OCR Text |
Show LEHI FRESS PRESS, LEIII, UTAH Poland. Not Danzig. Is Germany's Ambition In Europe's Newest Crisis, Observers Claim " VX7-- PENINSULA POLISH FORTS HEL N . B m0m C f NATIONAL AFFAIRS Reviewed by CARTER FIELD l Amazing angles turn up in battle Ilooseielt is waging over amendment to the neuSentiment trality law . . seems to be that Senator orris of ebrashti is due for a deflating . . . Monetary bill ii not lihelv to become an issue in the coining presidential ll eamjHiign. jP Ml POLAND There's a Way to Avoid War lv Making Free City Really Free, but Hitler Can't Weaken He's a Dictator! By NORBERT KLEIN (Released by Western Newspaper L'mon peasant looked over a rippling Polish barley. He figured it meant war. His grandfather told him that 1812 also brought a record crop to Poland and the next winter came Napoleon. He himself remembers 1914's record crop; the World war started WARSAW. A six-fo- sun-tann- ed ot that year. Poland will have another bumper crop this year. This peasant neither knows nor cares that some Prussian statesman said "he who con-- f trols Bohemia rules Europe." long after they had disappeared Bohemia is far away to the elsewhere. Danzig even outlived Poland. south. But he does know Frederick the Great came along and cares intensely about a late in the Eighteenth century and the Great for the first time this remark Frederick once dropped: "Whoever rules the mouth of the Vistula rules Poland, notwithstanding who is king there!" He cares about this because Danzig lies at the mouth of the Vistula, a city where Poland's vast world trade naturally finds outlet to the Baltic sea. But Germany wants Danzig, the Poles want independence, and everyone knows Frederick the Great was right. Not Vital to Germany. This is why the Poles get nervous when Nazi Leader Albert Foers-te- r parades his storm troopers in Danzig or hurls threats of Berlin interference unless Warsaw lets the Free City go back to the Reich. For Danzig itself is a minor consideration. Poland knows, and Nazis admit, that Danzig is not in the least vital to Germany, as it is to Poland. Moreover, everybody admits that the Free City itself is but a stepping stone in Adolf Hitler's shrewd plan to bring Poland under his power. He's read about Frederick the Great. Danzigers themselves watch this impending battle with little enthusiasm. A few of the bolder, less of them follow Fuehrer Foerster through the streets but the burghers want only cne thing, peace. Danzig may be only 4 per cent Polish and 96 per cent German, but the Free City owes allegiance to no one but itself. Indeed, should Germany take control, Danzig would immediately drop in importance as Poland forced all her seagoing trade through the new artificial harbor she has created for this very purpose, Gydnia. Traditionally a Free City. Danzigers have only to recite their history to realize that the present status is far superior to anschluss with the Reich. Until the Twelfth century this seaport was but a fishing village where Lu- beck sea captains began stopping when they found it a breaking-poin- t for their long journeys along the Baltic seacoast. Soon they began trading salt and cloth for furs, amber, grain and timber, and Danzig began its modern life as a trading post. An unpleasant chapter in its history took place November 14, 1308, when Teutonic knights returning irom Palestine assumed an unex attitude by pectedly massacring 10,000 Danzigers and taking possession of the city Germans had been coveting for years. But these men were master builders and the Danzig they created still stands, characterized by the Etockturm, the the Swan or Fish tower and such great churches as St. Mary, St. John and St. Catharine. Became Allied With Poland. This regime lasted until 1454 when Poland's king, who had ceaselessly lought an outlet to the Baltic, won Upport of overseas powers in a tattle against the Hansa and the Teutonic order. Danzig, its defender gone, saw it must find a new one or be absorbed by Poland. V So the Danzigers did a surprising thing. They disarmed Poland's king by entering into a personal union wiih him that lasted until 171)3. During this period the city existed as en independent republic and exercised those extraordinary privileges, "staple right" and "jjuvst right" independent Hanseatic city fell under a foreign rule. It remained thus until the treaty of Versailles again made it free in 1918. Thus, in the present crisis, it would be more in keeping with Danzig's history and present function if it were to remain free. Poles Remember 1900 Uprising. Why the argument, then? For one thing, Danzig did a foolish thing in 1920 by proving disloyal to Poland during the 1920 Bolshevik invasion. The smart government fathers at Warsaw could foresee this perfidy popping up again and threatening their precious outlet to the sea. So they built Gydnia from a small fishing village into the Baltic's No. 1 seaport, a city of 130,000 inhabitants lust year cleared 9.173.487 tons (if freight and 43,205 pas- sengers. As Gydnia's trade has expanded, Danzig's has diminished. This, nat- urally, is