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Show .f THE SALT LAKE TRIBUNE,' SUNDAY MORNING, APRIL 8, 1923. ( me unofficial suggestion has proba a perpetuation of armed peace, a bly been conveyed from Washington, promise of ultimate war, This ia pretty clear teatlmony to the Yet It Is not difficult to forecast that German bad that if tha French end the Belgians feneral conviction the paat makes any Inter' ere left to themselves, if --they, obventlon impossible. tain no assurances from their allies of the wsr, the experiment of a RhineWork! Interested.- land free state may be For, If you concede, as seems to ms The world is Interested, economical- even would the Inevitable, that experiment ly at least. In the restoration of be both doubtful end dangerous, it Is peace. Politically, too, all countries the single expedient which might give that permanent occupation recognise even for a brief of the Ruhr by the French, or any promiseof of security the eventual Whatever time. period would apterritorial changes whh-some years would cerproximate a new - partition of German consequence, be would before pass Germany tainly territories, would- in the end he sure able to attack end that would be to lead to a new war, in which all contrasted with as of tha world would be Involved, as It something, was In the last. Therefore there is a world Interest in the settlment which Debate Certain. must follow the present conflict But It Is not less manifest that a which Now, It Is fust this cettlsment now will have to contain must be debated whenquestion st last the new and satisfactory provisions for Ruhr wsr Is over Assume, and It French security, even before It fur- seems a safe assumption, that some nishes a basis for the liquidation of time In thy next few months Geri reparations, and it is undeniable that man resistance will be starved out. if there is no conceivable arrangement surrender does net. anttgfpate this between France and Germany which solution. Then Germany must would be accepted by either as tol and Belgium and ask crable. let alone acceptable If the for terms France and Belgium will question of security la' left to the then be in a position to impose terms, French alone to determine that la, with to reparations but they If France, without any pledge of aid cannotrespect actually Impose terms, either from any other nation, la left to seek with respect to reparations or of sesecurity at German expense a bad curity, without consulting Italy, which settlement will result. has lent moral support to their acThe settlement will be bad because tion, or of Great Britain, whose offithere ia no way that French security cial position has been ons of benevocan be Insured save by soma form lent neutrality. of alienation of tha Rhineland. Ws are. then, bound to see some The French themselves, the great mass of new and Imposing conference within anare to the Frenchmen, year, and at this eonferenc not totally opposed nexation of German territory. They only will tha whola question of a Eudo not desire to add a large popula ropean settlement, so far as Germany tion of protesting Germans to repeat Is concerned, be raised, but the whole the German experience in Alsace -- Lor- debate will center about the double rarne One - may- - dismiss a out -- of question of security, and reparations, the reckoning any proposal to advance with the chief emphasis laid upon se- - e)e. Germans Now Recognize Futility of Hope of Outside ' Intervention. Settlement Must Meet Demands of France and for Safety. Belgium By FRANK M. 6IMONOS. t The Tribune. WASHINGTON. April 7. While the lege 07 the Ruhr drags on comparatively uneventfully, it is poaaibla to note that the situation la clarifying, lowly but surely. Various attempts of 8tlnnes and other Germans In Italy, berth In conference once with epresentatives of Mussolini and with American financial and Industrial Bpedel v leaders, have earved to bring home to the Germane the unpleasant fact that there la no escape in that direction, "while representations at London have bad the same futile ending Outwardly the struggle In the Ruhr shown no sign of a termination. One can discover that there has been, on the whole, a rather marked decrease in the number of acta of violence There la less promise now than a month ago of any general rising or any onset of a guerrilla war. borne foreign eorrespoodents report an appreciable decline in the spirit of resistance within the Ruhr; others are certain that the resistance can and will continue for a long time. It Is clear now, however, that the chances of foreign intervention sre approximately nil; the Germane have been told flatly In Rome, Brussels and London that they must approach the French and the Belgians with a direct proposal. Something of the -- the French frontier to the left hanlt curity. Granted that France and Belof the Rhine. gium will not at once seek to impose their own terms upon Germany, that Neutral Zone