERIA z&ZZzrf&Afl. z Opposite Post Office. coumvjy sceff7ve adviee'as to the planting of crops, purchase of live stock, tools, equipmerit, seed, etc. It also gave valuable advice In the organization of cooperative buying and selling organizations among the settlers; the construction of an extensive scheme of roadsr drains and irrigation works; as "well as advising the farmers as to the best methods of leveling, checking and smoothing their lands and Hie preparation of seed beds and the planting cf seed. In order that no time be lost in the production of crops the first year the board helped the farmers by having a big outfit to prepare land for s seeding and irrigation and actually to put in crops of barley, oats and wheat, taking the pay for the work out of the crop. tO 7A an hour cleaning and shampooing rugs. fsMv Vacuum furnished free. $10 commission oa sales. Dodge Bros., 66 E. First South, Salt Lake. CREAM BOUGHT. Send us your cream. Western Creamery Co., 244 W. Fourth Souths MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS of every description on very easy e, Daynes-BeebSalt Lake. ; pose that of providtng the settlement with a permanent supply of fqrio help and also of raising the standard of general farm help to a higher . level. . . Expert Advice on Tap. The board does all in', its power to guide the collective work of the settlement along safe lines, supplying farm .advisers, farmstead engineers and other experts to help the good work along. It Is the plan of the board to assist the settlement in comwelding itself Into a successful munity, and to inaugurate a system of the most cultural and administrascientific and ' tive methods. , At the very outset the Durham ..settlers organstock breeders association. ized a This was done with the prime object of making the settlement the home of purebred live stock.' The board inculcated the idea of uniform' selection of breeds so that there should be no unto- ' ward mixing of blood. It was agreed that there should he but one or two breeds of cattle, sheep and hogs in the asso-- , ciation. For cattle the Holstein wa3 adopted as the type for dairy stock, and shorthorns for beef purposes. Duroc Jerseys were selected as the desirable type of bugs, and the Bomney Marsh and Kambouillet for the sheep breeds. The exec-utive committee ot the Settlement Live Stock association has done nearly all the buying of live stock for the settlers, thus simplifying and expediting matters. . Ihstead of leaving each of the!. 120 families, composing the settlement, to buy material, find workmen Rnd secure designs for their dwellings and farm buildings the board 'took it upon itself. ; to lend a riost welcome, helping hapd. It aided the settler in their purchase of fencing material, cement, lumber, pipe, etc., in carload lots, thus - saving the new farmers much labor trouble and Insuring them the' best of material at lowest ' . ' . prices. The plans for the new farmhouses and their proper location on the respective farms were worked out with much care by the farmstead engineer under, the eye of the' farmer and his wife . with them. In fact, all the and In, important details of farm Improvement and farm methods have been carried out under the advice of the boards experts, free to the settlers. Nothing In the community has been done In a loose or haphazard manner and under this Jfiodus operand! a model farm community was evolved. In less ... than one year. Help on the First Crop. In the meantime practical . farm development :. was taken up, soil maps consulted, fields, orchards and gardens laid out, and crop production arranged. The board has made Itself the friend and counselor of eacli settler, and has been unstinting . . . ly-in-g - . . . . ' , White Leghorn baby chicks from guaranteed, stock. May $11.50 hd. M with order, balance C O. D. San Jose Poultry Yards, San Jose, Cal. DLDSMOBILE DISTRIBUTORS. Cars ft trucks. Used car bargains. A. E. Tourssen, 447 S. Main. Rings cure your motor troubles. Gill Piston Gill Piston Ring Co., East Fourth South 15 RUBBER HOSPITAL. We cure injured rubber articles. Boots, Shoes, Hot Water bottles. Tires, Tubes, etc. Satisfaction-guaranteed- . Return charges prepaid. Western Rubber Sales Co., 134 E. Broadway, Salt Lake. ELASTIC STOCKING MFRS. Manufacturers abdominal, Maternity supporters. Truss fitters. S. H. Bowmar Co., Brooks Arcade. barley, $1,390.50. The survey and mapping of the settlement land were based largely upon the story told by the soil map. Samples of soil were taken at such intervals as was necessary to make an accurate map of the whole area. With this in nand the sizes of the farms ware determined so as to give considerable choice to intending settlers, keeping each farm within such limits that one family, with the help of one farm hand, could take care of it. Consequently the farms suited to fruit growing were made small, while tlye lands suited to farm crops were laid out in larger units, running as high as 160 acres. In some cases a tract of grain land went with a small tract of fruit land, say, 15 or 20 acres, the two tracts sometimes not being contiguous. The state land settlement board was not insensible to the social needs of the community, consequently it set aside a fine tract of 22 acres as a community center. It is planned to erect upon this ..plot a community hail where different social and business organizations will find meeting rooms. There will, also be laid out and equipped athletic grounds where the boys may play briseball and the girls lawn tennis. Upon this community center is a fine grove of native picnics are held. It Is also the intention of the board to establish on these grounds a voca- -' . tional school. Thus Durham has been made a model rural community. It Is benefited not only by tlie paternal Influence of the state but by the fraternal character of the settlement. 