Danzig's chief complaint against Warsaw. But the Poles quickly point out that Danzig has three times the traffic it enjoyed in 1913 when it was a German port. They also believe that with Poland's economic growth there will be enough trade for both harbors. But not unless Danzig forswears its apparent allegiance to Germany. After all, Poland will not commit suicide if she can help it. Poland Rushes Defense. There's no solution in sight yet, but the peasants still look at their bumper crop and say it means war. They believe and Warsaw has encouraged it that Adolf Hitler does not want Danzig, but Poland itself. They sneer at explanations that he covets Danzig because it is 96 per cent German; Adolf Hitler will take anything he can get, Poland included. There's only one peaceful way to settle the argument, and that involves making Danzig a really free city, outside the Polish customs union and thus eliminating Danzig's principal grievance that the Poles control its customs. Under such an arrangement Poland might give Danzig more of her overseas trade. In return for Germany's acceptance of this plan, Poland could give the Reich free transit for her railroad and highway across the corridor to East Prussia. But Adolf Hitler has told his people they shall have Danzig. And dictators can't back down! which 48 Legislatures Declare Peace After Trade Fkht Cut-Thro- at ft rea-;soni- beer-drinki- Pom-merell- LGGS, CATTLE, LETTUCE Typical agriculture prolucts which have been discriminated against in the modern "war between the states." Observers think the wars over, because legislators are putting away their guns. Here's the story: CHICAGO. A reversal of the trend toward "Balkanization" of the 48 states through erection of trade barriers by legislation has been recorded by the Council of State Governments. Five states took such mutually retaliatory laws from their books during recent legislative sessions and about 20 other states refused to enact them. The Council, which has fought the tendency to set up such barriers to free trade over state lines, usually sought by special competitive groups, one against the other, held a national conference on the subject last April. Meanwhile investigators from the federal bureau of agricultural economics found a "maze" of barriers which they said were "limiting distribution and raising costs" on practically every food product-mi- lk, butter, eggs, poultry, meats, fruits and vegetables. With most legislatures now adjourned, the Council now reports a hopeful picture. Among outstanding actions was Indiana's repeal of provisions in its state alcoholic beverage act, resulting from efforts by in surrounding states to solving problems arising from conflicting liquor law provisions. Missouri also repealed a liquor act which, although called "anti discriminatory." was regarded by many us a trade barrier. port-of-entr- y Oklahoma repealed its 1937 law because Texas, rising up in arms, planned a retaliatory law which was dropped when Oklahoma declared peace. Several legislatures defeated bills discriminating against "foreign" trucks. Connecticut refused to apa prove bill which would compel operators of trucks and busses' to purchase Connecticut gasoline by limiting the size and number of gasoline tanks on commercial vehicles. Discrimination against wines and beers was rejected by California, Connecticut, Florida, Oregon and New Jersey. California refused to adopt retaliatory measures against products of several port-of-entr- y out-of-sta- te eastern states which imposed criminatory taxes dis- California on wine. Several states rejected bills to place high tariffs on agricultural products. Oregon and Vermont turned down tax bills discriminating ngainst oleomargarine, while Iowa refused to increase its present oleomargarine tax. Arkansas legislators would not levy a 25 per cent duty against products of four other mid western states which had imposed tariffs on certain Arkansas agricultural products, particularly cottonseed oil. The 1939 war between the states is apparently over. te ' WASHINGTON. The battle President Roosevelt is waging over the amendment of the neutrality law has some amazing angles. To begin with, scarcely any intelligent observer, unswayed by politics, really believes that any law that congress could possibly pass will insure keeping the United States out of war. And as to neutrality, as Bernard M. Baruch told the senate foreign relations committee, "There ain't no such animal." Any possible law will hurt one side or the other in any major conflict. It is openly admitted that the sort of law the President wants would probably favor France and Britain as against Germany and Italy in the war everybody is afraid of right now. And curiously enough everyone admits that the continuance of the present law favors China in the struggle against Japan, as long as it continues to be an undeclared war, but would favor Japan the moconflict became a dement clared war. But the present law, for the preservation of which a new battalion of death has been organized in the senate, bans shipments to belligerents (in a declared war, of course) of "arms, ammunition and implements of war." There is no mention of food, or of steel or cotton which can be made into explosives. And there is very little prospect that any determined fight will be made to include those. Yet actually they are of the essence. Food Most Important of Articles We Might Export Looking at the situation practically, of all the articles that this country might export to the nations mentioned as being favored by the President's plan, food is the most important. The rest of the things follow so far behind as to be relatively unimportant. In a big long drawn out war it is starvation, both of her army and navy and of her civilian population, that Britain fears most. France is pretty nearly leaving out the possibility of extended occupation of her territory such as occurred in the World war. Everyone knows also that lack of foodstuffs was one of the elements which operated potently to bring Germany to her knees in the World war. The darkest days of that war, from the standpoint of the allies, were those when there was terror that the German submarine blockade might starve out England. It is common knowledge that England has been stepping up her arms and munitions and airplane production to the point where supplies of these war materials may not be of pressing importance. The longer the outbreak of war is delayed, the less important these particular imports will be. The rush buying of planes and munitions by Britain and France in the last year from this country was against the possibility that war might break out before their own productive capacity was adequate. Of course they will continue to need the raw materials. But none of these is barred in the present neutrality law. So that the situation is presented that the neutrality bloc in the senate is staging a heroic battle to prevent shipment to France and Britain of things that they probably will not need when war comes, and is doing nothing to prevent shipments, at that time, of things that Germany will probably be doing her utmost to prevent Britain and France from getting. Monetary Bill A'of Likely to lie an Issue in Campaign There is much talk about the monetary bill being an issue in the campaign but, while it is of course impossible to say that it will not be, it would seem that the probabilities are against it. It is far more likely that, as far as the voters are concerned, it will be forgotten. Had the revolt against President Roosevelt succeeded, that would have been something else again. Had the net result been that the government ceased its subsidizing of domestically mined silver, that would have been decidedly a couple of other horses. It might easily have been the decisive element in determining who is to be the- next President of the United States. Then, the silver mine owners and the silver mine employees would have had reason to remember, with resentment, the whole affair. It may be that the President's remarks at Hyde Park, attacking the Republicans for supporting higher silver prices, would have redounded to the benefit of the Republicans. As it is, the silver mine owners will get just six cents an ounce, roughly, more than they were get two-ye- ar g, - ting before. It is r.ot important Even if it were terribly important economically, which it is r.ot, it wuuld have been a settled fact fo long before the heat of the campaign develops that only a few persons would have been interested, It may be that the Republicans will be able to mke son.e use of the continued subsidizing of lureign silver. Few persons inside the Unit- ed States are in favor of that, and these few only exporters to silver producing countries, of which, after Mexico is named, there are few. Important Factor Is if Soirwthinp Else Pops I p But that issue also may result in indifference on the part of the vot- ers. The important factor there is whether anything else happens to keep public interest in it alive. For example if, during the presidential campaign, Mexico is still being held up to the public, because of news events then, as treating American capital badly if she happens to be selling the oil from the wells she confiscated from Americans, for example, to Germany this particular subsidy will hurt the Democrats considerably. This subsidizing of foreign mined silver is a very diiiicult thing to defend, on the stump. There are business men who favor it, business men with things to sell to Mexico and other silver producing countries, but naturally such individuals are the rare exception when it comes to calculating voting strength. They sim- ply do not count. So, if it happens to be a dull campaign, with very little to inter- est the voters, this foreign silver situation just might happen to be important, especially as none of the rank and file of the Democrats would be interested in defending it. Or, if Hitler should be raising cain at the time, with Mexico apparently on the side of the dictatorships, it might easily become a tremendously important issue. Senator i orris of Nebraska Seems Due for Deflating If one may predict