Desired. thev will recognise the rights of thslr allies in the premises, certain former On the other hand. It is plain that hava to bs no settlement satisfactory to France pledges will nevertheless furnished by these allies. can be thought of which does not in One may safely conclude that In some way neutralize the Rhineland, a conference the British will Inneutralise It In such fashion that It such that no German territory he taken cannot he used again as the lumping-of- f sist by France, that no German territory piece for the nest German attach. shall be temporarily alienated by the how can any neutralisation creation But of some sort of Rhineland scheme be worked out which does not But when this British view Is impair- - German sovereignty I .To create ntod then France Is certsln to. one or mors separate states, made meet It with an Inquiry a to what up of territory along the Rhine, with iruarantoea tha British naor without the Ruhr, would be mere uprrlflc France, protion to prepared to ly to establish states whose Indepen- vided. Germany undertake to attack dence would have to be guaranteed as Rhineland the France strain, using by French bayonets, both against Gerpoint And the same Inman attack and against ths attempt a starting oome from the wil Belgians. quiry of the Rhinelanders themselves to lp Germany. . Any neutralised state, any Rhlna-lan- d would be a creation republic, without suiy sanction of the people directly concerned. - The Inhabitants would as certainly look forward to rejoining Germany as did tha people of Venetia and Piedmont cherish the hope of entering an Italian kingdom a oentury ago.. Any free Rhineland so-hit kin, then, would be no more than Back on Old Ground. case of such an attack they would without heaitation com to the aid It waa the tripartite treaty of Insurance which abolished ths discussion of ths Rhineland at Paris, Now, when the whole problem is debated, anew, the old alternativo must coma to ths fora. French security, from the FYench point of view, is obtainable in two ways. First, by ths creation of one or more buffer states along the Rhine, stales which would he independent alike of Germany and of France, but actually could only be preserved by the presence of French garrisons at the Rhine bridgeheads Second, some form of contract signed by Great Britain and probably Italy which would insura the moving of British and Italian soldiers in case of German offensive operations. No guarantee which the Germans could givs would satisfy ths French, hfor reasons which need no emphasis; believe German only a fool would promlseq after what has happened in the past ulna years. But if a British guarantee were given and given in unfuaiifled and unmistakable terms it is still possible that tha French people would be prepared to abandon tha alternative, which ia the neu trallxation of the left bank of tho Rhine It la not perhaps certain, but it is by no means Improbable. of France. Solution Offered. Lord Robert Cecil, bow In this country, has suggested some form of buffer state under the shadow of the league of nations a proposal which has found a measure of approval both in England and in ths United States but much less tn France. Tha trouble la that the league of nations has only moral influence and moral influence had very little restraining fore, for the Germans in 1914. Franca will not trade her opportunity to take physical guarantees against the promise of a pronouncement by the league of nations, against Oermany, if Germany once more runs amuck. Now, as I see It, ths single chanoe to avert a new Rhine settlement which will be In reality an unsettlement and will lead inevitably to new conflicts or in the end lead Franca to pursue toward Germany a policy which will lead to German ruin and European chaos must he found tn the willing- the European nations of'Great Britain and Italy particularly; to offer Francs and Belgium promises of support. definite and unqualified pledges in case of a new German aggression. You must see that when ths Ruhr conflict is over, France will stand In the position of a victor, France and Belgium. They have made a new war in defense of their rights estaba lished by the former struggle and red by the peace era which followed ths armistice of November, 1918. They will have, by virtue of their victory, the unmistakable right to demand certain things as the fruit of their battle and of their sacrifice. Some of the things they demand will unmistakably conflict with the rlghla, real or fancied, of the other partners of tha world war, but they will not waive these without ""f Im-p- We are, then, right back at tha critical point In the Paris conference. to Clemenc.su was waive all French claims to the left for hank of the Rhine, claims which sehim had no other meaning than United States curity. provided the and Great Britain, on their part, wera prepared to give assurance that In then-prepa- red Security Main Demand. The Ruhr war began