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Show -- "t j i s LKHI FREE UTAH LEHI. PRESS. NEW "KLAN" TERRORIZES MIDWEST Authorities Sav Membership May Run Into Million-- ; Killing in troit Arouses Public Indignation; Gang on Way Out. De- By WILLIAM C. UTLEY r S. .niii has had it Night Kii-- i "marked menace" has Wen discovered hn!:ni Whin.) "Wlnte Caps." And the coal hVMs "f "f other rock in the Middle Wist. It is the kind of masked nii. c quaked in th.-iwere of All into tlie Molly Maguii which springs up eery decade or so to strike tear to create a neeil the hearts of the lawful and fire the imaginations of those who lr'i)L;!it into when tlie iitH-and to "eat up" stories about retain enough of their hoyhood romantici-appeared. s ride which the iccretand terrible organizations night in ghastly Tljf Vigilantes a;oe to d fml the and fearsome ceremonial robes. weak and law aldding in llie days lived hen nun of tlie pioneer No doubt the 1'dack Legion is already being used a a threat to their gun hands, of the celerity music care little children into eating their spinach or practicing their out d They saw that justice was lessons. But the law, inclined to scoff at first, has decided that it is ifi trials where the murderer would hnv high time the outlaw order he taken in s dinarily been acquitted through deadly seriousness. Authorities, it is Black Legion claims that lie was forced fear or admiration in ridiculous court reported, are even ready to helieve that to accompany members to a formal proceedings They cleaned up the West the secret members of the Mack meeting, a sternly costumed gathering and made it a safe place in which to Legion and its affiliations may number that awed him completely, lie Is a live, even In the early days. But they 6,000,000 persons. small employer. He claims that he was w ere unlike other organizations In that There are today even reasonable threatened with being flogged to death they were not masked and their membership rolls were no secret. fro u mis for suspicion that the organ- if he diil not return to work two memizations may have roots in other sec- bers of the Black Legion whom he KKK Born in South. tions of the country. In many localities had discharged. He returned them to Ku Klux Klan first gained The there are movements to demand the work forthwith. Police, In their questruth about secret, robed organlza- - tioning, have noticed that a high per- - prominence, and was probably bom, In the reconstruction period following ANEW r n bt-i- l!S- - d m nia-k- V-- v -t int-Ie- methods were ruththat time probably justified as the only means of protecting the South against the army of carpetbaggers and villains who sought to control the government of the South the less, Civil war. hut were Its at at that time. The theatrical costumes and the dramatic rites of the KKK were aimed primarily at negroes who sought political superiority to whites after gaining their freedom. the blacks to , r t ho laid the 1 twenty-two-yenr-o- :,",-00- 0 rM 1'" in History. Authorities are virtually certain that members, w herever they are, are burning their hoods and robes at a" rapid rate, and that the organization will die as others before It have, in ephenson was in Michigan sent to the state prison City. terrorized. Detroit's own case probably began last August, when a ballot box scandal reeked with charges of terrorism by a secret masked brotherhood; but police laughed at the idea. When Poole was killed, however, the police, fieeking some clue to the murder, discovered that be had been a member of a club which met in a little meeting hall nml celebrated weird rites. lozens of witnesses questioned revealed that the Mack Legion had existed since 1!;!.'!, at least, although there were a few who insisted that It tinted from the Mayflower or from the P.oston Tea Party. It Is considered possible that the organization may have been an outgrowth of the Ku Klux Klan. The officers dress In white garb somewhat iniiiar to that, of the K K K. and the tituul Is said to be similar. Detroit authorities are inclined to believe the Story of Dr. William Jacob Shepherd of Uellalre, Ohio, who claims that he was an Kxaltod Cyclops of the KKK. and organized a Mack Guard which developed units In Ohio and Indiana and then spread like wildfire. in Life." There were ninny groups who were attracted by the black robes and mystery of the new offspring. Doctor thepherd said. Arthur I.upp of De- troif, who seems to have been the chief recruiting ofljeer of the Mack Legion, Insists tjiut It never countenanced violence of any sort. He explained Its 'growth by declaring that, during the depression, It gave thousands of men nn Interest In life that they would not otherwise have had. was on Juno deht 'iiltk r'rA 1 ,,, S.'