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Show THE OGDEN a1" 11,1 1 7 11 ' "l" - tCV Ave 11 it X :m nVuk'.t r JikA " r I . a s V ".."".. v;,-,:- ' - 5 ' . .' '.'-- r r ;i-'V- ';..... . ..-- . - SUNDAY MORNING. OCTOBER 9. 1921. R - 'f " 1i STANDARD-EXAMINE- f l f i n - I I . . - . . ... , ..c.j.vy , , . - . 5 ...1 M -- e t- n v i . jU , : I'll t f, ' . J) 3 n n 5 4 i X : . y i f V( V 7&ftCVw' ; 4&4 ".-Jilr- ' r ' f "-j- N , , k:: V r :A U : V .J-i v..,te-j..-4;-r-.-- t ' ' ' .5 ,4 ' . . - r,; . vi;.-v;- -. . . -- . 'S V . s y. 'i. -... ...V,' l:.f j :- V r ' i - r ; 'w i ThU Portrait - - . i - . ; 4 - . ' y, - - . - . - - . -,-- '- of Columbus U Held by Many, to .. Exhibit V Columbus Giving an Account of His American Voyage to the Spanish Court. Semitic y Now a Commission of Spanish Educators Will - t, " i TT w singular appropriateness, on the very ere of Columbus Day,. the Spanish! Government has announced r the activities of a royal commission to investigate Christophei WITH Columhus. And among other very personal questions to bp placed before the Investigating body and for which, it is expected, .answers may be found, are the satisfactory following: Who was Christopher Columbus? Where wa3 le born and what was his nationality? War ho Spaniard or Italian, Jew. or Gentile, Genoese navigator or Greek pirate? The world has never really known. School children in Spain are taught that Cclumbus was a Spaniard. School teachers in other countries contend that he was an Italian. One scholar even advances the claim that Columbus was an Irishman. vvtvat is the actual truth? The answers may be announced within the next few weeks. A distinguished cf students and savants, dedicated tobody the task of unrolling the veil of four centuries and establishing the facts of Christopher Columbus' birth and family tree, is already holding Its preliminary sessions in this ancient city of Castile. The Christopher Columbus investigating commission is composed of members of the Royal Geographic Society, representatives of the Archlvo de las Indlas, historians, archeologlsts and even psychologists. Before them they have a great mass of Their search will be exhaustive. Before It is over they hope to make certain lor all time the truth about the man, who discovered America in 1492. Among the claims the commission will consider are these: The! old story, long credited; but of late proclaimed false, that Columbus was born in Genoa; newly discovered documents Indicating he was born in the Province. of Galicia, Spain; the claim cf fifteen Italian towns that each was the ex?loiers birthplace; evidence that he was a Spaniard; evidence that he was an Italian; evidence that he was a Jew; JWclloy'fe theory that he was Irish; Goodrich's assertion thathe was a Greek pirate, and much other interesting evidence. The commission has unearthed ajready many interesting sidelights on the ancestry end life of this remarkable man. The origin of Columbus "has always been one of history's great mysteries. Early historians disagreed about it His owrl contemporaries did not know whence he Came. His very sons, his brothers and his otherrelatlves professed their Ignorance. "My father wanted throughout his life to keep his origin and native land unknown and uncertain," wrote the navigator's second son, Fernando. 'I have heard people say that Columbus Is a Genoese, but I do not know what his native land Is," declared Pedro Arana, brother of Dona Beatrice Enrlquez, who was an affinity of the great discoverer, himself a man who accompanied Columbus on Severn 1 voyages, lent him money and was his i . i " i. yfrrj of ColumoutA .,, J t fact, in the opinion of historians, destroys Genoa's claim as the birthplace of the navigator. : Other Itallaar cities cln'ming the nativity of Columbus Savona iletto, Oneglia, Alblzola, Boglasco, Pi Timate. prac-tleM- ly Cos-sr-ssl- . y f. a, Terrarosa, Calv., Jorsica, Finale, Quinto, Chiavarl, Palestrella, Plasenza and t IsVrvi advance evidence more flimsy than. Genoa's. But in Ihe search for the Da