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Show BEAVER PRESS Bruckarfa Washington Digest National Union Endangered by Trade Barriers Between States Bootlegging of Milk and Cream Calls Attention to Con tlition That's Become Flagrant; Proper Government Functions Used to Accomplish Unscrupulous Ends. By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, National Press Bldg., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON. City officials and keted with a variance of laws on newspapers of Washington, D. C, most subjects that it seems almost a hopeless job to untangle them. have worked themselves into a For example, there are 170 differdither lately over a new kind of bootlegger a bootlegger of milk ent state laws dealing with the laand cream. This city, like every belling and grading of farm prodother city, has tight regulations con- ucts. A good ear of corn in one a cerning milk and cream that en- state won't be recognized as good ters the naUonal capital. They are ear of corn in another. My friend, potato may be acregulations designed to protect the the ordinary irish 1 in one state, and as No. here. reside cepted who of those health find himself as No. 3 in another. A Moreover, maintenance of such regbottle of beer in Missouri, tax paid ulations are an entirely proper function of government, because there and respectable there, becomes virof slop in an adjoincan be nothing more important than tually a bottle ing state. ' Wines from grapes grown health. as According to the charges filed and in California cannot possibly be in upon which arrests were made, a good as wines grown from grapes the Oregon law says because miles hundred Oregon, five or four dairy so and lays a burdensome tax to from Washington, inspected and licensed by the state of its location, prevent Oregon citizens from having, somebrought in a truck load of refrig- their stomachs corroded or erated cream without first having thing. Cement entering Florida, for obtained a permit to do so. The city a time, was not as good as cement officials, prodded perhaps by local produced in Florida and Florida was dairies and nearby milk producers, prepared to tax it until the case got threw a couple of men into jail and to the Supreme court of the United barked and squawked all around the States. place because of this bootlegger. Sfofe Differ as to What The local press reports indicated the Constitutes a Truck Load city officials had made asses of Take another and less known cothemselves over the whole matter, but that is of no particular concern nditionless known because fewer people come in contact with it, but to this discussion. The incident is very important as it enters into the cost of the things Illustrative of a condition that is you buy, Just the same. I refer to laws about load limits of rapidly endangering the national un- state ion of states, and is, therefore, a trucks. I don't have any love for matter for analysis here. Frequent- trucks; they are so doggoned big these days that I want to take to ly, great national issues lie around, when I see one of them or are kicked around, for months the timber head-o- n along the highway. coming before somebody inadvertently sets But they have rights. Yet, there a match to the powder; and it hapare no two states as far as I can pened to be local officials who struck learn that have the same regulation the match. about the size of a truck's load. The Barriers to Trade Between trucks can be regulated because States Has Become Flagrant they use the highways, and yet one state says 120,000 pounds is a load The thing called to national atand another state 18.000 pounds tention by the cream bootlegger is is a load. The says others have laws of the nation the existence through a load at varying sizes barriers or obstacles to trade be- specifying in between, and there you are! Just tween the states. It has become flawhat Is a load, anyway? grant. Selfish interests have been The truth of the matter is that operating, first, in one state; then. local interests are to blame in most In another. Laws have been passed cases. They are taking advantage utilizing proper government funcof situations to further their own tions to accomplish unscrupulous selfish ends. And where are they bred These have ends. retaliatory to with this polyglot of legmeasures. Other states have passed leading islation?' laws to "get even" with those acting The whole thing seems a bit inahead. State officials, state trade to me. Here, on the one congruous and civic organizations have threathand, Mr. Cordell Hull, the very threatened been and have ened, able and valuable secretary of state, right back, until now we have has been moving heaven and earth throughout the United States thouto get rid of trade barriers between sands of people sticking out their nations. Reciprocal trade tongues in the most childish fashion he calls his method. Some treaties, of them at other thousands of people. Each seem to work othsome and badly, group saying in sign language or ers appear to be results, producing otherwise: "you're another." no one knows yet whether the It is serious business, and there is but whole system should be kept or no doubt in my mind but what the thrown out. That question does not condition bodes ill for national unity. here. It is the national polbelong to no It takes expanded imagination of breaking down obstacles, jarthink of the time when we might icy loose ring log jams, so that pur have 48 little nations, snarling and move into other naproducts may frothing at the mouth as crudely, tions that Is to be considimportant and quite as unintelligently, as they ered when within our own boundado throughout Europe. ries every