the toppling off their pedestals of present idols by the same rules which have generally worked in the past, Sen. George W. Norris of Nebraska is due for a deflating. He has run up against that curious and hard to understand intangible pride in itself of the house of representatives. He may or may not win this time-- in the conference row over that TVA hundred-million-doll- bond authori- ar zation. But he has hurt the pride of the house, and the wound will not heal. Nothing lasts forever, and the members of the house as well as the senate were getting a little tired of the Norris dictatorship anyhow. So when Norris appeared as the only senator to represent the upper house in the conference on the TVA bill, he was taking a chance. He ought to have realized it, but dictators gradually grow callous to pride in other people. Members of the house generally might not ever have known about it, but Andrew J. May of Senator Norris Kentucky, chairman of the house military affairs committee, was enraged at Norris' unyielding attitude. So he issued a statement which began: "Responsibility for the present stalemate of the house and senate is squarely on the conferees shoulders of Sen. George W. Norris. It is a sad commentary on our democratic system of government that one member of 'the most deliberative body in the world' does not know the meaning of the word compromise and presumes to impose his will, arbitrarily and arrogantly, upon the house of representatives." A'o One Wants to Get Into Controversy With IS'orris Those are pretty nearly fighting words to the house! Or at the very least, they are calculated to bring about a declaration of independence. One may wonder why Uncle George laid himself open to the attack. Not No one who by his stubbornness. knows Norris would expect anything else. But by his very delight in the fact that the other senate conferees were entirely willing to leave everything to him thus putting him in the position of one man telling the house what it could and could not do! It is not at all surprising that the other senate conferees did not attend the meetings. They did not want to get involved in a controversy with Norris. Nobody does. It is not very healthy politically. When everybody assumes that one's antagonist is absolutely honest and sincere one starts out with two strikes and an unfavorable umpire. And it was so easy to say to Norris, "You just go ahead and chew those house fellows up. We are behind you 100 per cent." Especially as his fellow senators had such marvelous excuses for looking out for the interests of their farmer constituents in the agricultural bill. But the house members didn't like it at all. They are very jealous of the senate anyhow, though individually most of them aspire to toapgas. There is no more sure-fir- e peal than an appeal to the pride of the house as against the senate. Moreover, there is a new generation in the house that knows not Joseph. Almost nobody is left wno served with Norris when he was battling against Uncle Joe Cannon. To many of the newcomers he is just a tiresome tradition. ... (Dell Syndicate WNU Service. I i i. j j PHOTOGRAPHY is j j ROLLS DEVELOPED b si ik nijirgr oipotA, inni r fuur choice of 16 pr:ou uixut 2jc coin Actw CArtfenj-m- NORTHWEST PHOTO SERVICE - Nortfc Ommtm K Dft. Farg j OPPORTUNITY j j Modera Meat Market. 600 Locker Cold Storage System. Ail modern equipment. locatd tnnving agriculture ;nd college town. 150 feet from super hi ways. Cost $12,500 to install. Long, lejse on building. Will trade for bonds, casn. or Box B6, real estate Peoples Market. 111. Salem. Oregon. Owner d j j j Well Mannered To have faithfully studied the honorable arts, softens the manners and keeps them free from harshness. Ovid. KILL ALL FLIES Placed anywhere. Daisy Fly KxiltT attracts aod kUia flica. Guaranteed, effective Neal Wtfluut soil or injure anything. Li5t3 all eeason. 2oo, at all i uc dealers, uarum o"iu-rs100 De KU Ave.,B"alyn.N.Y. By Deeds An upright minister asks, what recommends a man; a corrupt minister, who. C. C. Colton. ' j burning 25 slower than the average of the 15 other brands of the largest-sellin- g tested slower than any of them -- CAM ELS give smokers the equivalent of By HTM SMOKES er smoking smoking...Which cigarette offers all of them? Read 3 important cigarette facts revealed by scientific tests on 16 of the largest-sellin- g brands: MORE smoking-bett- were found to contain 1 CAMELS MORE TOBACCO BY WEIGHT than the average for the 15 other of the largest-sellinbrands. g BURNED SLOWER 2 CAMELS THAN ANY OTHER BRAND - TESTED 25 SLOWER THAN THE AVERAGE TIME OF THE 15 OTHER OF THE LARGEST-SELLINBRAIRDS! By burning 25 slower, on the average, Camels give smokers the equivalent of 5 EXTRA SMOKES PER PACK! tests, CAMELS HELD the same 3 InTHEIR ASH FAR LONGER than the average for the other brands. Thanks to Camel's economy, everyone can enjoy the real thrills in smoking, the coolness, mildness, delicate taste... the added bonus of Camel's costlier tobaccos. Don't miss the smoking America rates No. I. Ml 10, PENNY FOR PENNY YOUR BEST CIGARETTE BUY! |