over a question of the nonfulfillment by of pertain agreements made tn the treaty of Versatile and subsequent and subsidiary .contracts, But in ths course of the struggle, es almost always happens, new objectives wera developed. Thus the Ruhr struggle which had its occasion in reparations has grown into a conflict over the whole present and future relations of France and Belgium; it has become a struggle to insure for these sin tea not merely or primarily reparations, but security, and security will be the first demand made by them, when (ha Ruhr war hue ended Ger-i.wi- ALARM CLOCK, VACUUM BOTTLE AND INGERSOLL WATCH PRICES ARE ADVANCING. BUY NOW AT THESE PRICES Wake U D to these Special Alarm Clock Opportunities Belk .SPECIAL Timer $!. tO' Soott Miniltq Hour Alarm The last alarm' dock efficiency, 'and Jet us explain, British and ths French, and the latter are almost oertaln to pursue an independent policy In Fkirope, one detail of which will be to aeek security against Germany at all coats. But in any such conference as Is likely one must reckon with tha presence of Mussolini, who is for obvious reasons eager to play a shining part n a foreign conference, for Its effect upon Ins home situation. Ho far Italy has fared very badly In con fere nee and one of the reasons for Fascist! success has been the failure of the various cabinets to win for Italy either material or moral advantage in the vanoua conferences from Paria onward. Big Ben Alarm Clocks. Big1 Ben Luminous Dial Alarm Clocks. .. Baby Ben Alarm Clocks. Baby Ben Lnminoua Dial Alarm Clock..,.' Ingersoll Watches Indispensable for men who carry their lunches. Complete with Jyottle - Goad coat. In Universal Vacuum Bottles f srSt gsrsell at trivial Britain in Bad Standing. Yankee Watch Now Mussolini, by contrast srith Nltti and Nittl s predecessors to by no means Anglophile He regards British treatment of Italy since the war as vary unsatisfactory, notably with respect of Flume and of the G re war His support, moral at least, of French policy toward Germany in (he Ruhr affair was a rather brusque way of reminding the British that Italy was capable of playing a lone hand and could not be counted upon to follow British leading blindly and without commensurate rewards. Mussolini in any conference will unmistakably endeavor to take a middle ground between Britain and FYance. but hta sympathy is more Hkelv to be with France than with Britain. Italy's vote can be had by the British if at all, only by sweeping concession which would amount to an endorsement of the whole Italian Adriatic and Mediterranean, As it stands, it Aegean policies- would be esaier for the French to reach an agreement with (he Italians than the British, despite certain patent obetacles in existing and traditional national attitudes. It is not safe to assume, however that any conference will be limited to Britain, Italy, Belgium and France on the one side and Germanyon the other. On the contrary, the French are sure to insist that Poland and both neighbors of Germany and both menaced by German policies, shall be admitted, and assuming that they are admitted, their votes are almost certain to fall with the French. France, therefore would occupy much the same position that she held at Genoa, having Belgium. 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Store, Kenyon Hotel Comer -- LADY Belf-fllle- -- - e Operate Our Own Kodak Finishing Plant your films. tu We pay return postage. j , J ia faavg-italy-- Neighbors Prefer France. ad ivya.il All tho neighbor of Germany, who have good reason tor fearing a German effort to regain territories rightly ceded to them after the world war, must see in the French army the single sure guarantee of their own integrity and must in the nature of things see tn French security their own safety. Certainly all of them would prefer to see h h dissenfriendship to sions, but, in the last analysis, they would be bound to stand with France, and the upshot would he that the British would be left standing alone with the Germans, a position which would be neither pleasant nor particular y strong. Of course, the whole balance might be shifted If the Untied States were represented at such a conference and .took the British aids, which to at least possible; but if America Is to be present and to take a deflnita stand. It wtll have to back up th stand, with two contributions; first a resuscitation of the old h American .guarantee; second, a cancellation of the continental debts to the United Anglo-Frenc- Anglo-FYem-- I and TuesdayNUT Candy Specials Monday BUTTER. SCOTCH MALLOW MINTS WAFERS malt In your mouth - 10a , "r Pound 20c 33c &lb- - 20c " 37c g Anglo-FYenc- Hi i7r t IN, tx -- Slates Unless tha Untied States were prepared to Join Britain In a guarantee of France against German eattack, ths FYench would regretfully, but not less emphatically, reject American advloe. They would still, with the support of moat, if not all, of the continental