known means is being Now, it is one thing, and a very used to block and sales proper thing, to use regulations for between states.shipments I cannot figure it the preservation of health, for the out unless some folks are strict folprotection of property, for the suplowers of the Biblical injunction not port of government, or governmento let the left hand know what the tal policy. It is quite another, and band doeth. dastardly, thing to make use of those right Government Policy National to flow of the prevent regulations commerce and the products of farm To Blame for Conditions and factory. It is such things as I have been wondering, therefore, that from which monopoly is made. what had actuated the selfish interIf the now rather monopoof the country to start on this ests ly Investigation is worth its salt spree of battling among themselves. (which it has not demonstrated thus There must have been some reason far), it could demonstrate its value behind that At least, I have come by examining Into trade barriers beto believe there is. I believe that tween states. the condition fundamentally springs from national government policy Proper Legal Power Used, whioh for years now has been in But It Is Used Selfishly the direction of destroying the rights Representative Halleck of Indiana of individual states. Little by little, has been engaged for weeks in dig- the federal government has torn ging up facts about these trade bar- away the rights of the states and riers. He told me the other day that the states, with pain reduced by fedhe intends to try to break them eral money, have permitted it down, either by constitutional Suddenly, however, the states and amendment or by national statute. their citizens have discovered their There are plenty of difficulties con- whole jurisdiction is enveloped in fronting him. he admits, because all creeping paralysis. We have all of these things have been done by noted resentment In the last few using entirely proper legal power, years at the encroachment of fedbut by using it selfishly. eral regulation upon Individual To illustrate. Mr. Halleck referred rights and freedom. When these to that assertion that things were realized by the rank "the power to tax is the power to and file of the people, there develdestroy." Indeed, it is! The power oped a new disease as a counter to tax for government revenue is, irritant, the disease of knocking the and always has been, used. But other fellow off. It will take more there are many instances of record than socialized medicine to correct where that taxing power was em it. The national government's poliployed to levy suah high rates of cies, having started it will have to tax that the tax collector took everyassume the blame and will have to thing produced. The business was find a way to remedy the condition. destroyed. And It is the same thinly I hope Mr. Halleck, and those he disguised use of proper power that has enlisted to help him. can find the it getting the nation Into an awful proper prescription for the cure. mess, now. This choking of trade is Western Newspaper Union. going on despite the constitutional Will Cares for 4,000 provision which says emphatically that no state may levy tariffs Bequeathing her money to relaagainst importations from other tives to the twelfth generation, a Belstates. The bright law makers, and gian woman has given the courts in their henchmen, have got around Tcrmonde, Belgium, a task of dividthat in the manner mentioned ing millions of francs among more above. than 4.000 people. A professional Mr. Halleck supplied some facts genealogist has made a family tree to t.how how widespread the condi450 feet long and going back to 1600. tion h.is become. He mentioned, Among the heirs are a cabinet moreover, that the nation is so blan and two professors ter-rrb- le PoXIhDiplomatandEcchsiast, Statecraft to Vatican Modern Brings ,, ,1 Hi MMMU"""II Hl.ll.- WVcf t was lcnni. aa 1 Unchanged Foreign Policy Expected Under New Pontiffs Reign historv I tit n Twnere 4. the sun rise "i 3. Whv sent. Most important, not since the resolute monk Hildebrand was elected Pope Gregory VII in 1073 had a papal secretary of state become the vicar of Christ. But it was no accident that the Roman Catholic church ! ca s total If m ! t ;7 V 11 i . (P'' 1 "I 1 1 The Answerj !. . . .i-- nf th tu. i "uunr u such a manna the canal farthest west tJ 3. Lucre is from the u. crum, meaning gain. 4. The department nf a... 8 !C I I In-- I S - ,Kfc;v ' 1 27, 1789). Ml lot 5. The whole bodv f id als born about the same jeJ a generation, ana by ejU the term is applied to covered by their lives. ' - the 6. Lindley Eeckworth nf. who is 25 vears old 7. The department fmd reports that Americans r3 $64,200,000,000 in various W income in 19.38. J 8. While many kinds nf make pearls, only those wj by mollusks possessing a sJ tvi"u nf shell witVi ...... an !.. J w mother-of-peaofjfv aieinfei 9. Russia, by the treatvtv'i Litovsk, March, 1918. 