!2.C,i i( wmnhhio, ft ,: If- i: act. utions." Jobs for 1,660 Youths Success in placing l.iMi unemployed young; people in private jobs by the National Youth administration's 24 junior placement services was reporteddto Aubrey YV. Williams, executive irector of the N. Y. A by Dr. Mary II. S. Ilaynes, director of -- uidance anil placement. A. Representing the efforts of N. Y. employment counselors in ten states during March and April the lfM visits jobs were obtained tliron.h to nrivate emnlovers. The number of 040. positions obtained in April was the nt over an increase of .'? pel March total of Tl'O. The 24 placement service-i- included : this report are situated ii l.os . seeing to it that the state organizations are properly administered. Under the pioisnns of the act the federal government can insure Collection of comparable statistical material that would otherwise be ditiieult with interstate and federal state . L'eles. port. i r It P.onelits in; s, ml a vii..' nenlo at ,m Social S.rl"j;y The siinrv rev. th nia ry and up to ,ia i.i X, jg?, tin ' Hie a'-"- "i tiie proved lion e Most l" s v v t ' 1 1 V - grants of ew,-- t l.uvs a;,; .n ,Ve. the li'ht of public discovery and approval. legion dis- 77ie I'nited Slates, like mjirvy. another country, has in its diary many records of ' secret fraternal orders u hose members cloak their identity. Indeed, tehnt group of small boys has not formed its "secret" und fearful society, likf that of Tom Sawyer and his friends, signint covenants full of misspelled words in blood painfully pricked from their little fingers? Kvery stvtion of the land has luul Its secret orders which were an Important Other witnesses cluimed that the pri phase of its history. The West was mary purpose of the organization was the.' na veil from "bad" outlaw s largely by o securing of jobs for its unemployed mctn band of "j;(od" outlaws, the Vlgllnn-tehers, and to keep, employed members in who took the suppression of crime their jobs. Each member was "sworn by Into their own hnnds when the law oath" do 'best hit to to and terribla holy secure a fob. for another .member in the proved Inadequate. The Ku Klux Klnn hits oeen two period of activity In the .,. place phergfte.,torke'd. One of the complainants against the South and 'Middle AVcsh The Middle a, Suspects at Detroit. Mollies fought the introduction of foreign miners into their area and slapped not eieti at murder to achieve their came, lint ep:i rt service i, j) lese nia- pni.r, a s In I!'- t!.r ami. 1- ;. minis! I'l'-a- of the Ileal!!, the outfit, its need outgrimn, became nothing but a great extorlam Scope of Aid Widened ring. Although ,;( eua-- stale has sh.,,-,.,belielils ,,f the Social One of the principal figures In Hie 1,1 a" e breaking up of the puig, Charles A. curity act. II(. inmil.er of states sni,. :ii,,,i-,,va- l i a.., Winjjert, died only three years ago. llilttiliur plans ' ' a " n,"' is increasing, Upon libs. death the New York Sun Keetii'ltv be; i:;,.on carried the following editorial (In stiitfsi and '1st l ict of Coin. mI.I , ' t already hae : "The Molly Maguires had long before abandoned the original philanthropic purpose of Its organizers and government Is expense of stale ad- ra' s, ii is direct I v interest,., I lii'deiit expenditures of this l . I"!, r the d: vat. '" ; l. tore " e. Iota! units of had unemployment ,. ( pen.sntlon plan, ai'proved bv the b,,;,rd About 7,iMio,o,i ,v,,rlers. or In p,.r cent oi nn uii.se eligil.le In i .. activities of L'overiunents. Hiomas I'an-ansllr- "I the public health serv- tlie net only all) iW;,i were In ''peration out of n , .t.lMiil (anmlies in the United in niree inm is 17.. new local uinis were added to this num. i i.eau ii i'"i. tin itier 'lis cent. a. ,.... ....... . , " as of I ealtli and local I, h.ler.il. ueanii health section nf resulted a closer pllhli here of more than ' "T 'tie s.,v ,'!(i Up f ,,,,,,.,.,, per new , n, entire f.i"",; ,'riI'"".il.e t..t.,l to ,ixt(.en. had become known, early In the Tin, von ii i i . now are coverei ipprovod from the under' the net as a system of extortion. Its met- plans. bave enabled Califon,a, hod of operation has been ndditlon, In fur old Wa.hlngb,,., pepi,,,, copied, age bm.ana nn ,,,,, , rhaps somewhat unconsciously, by smiie Kioiaoce UW pensions) lj;lvo en ap. "ie control of bubonic of the modern racketeers." provel by the hminl fr ;!o Mates. plague. C Wnltrn which now have Union. needy In ... , fds n- Niir oil - the rei, r,f spocfal projects Ala- In ' jobs. private :':n,I-vI'- Of the total C.fiVi ie"Me more than !'), or ss per edit from families not en f .. '""r port showed. Thirty-liv, all the young people who app1'''1 never worked, the report s.':,"",.