Colon family, students of history have finally found it in the city of Pontrevedra, Prov-Inc- e of Galicia, country of Spain. At the same time other documents have been unearthed which seem to give Pontrevedra a better right than that of any other city to boast Columbus as its own son. It is this newly presented evidence which, the Spanish Government's commission Is particularly desirous of probing. According to this evidence, Columbus was born in Pontrevedra in 1436; his fathet was Dcmingo de Colon, a wool stapler; his mother was Susanna Fonterosa, who belonged to a Jewish ramily converted to Christianity. The boy studied Latin in a convent, went to sea when he was fourteen and later emigrated to Genoa with hi family. The Pontrevedra documents were collected by Dr. Celao Garcia de la ItelgSL a scholar famous for his research In Galiclaa history. Among them are contracts dated at Pontrevedra in which Columbus' father, (?urabus sister and the family of Colum bus s mother figure. Tho name j "de Colon frequently appears in these documents, as does the name of "Fonterosa," which was the family name of the mother of Columbus. One document Is a lease of a piece of land bordering "the estate of Cristobal de Colon." There the Investigator is brought face to face with the name la Spanish of Columbus himself. , i 4 4 l """ Ml... : : V- I - several reaaons for this alleged decepuox It was easy for a Gallcian to pan him-a:- lf off as a Genoese, since the lanrua cuatoms and of the two were almoat Idea--. II. . 4 t The Discoverer and His Sons, Diego and Ferdinand, from a Painting. Ileal It was wisdom to bids his Galiclaa extraction bcaue. if It were know a that he was part Jew, the Catholic monarch -- ty; .. J .;.j... . ; would noTer have UT h'ped him. Again, this waa wU, because Galicia was a region especially hated by tho Catholic ruler. Isabella ia rarUcular. Fourth, the very name cf Genoa added to a mariner's preitigc, alncu tha city waa r.ntcd as a seaport and famous for its sailors. Laat, bcauao his family bad l!Td ta Genoa for a It was not bard for : tlx. 3 Columbus Coat of y --- ;' t": as Evidencing ns, Regarded .sh Rather Than Italian Origin " -.-- lLh"thirTndnIteri.l"Tl-dencf- , pssums that Columbus got his Crt sea training around the coast of Galicia aal the nelghbhortng aborts of PortaraL In one cf these aiphcavala, according to Dr. IUiga, --th father of Columbca, Domingo de Colon el Moto (the young), let fire to the homes of several rich taca and forced to Cee. He scroarht Gnoa and later, settled at tho nearby town of Saono, wher ho traded la wools. Dr. Helta briars to the Spanlih GovernDt." Itelsa, , , ... ..... . 1. ' intimate for years. Since even his closest friends and kin did not know the birth and antecedents of Columbus, Is it any wonder that modern authorities are hard put to it to answer the query; "Where was he born?" Genoa generally was given as the city, but the only evidence to support Genoa's claim jwas the reference by Columbus in a heraldic declaration to" "Genoa, wnicb I left and where I was born." That document was the will and testament of Columbus, and in another paragraph he air but, refutes his own statement. For he vided that, in case his nearest of kin were dead, his property should go to his family Jlne, the "de Colon." In all Genoa history : IB docu-miect- s. -- ry-- a Famous .... there was no family of that name; this MADRID, To the Left, ...... fainting Settle Whether the Ex- poorer was an iiaaan or a Galiciaiia Jew or Gentile 'WITT ., Facial Character utics. jr- - "f-vi- - r; k ;v' w .':-!'r- :y,r S' u yfyPryy-l- : - . yy ment's commiailoa other Tl3enc9 his claim. The gTeat aitrosorser, aup-tcrtl-ng i ' " . .... ....... . v x' ' -- 'f ' -' . '' . " Am" -- - , " " - '. ; j - ' k - x , - Toscanelll, gave Columbus tho famous map he took on his first voyage la anarch of a shorter routs to India. ToacanelU. the show, believed Columbus to b a as one of hia letters to ths Portcyutie,shoTTa. It was vident Colam-ba- a narlgator had cot. boron at that l!m to clatm