nations look to physical rather than moral guarantees, and find them on the Rhine, and not in any paper pledges. f on policy. Since the United State government has been expressly deprived by congress of the nght to cancel the allied debts, and sine thera to nothing to suggest that the American people are prepared to accept such a serious commitment as a treaty guaranteeing French security against German aggression, it seems very unlikely that wa shall play, or attempt to play, any considerable role in any naw conference. Granted that Europe desires end needs our help, Europe has very clear notions aa to what constitutes help, and they are totally at variance with "our own. It seem idle to repeat that reparations has becoma a minor circumstance and that any such expedient aa rt Secretary Hughes' com mission of to fix tbs German .capacity to pay has no hearing upon a debate which turns not upon German payments, hut upon French security. It will not be possible now to get back to a discussion of German payments until (he problem of French and Belgiart security Is disposed of, and if it is left to FTance and Belgium alone to dispose of tha problem, there Isnt much need of talking about reparations at alL v ox-pe- Britain Isolated. . The withdrawal of the United States ha left Britain isolated in Europe, her influence is very slight and there is no present readiness on ths part of her population to bear ths burdens incident to restoring that Influence. She must be prepared to save Germany, if she la going to challenge French policies, while refusing to assist In insuring French security. All ths continental nattona are her debt-or- a all insist that If reduction of German reparations is the necessary preliminary to tha revival of British trade, the costs of this reduction shall be borne by Britain through a cancellation of continental indebtedness and a corresponding reduction In the Sum of reparationa But the British see that any such cancellation would at one time deprive them of the political value of (he debts and leave them to carry on their own shoulders the burden of their indebtedness to the United States. All British policy must then be concentrated in finding a way to collect from Oermany and from Britain's war allies sufficient sums to mest the American debt But in exactly the same way all the continental states are bound to Insist that Germany be made to pay enough to rebuild their ruins and repay the American and Brltiah debts. Tou can see, then, how difficult Is going to be the task of the next world conference It will have to wrestle with the problem of how to prevent the partition of Germany to Insure French security but the only substitute It can choose is Some form of British guarantee of French and Belgian aerurtty which will satisfy French and Belgian demands and yet be acceptable to a BrlUsiy nation which at the present moment is bitterly critical of France and opposed to any foreign Cancellation Essential victoriously. If the British government, when Such a conference will have to find Germany has surrendered and nego some tiations are evened, assumes ths po- man way .of fixing the sum of Ger-of reparations within the limits sition of forbidding' French acquisition of security, vetoes all proposals German capacity, which is pretty fairto a'l parties now. But this for ths creation of a Rhineland free ly knownwill hardly be possible unless state while making no offer of mili- fixation there Is some cancellation or reductary aid In case of new German ag- tion of owed by the contithe debts gression, then the result will be an open and final break between the nent to the Untied States and Oreat $1.50 OnfrD&y Tims Alarm, Top Universal Lunch Set 80 much for America and security; but aU the continental nations would stand together on tha proposition that if the United Elates and Great Britain advocated a reduction of ths sum of German reparation, then they would have to b prepared themselves to share the oosta of such a reduction and their share would patently be the debts owed to them by the nations asked to consent to tho reduction of reparations totals; but if the United State declined to make any of tha sacrifice then her Influence would be rapidly diminished, her motives would be regarded as purely sordid, or commercial.'' to use Lord Balfours term, and the continental states would be drawn together by what seemed to them seKish Anglo-Sax- Britain, because the continental nations are definitely determined that German and not their own shoulders shall bear both the burden of reconstruction of devastated areas and foreign loans, made to provide arms and material for resisting German attack. Moreover, a circumstance never to be overlooked, all German policy will be directed at getting the allies by tha ears, producing and promoting differences and fishing In troubled waters generally. For Germany it la Just as important to escape payments as it is for her creditors to get them. Someone Is going to be crippled, if not ruined; perhaps everybody, therefore everybody is. accordingly, going to strive to avoid carrying the burden. Again, one of the gravest sources of difficulty is going to be agreement upon terms for the evacuation of the Ruhr German promises are worthless, the single assurance France and Belgium have of payment must corns through the presence of an army of eccupation, but as long as the army remains any settlement Is mostly Imaginary. To get peace the French and Belgians must go, but If they go. how un earth can German performance be insured Anglo-Fren- Situation Changes. 