(r A. services are, by execute' the President, limited to y'U between sixteen and l";tr of nge. 1, f"i- al11 i 1 part) ' t ' s- '4 e the federal s'.aaiiily in lime f,- I I '':. ,, ' J i tlt.ejil Well ,'ls lr an sin leslM,!,-.;!,- 's .rv-o- the i VM-enrt'etii ui I.:,!.. and tlie -' .'is ' V Senator Harry F. Byrd. lion. t lav , S i II lie ;),t, f grants tinder ii 1; .., ment f..r I. 1.1 der buard FinQerprinting Black p::,, ha i n ra ..0,111 '11 placed .lime s ai- er in this ment a bo; j km-;.-- ; istance for Jiloy -- H"!il g i Soeial tales that ploy l . ; "infl' 'K in,,!,. nf it"S provN'Mlv. ),y as well as Hawaii to 'nn.: Kapi'k i are nv shared, ha; Cedar n. All States Share act San rrancisco. I'icif. New Haven and Hartford. r.ridge-- Davenport, M Rl uffs, Hcs Moines, Waterloo Worcer.ost-Sioux f'ilv, Iowa; ster and Springfield. Ma- -: ,'"('or;' Nashua and Manchester, N. II.; Kro Ivn and I'.ronx, X. Y. : '"'t oflicesil Hi Texas; Durham. N. C .(twoA and Indianapdi-Chicago eslabh.-- n fifth placement service was in Richmond during M'.vtbe Apjdicatlons for jobs d'trn- - "'M''S months totaled f,.W. wer that -'I per cent of thai Mai ' ve -t An-- i Hit U contended directors were a "channel of spreading sml-il- ml', the otti'i-e- i good will." Summarizing a study of membership in chambers of commerce, hoards of trade, Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions and clubs, the witness said 3o telephone corporations had spent $4,838.-03for "dues and contributions" In the last ten years. "It appears," he testified, "that the telephone subscriber has paid the major part of these dues and contrib- The Social Security act delimits the functions of the federal and state governments. The stales have the primary task of administration of laws enacted by them, passing of amendments appoint nt of staff and organization of unemployment compensation commissions. The role of the federal government is indirect, being primarily concerned with protecting the state funds and expenditure-- : were tnnunting same time tii.it empbiyment and payrolls were going up. F.ttgeiie C. Crace. president of the institute, said that "the only Mire way to cure unemployment ami solve the problem of relief is tr lneivu!- prodnetinii." As a sidelight to .,n ties divtission wiM-- selected as 8,333,333.00 1.963,916.22 Federal Role Indirect treasury announeeil p!:m for otir larger fi naneing uperation -- sj.(i."ii m i.im ii in "Provided Interett . Danielian S41.0O0.0O bureau security relief povernment spend; Clnt'trens 'Wealth" Harvard stries. 122.437.193.5 847,100.29 old-ag- the of . K. The the telephone industry, hut men who boast wide Interests'' in other indu- I'lans are being made for an enumeration of 20,(i(H),tK.Kj wage-earnerwho will he covered on January 1, 1937, e benefit (compulsory conby the pensions) tributory provision of the protests against Increasing taxes were miced at last week's general meeting of th rmn ami Steel Institute In New York. Keinaihiiig that state laws their r 'IN. Twenty-on- e a :Ntanee to more than 20,000 liliiid its have been approved by Voralional rehal.iti'.'ttiun Public Health Service ' i. i. ana - ' ve y 0f ,f The New Speaker c. IW' The new sneaker ol tl lent l..- oresentatlve William lb ff not bapl' Is head of Alabatiin, the manner of his eleuti'-n.see. nt the expense of the hre . . .loseph NYellington loss) innn two . o 1 i n- - 'i i.ih ,,,, hail lias re we nnd bead I'.yrns , dO.'IMl sneakershhi, fi bnvin- -' of inii"1'' Henry T liulm IS '.a"" ill," Speaker nieW I'.yrns won. v teran 'speaker r.ankbend ' t Ms, her of consress, navi"- enat'ir ").,1'I,kW;il ed In 1910. lie Is a I" John l'.ankhend. Speaker I'"'-- wnsliorn In Moscow, r.ank-o- D'"" Senator John and Speaker linnkhend Dixie Democrat. has ' b'n i s If 1 1 at jot Ii,rr' itistrtietur traced for the commnnication cinmiission's investigation of the American Tele. phone & Telegraph company evidence be said showed a link between the utility and Its subsidiaries and "a large part of the total corporate wealth of the United States.'' lie was Dr. N. R. Danielian, who under questioning of Samuel hecker, special counsel for the investigation, said that primary consideration of the company hi selecting directors was "not familiarity with the problems of Nineteen state duns for aid to ren also have lssn.", dependent been approved. The board has made no official estimates of federal benefit payments, hut an unollieial tally revealed these approximate figures for the February-June- , r.Mi, period. amount." at ty.. A former on . II ; fachoma. iiiirs. the board. Similar The Molly Manuires sprang up in the Pennsylvania coal fields in the '70s, ami their stamping out established the jame of the I'inkerton Detective agency, the j . Public assistance t'n.'niitnyii(. nt ''niaj.'ns:itioa twen a,!nst covering -- centage of employment exists among the witnesses charged with being members. The principal fear which was Instilled into the hearts of honest citizens by the lilnck Legion was the possibility of there appearing at some time a great leader able to organize the Legion to transcend regional boundaries and make of the order a general Fascist movement, dillieult to measure or control because of its undercover operation. Precedent I i efforts toward the era.lSeath.n of hookworm and Missouri and Timuimsiu e 0 f around tfie NATIONAL CAPITAL! , .. , ueeii iisMMcu hi extending i... n.. U..1U,! Us ik II the outgo side of W"ashingtn.-0- n the national ledger the relief item is the Timst Important single factor in i x"fww W i W northern carpetbaggers. determining how far the budget falls short of balancing. Any congressional As the need for the Klan began to vaon relief, therefore Invariably nish, it turned its energies toward personal debate the budget question. Uecently in brings ami ra As euuses. exaggerated grudges esult it finally died out for an extended the senate debated relief and heard about the budget. period. Within the memories of most reaThe most searching examination of ders the Klan was revived by William the budget problem canie"frni a lem-ocrSenator IJyrd of Virginia, freJoseph Simmons and his crowd in the days following the World war. But Its quent critic of New Deal policies. He purpose was not contiued to political brought up the question. Why is the Injustices. It alined at alleged Intole- budget suffering from progressively inrances of religion as well as race. At creasing relief expenditures when busiIts height, this second edition of the ness conditions are improving? Ku Klux Klan was said to have had On the basis of figures supplied by more than 0,000,000 members. Its the acting director of the budget, Mr. treasury was believed to have boasted, B.vrd calculated that in the fiscal year at one time, a sum of $00,000,000. starting July 1 the government would The Molly Maguires Appear. spend for ordinary purposes and relief The new Klan died from many .xi.OOO,H) more than in the current causes, most of them relating to its year. "This means," ho said, "that we wiil absence of weighty purpose, lint the death blow was really struck when I. spend -)nearly .S1,iKi0.nMi,iioo more than C. Stephenson, w ho had been Kleagle in lO.'i.- and !?.",.mio.iMM).imii more than of the district of Indiana, abducted a in I'A'ifS ; yet conditions today are greatlyoung lloosier girl, mistreated her and y improved and the need for relief failed to get her medical attention, and governmental expenditures is much leaving her to die w hen she took poi- - less than in those previous years."' son in her shame. His acts had notIn 10."". he continued, (lie govern, hing to do with the Klan itself, hut so merit will collect S1 .C,(hi,iiiiimii)o mure aroused public opinion that the Klan In taxes than in 1!.'iC,. "and still the litis been little heard from since. St- deficit continues in nn alarming Two Detroit police officers dressed in the regalia, and displaying the weapons of, the Black Legion, whose membership some estimates place at a v maximum of 6,000,000. tions which, under the guise of "true Americanism." allegedly seek to grasp political power by terroristic methods. Find State Employee Member. Positive proof of the existence of Buch a band seems to have been uncovered In Michigan, where thirteen men, allegedly members of the Slack Legion, were held In the murder of Charles Poole, a WPA worker of Detroit. Authorities there claim that In a district of 1 persons there are at least ."i.iHHl and possibly 10,000 Mack Legionnaires. Three state employees have been dismissed becnu.se of their membership, and twelve others have been suspended from state, city and county pay rolls. In some 15 or 16 slates, investigations re now under way, probing into post, cases of mob violence, and into complaints by citizens thut they are being the only protection against the abuses of it was South if J the for white- - Klansmen that 1 believe that ill rl 13 IJiP1. Kl hard were the ghosts of Confederate soldiers returned to haunt them. To have discouraged the super- stition would have been to contribute to the defeat of the Klan's purpose, so t lie members wisely encouraged it. If they lynched occasionally, it was at that time defensible on the grounds robed I MM It was not Wv , |