8tate Buys More Land. , The state not only supplies financial backing for the settlers, but It educates them in the .roost farm practices. ' It has Inaugurated both a system of collective buying and of collective selling, thus insuring the settlers against the wiles of sharpers and profiteers. The settlers themselves become Imbued with agricultural ambition and pride. The clpse Intimacy of the settlers begets a common feeling of fraternity. The concentrated nature of the population works for friendliness and sociability, and thus the proverbial dullness of ordinary rural life Is done away with and the life of the farmer seems less Irksome and burdensome, all of which Inures to contentment, happiness and prosperity. ' Acting upon the recommendation of Governor Stephens the California legislature of 1919 appropriated $1,000,009 for continuing tl.e land settlement system, and also authorized a bond Issue of $10,000,000 for a like purpose. Under these provisions the state land settlement board has tract of farm land in purchased a 10.000-acr- e Merced county In the central part of the San Joaquin valley for settlement In the near future, along similar lines as those governing the Dur- ham settlement. In the settlement of this .fecund tract the preference will be given to the men who , served in the war. WELDING, AUTO RADIATORS ft Machinery built and repaired. Best and cheapest. Potter Welding ft Repairing Co., 551 South State. TYPEWRITERS The Baby Fox weighs 8 lbs. I IlLII JUILIw All makes rented and sold. Utah. Office & School Supply, 32 W. Second South 9t. L. D. 8. BUSINESS COLLEGE. School of Efficiency. All commercial branches. Catalog free. 60 N. Main St., Salt Lake City. KID FITTING CORSET PARLORS. Specialists in designing, making, fitting corsets. Hemstitching, embroidering, braiding, accordion-anside pleating. Buttons made. 40 E. Bdwy. VULCANIZING ft RETREADING. Quality and service. Standard Tire Works, 361 So, State. Inventors. Models Made. Key, lock and gunrepairing. Knudson Novelty Co., 355 So. State. SEE YOUR LOCAL PUBLISHER For loose leaf binders, special blanks, records of all kinds He gives Quality Service ATTEND UTAH BUSINESS COLLEGE For Practical Business Education. Boston Bldg. MOLER BARBER COLLEGE. Qualify as barber in few weeks. 43 S. West Temple Street. THE EMBROIDERY SHOP, 334 Clift Bldg. Hemstitching, pleating, machine and hand embroidering, buttons made, expert bead work. - SAVAGE CO., 12 South Main. Fine kodak finishing and enlarging. Artists materials, picture framing, kodaks and films. C. R. ART CO., picture framing, china painters and artist supplies. 366 Main. POST ARDS 0F Y0UR OWN made in small quantities from j our own pictures. Souvenir Novelty Co 31 Richards Street. f SPECIAL RUSH SERVICE secured if you mention this paper when writing above firms. ' INFORMATION DEPARTMENT Commercial information furnished free of charge. Catalogue, supplied and com- mercial Inquiries cheerfully answered. Write any firm above! Do it now! Aristocrats Barred. Dog Fancier There, sir, is a dog that' has won three blue ribbons and has a pedigree as long as your arm. Customer If you dont mhid, Id rather have a dog with whom I can associate on terms of equality. New' York Sun. . Not Much Progress. Not long ago there appeared-i- n a western paper the following; k J'The gentleman who found a with money In Main street is requested to forward it to the address of the loser, ns he was recognized. ... The next day there appeared in the same paper the response, which, although courteous, had an elusive dir: The recognized gentleman who picked up a pocketbook In Main street requests the loser to call at his. lumsa at a conveuioi.t date. Harper's Magpoek-etboo- azine. r , ARTISTS' MATERIALS e . . te POULTRY BOUGHT. For best results ship poultry, eggs and game to Fulton Mkt. Correct Write for prices. weight. Prompt returns. Net Returns to Settlers. ; Here are some of the net returns to individual settlers from 'some of these crops: O. W. Baker, 15 acres of oats, $105; E. O. Messenger, 18 acres of barley, $368.28; William Deveney, 20 acres of barley, $66.10 ; Carl Neilson, 18 acres barley, $476.75 ; A. I. Maxwell, 12 acres barley, $313.40 ; E. E. Will, 47 acres barley, $696.38; Joseph N. Thornton, 54 acres wheat, $624.50 ; Frank M. Hall, 47 acres barley, $955.15 ; Roy White, 60 acres oaks-..wher- terms-Wri- Confetti, Balloons, Paper Hats, Novelties, Etc. Write.for Prices. U S Wholefale Co. Box 2193. 1 The farm laborers of the settlement were enabled to earn from' $2.50 to $3.50 per day, with board, or $4.50 without board.' Carpenters were day of eight hours and were enpaid $5.25-pe- r abled to improve their allotments outside of the ' .... working hours. These settlement farm laborers have the option of either working inside or outside of the colony. They are permitted, as soon as they are financially competent, to purchase larger farms, aud thus become proprietary or employing farmers. The offices of the California state land settle-meboard do not cease with the mere buying and selling of this land, leaving the settlers to Shift for themselves. The most important work comes after the settlers have selected farms and have begun the arduous task of producing a revenue that will enable them to pay for and equip their new homes. . Down the marble stairs. RUBBER STAMPS A STENCILS. Seals and ear tags aho made. Send for samples, prices etc. Salt Lake Stamp Co., 65 W. Broadway. In six-tent- ! - |