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France, moreover, feeling herself tricked and defeated at Paris and since Pans cheated out pt the profits which were promised her In mum for the most considerable contribution to the common victory, feeling herself abandoned In the presence of a revengeful enemy, is not likely to surrender her advantages again as she did at Paris, eava for far more substantial pledges from her former aU lea. The power Is in her hands; it may be wise or foolish for her to nse it. but she to certain to use Itr If such use appears the single if inadequate, -means of Insuring her own security. The notion Americans must get out of their minds once for all is that the economic problems rank first in the present European mess. Ths for nations, question of life or death as for Individuals, come before all others, and for France and Belgium the question of life or death la at stake. By contrast, the British government, whatever Its own feelings to may be, cannot give guarantees France, save as they sre approved by the mass of the British people, who are apparently in no mood to give guarantees. single-hande- Cxerho-Slovak- d, ia Queston Not Economic. H the European problems were exclusively or even mainly economic, then there might he come easy access eva-slo- n to them for the Untied States, but will not bs folfowed by German of snv conGscts which msy be fact 18 that they are poths patent litical primarily. No economic solution can be found until the political has been agreed upon. YouYnust first settle the conditions, the political conditions, under which France and Belgium on the one hand, and Germany on ths other, are to live side by aide, before vou can take up the of any or economic rehabilitation of aiL France, with Belgium, ia going in stay in the Ruhr until some way is found to insurs that neither will be exposed to the danger of German Invasion without a compensating guarantee of British assistance. France and Belgium are going to retain their foothold on the Rhine until there to some degree of certainty that when their Goods . retire, the wsehdrawal -- made, whether political or financial. Fear Not Imaginary. Too manv people. In their eagerness td see world peace restored, have forand Belgotten the origin of FYench Yet no on has gian apprehension. moral Justification yet discovered any for th German Invasion of Belgium, nor yet anv evidence that th German people regard that invasion as morally unaarrsnled. In a word, when the crime of the 4914 invasion grows with the examination of the evidence showIt had been ing how king in advance planned, nothing is diecolned on the German side to suggest that Germany would refrain from a new invasion. If it opportunity again beckoned ' seemed to iu August. 1914, Ths reason France and Belgium inupon security now is not iMwauee one or both have anv imperialistic aspirations, but because both have still ths unhealed scars resulting from a which recent invasion was unprovoked. Y'ou can't dismiss German performances In 1914 and thereafter as ancient history snd then reasonably berate the nations which suffered for seeking some protection against a repetition of ths crime of 1914. Neither French nor Belgian appre hension are imaginary. On the con-- 1 trary, the substantial evidence that they are real is spread all the day Irom Liege to Noyon. It may be that the stay of Freni h and Belgian troops on the Rhine will promote new wars, hut Is there any reason under heaven for supposing that If the French and Belgian troops come away, tho danger sist -- of new wars will be banished If, as ths FYench and Belgians believe ths Germans mean to make new wars anyway, then th single question is whether It is better for France and Belgium to have a new war begin at the Rhine or the Meuse, at Frankfurt or at Liege. , The real problem Is alt here. Those who argue that n , policy promises new wars, refuse to face th fact that German policy, Gorman purpoM, may fuat aa well insure new war, as it did of old. whether the French stay at Maence or retire to Met It is not enough to French policy of military prove that of the left bank of the Rh(neoccupation will Insure a new war. It is Just as essential to prove, If Frenchmen sre to be Influenced, that French retirement Continued m Fife Frmnco-Belgia- f.re JtM |