Genoa as hia birthplace. Why did he latr lead peoplt to bellert Genoa wa th city of his natlTlty? tht The answer to that qucatloa InvolTea still ar.cther issue th possible- Jew it h parent of Columbus oa bla mothcr'a tide. Not until he presented h!ra4lf before tho Catholic kinga of CaatUla and Aragon, sreklnjt financial aid for his explorations, did Columbus declare hlrnielf a Genoese. rroponenta of the Galiclaa theory asatga Serrtc, Xae. Grt fcntAa EifiU Ucj-rd- . -- (C) 1021. Intcmllool Ttur - Cc'.umbus to Tsiurr." Jiwa were being persecuted and exiled by tho thousands. Again, tho writings cf Columbus aro pointed out as showing a marked lafuesco Cf Plblo atudy In a period when the llit'.o wis read scarcely at all In Spain, sate by priests and a very Tew latellectala, although otery Jew knew tho Old Testaruent (;ot cover to cover. Tfct letters and books cf travel written ty Cclumt-u- abound ia Kiblic-a- l phraseology . chopped syntax such aauiesj la tho Bible, anort and flowtrr ar ntcacca. fantastic descrijtiona cf nature, extravagant rr,ea;hcra, lavocalicnt to tho heavent and Dlbllcal names, such aa Israel. Drid, Jerusalera. Judah and tho King cf IiraeL Columbua even wrclo a "Back of all cf which, declare t'.itcri-ai'repbeeif of ihla school, indicate a Semitic orgla.- Personal characteristics cf Coluabus aro cited by lutportera cf tho Jewish theory to raost intlmato ttrengthea their caae. His friend, tho Pather cf La a Caaa, ho htra when eieryono tad abandoned t'na. aaiu he tad aa caglo r. cs , prcslctnt ofi'Mtk benff and !lelr eye. Ho waa fTaricicui and querulous, atvbborclr la matters cf mcney and prliiegta. Ho thouihl himself tho "znessmger of JtJioTah," To tho S;r.Uh kings he pro ICXkJ tc recsurr Palestine frcni tho 'I t'rkj with rtchea to would trtng frcra tlo a m Advocates of the thory that Columbus wat rot a Genoese, but la truth a Galirian Spaniard, and a half Jew, are calling the psychologists to their assistance. Thraa aro atruck by the. sentence on which tho Genoese baso their claim for Colcrstrua 'nlenoa, which I lrft and whr I waa bom." They ask "why should Columbus aay first taat ho left the place (hlch waa true) and then that to w bo m la It? AS'ould It not more natural to tay, int. that he was bora la Genoa ard then that h left itr They clain tho second phrase cnmo as aa aftertfccurht and rame wjih rcluctaccfl because Columbus he5tate4 to wrlto dtwa a lie. Oa tho other hand, tbo Genoene adro-ca'.contest th!a view ca tho gronnd that Cclunibua, by rrVisg aa ho did. mcr!r sought to emphasize tho fact that b left rot merely Genoa, but tho city cf h!i birthplace. Ho niter. Ia fact, wrote la Italian or tho Genoeso dialect. All hia iook, all his Ten a letter written to thu city letters ccuocil cf Genoa and all hia ir.timato no-eand taargtr.a! remarta en hit were either ia CaiUUiaa or la Iatin. Uot So much for tho contcctioa that Colun:-bu- j was a CaHciaa. Now, at to tho over hl Gentilo or Jewish criitla. dUputo Tfco Galiclaa hlttoriant contend that tho nother of Columbus called f sarr.a, that he- - father waa called Jacob, that her Paternal grandfather waa Jacob and ether rclaUtea wero Abraham. Fearer and ether ajicieal Hebrew ciaei. No Geatil farily adopted such iu.nea at a Ust nhea tho es u de-fe4-e4 bar-trrl- 1: d'. Nurrsercua ng ether pcinta lend credtace to Gal '.c la a and t,e thrcry or Jewish extraction. tut texk to rany iari iat Jewa oa hia shirt, jaaf, waa to tea going to ccnTert the Indiana to Christianity, ta prilled pie, Tho Interpreter cf Ccir. a said to hate l tho white maa to ca American toll, whea Ccl-mret lvndfd at the island to callod Guanahanl. c:, of the Bahamas. lu. int fc-o- t Ka Ail ci.th.ia rrare of co-nter-- etf eTlder. tfr,vfr sr cr'ect-- i who do net accept mili, ty thevso tho CaHciaa je-i- h a:rt4 trn being theory tr tho errage tho ccm2lngV,hta tpanisaf G3ttmmnt they rally rr.ake knowa their Cndinga to the wcrld the resaU will c a the K?t authrratlre Ma lU'e and parentage, t:nh aiuctsu that the wrld ta.a ever known. ccr-ii:s'.;- tt t'-ar-y n- 1 |