10. The national debt Is fcl umjtJi3 rl Comes From Vatican Family. d old Vatican aristocracy. His grand father was undersecretary of the interior from 1851 to 1870. His father was an attorney at the papal court as his brother, Francesco, is today. Eugenio Pacelli entered the priest hood, but the statesman in him has shone brightly as the churchman. Since the day he began writing rough letter drafts for papal diplo mats in 1889, his life has been that of the state secretariat Step by step he climbed under the eyes of Cardinal Gasparri, whom he was destined one day to succeed. In 1917 came the appointment as papal nuncio to Germany, a peacemaking effort which failed, but so impressed the former Kaiser Wil helm that he devoted a full chapter In his memoirs to the future cardinal and pope. From this first diplomatic role it was but a short step to of relations between the Vatican and Protestant Germany. In 1924 the nuncio's seven-yea- r German mission was climaxed by the famous concordat. Re- - turning to Rome, Pacelli was honored by elevation to the college of cardinals. The subsequent years have been far from happy for the Vatican or its chief diplomat Early in 1929 the Lateran agreement with Italy allowed Pius XI to end his voluntary exile in Vatican City. Since then old treaties have been renewed with Austria, Germany and Yugoslavia, while Rumania signed a new pact And though Cardinal Pacelli could take heart from these accomplishments, he must have frowned over less happy developments which placed the Catholic church diametspecrically opposite the tres of totalitarianism. Under Adolf Hitler the church has suffered first in Germany and later in Austria. In both Italy and Germany there have arisen movements for "racial purification" and persecution of minorities. Mexico's religious foundations have been rocked, and the Spanish civil war came in the eyes of Catholics closer than any since the crusades to being a holy war. 1 A Changed Attitude Seen. .... sar m t. This was initiation under fire, but 1 the cardinal rose to his task. So well, in fact that democracies which had long frowned on the Vatican's "interference" now discovered a strong ally for the inevita ble showdown with dictators. Typical was the reaction in Protestant England, where for 500 years the pope has been something to fear. But the election of Pius XII brought editorial praise for "the wisdom of the sacred college." No nation can claim the Vatican's I political support against another na tion, but the spiritual influence of Catholic upon Catholic, as voiced through the pope, is a potent force in tne Twentieth century battle be tween Christianity and paganism. England cannot forget this, nor has HiUer forgotten it, if we mav he, his reported comment on the Pius Xll is the first supreme lieve new pope several years ago: "It pontiff to hare flown. Above isn't the pope (then Pius XI) who is photo teas taken as he stepped making all the trouble for Germany . from an airliner at liurbank, tT. ne is- 1ioo oia ana sick to busv him. Calif., in 1936. self with such affairs. It is Cardinal It The purchase On parts of Panama THE POPE I!S AMERICA Pope Pius Xll, new head of the Forty years ago Pius XII disreCatholic church, when, as Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli, Roman tradia century-olfamily garded Pacelli the tion which has made he spoke at Catholic University in Washington during his visit family esteemed members of the in 1936. anti-Chri- r--t U . avl a. uur ng the World WJ tkn country was " i. fUC peace with 10. Is there any amount of national debt! reer diplomat" v. - 8. Do s V H3B . incrnmn? duce valuable presented a solid front or that its to college of cardinals acted quickly choose Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli, statesman and ecclesiast as Pius XII. In a day that demands strong men the church could find none stronger, none better fitted by experience and instinct to carry on with greater emphasis the policies of international statecraft which first found expression under the late Pius XI. Since 1929 the new pope has engineered Vatican foreign policy from behind scenes as papal secretary of state. Since 1917, when Benedict XV sent him to war-tor- n Germany in a vain peace gesture, Eugenio Pacelli has been what any nation but the Vatican would term a "ca J 6. Whn IS tVia .. of thp Present congrS 7. What is the amount in sacred college might be p-- with refe 4. What in the U, wasthefirstdep 6uvernraent created? 1 5. What ktf lengthen tion? LaBINE By JOSEPH W. In no living man's memoryin had a pope been chosen 24 hours. Many years had passed since all 62 cardinals walked into the secret conclave from which one must emerge supreme pontiff; the less urgent times some of ab- the x ' ... PIUS XII ON DICTATORS At A'eic York in 1936 sions, the vo.ee of the pope is not only the authoritative w 'f head of the Catholic church, but also Sates the nf reason and equity, of Justice, and prudence and humanity' At liudapest in 1938 "Face to face with us is drawn up militant godless, shaking the clenched fist thing we hold most sacred. Face to fa Z ZlZ 5 VntSS l EJ. witl ! those who would like to make all "thl people, Individual human being believe they can find ceding from the gospel of Christ and that the haP5 society, a, of individuals, can but grow profit At Lonrdes, France, in 193.t "It matters Utile that they (the dictators) f the eV"y-o- f ?rmj: onwi ZTZ Znl L ' .., 'hp n''g of social revolution. They are inspired r,Z a world and life. Whether they are po.ses'e h. ...f c.?1lon of f rac0 and blood, their philosophy as that of othci s . I rest, to those of the Christian fa h essentially opposed .pnnciP1 Anrl nn such principles the church does not consnnt r. a compact .win, with them at any price. , Pacelli, it is Cardinal Pacelli!" There is still another lesson in the choice of a papal diplomat One of the Catholic church's proudest stories concerns the aforementioned monk Hildebrand, last secretary of state to become pope. As Gregory VII he, too, had trouble with a Gar-ma- n ruler. The last pope who felt he must obtain imperial ratification for his election. Gregory was blocked by Germany's Emperor Henry IV. Gregory had demanded that Henry cease dictatorial rule over the Catholic church in Germany. Henry replied by summon ing several high German prelates and declaring Gregory deposed. Emperor Finally Absolved. This game ended when Gregory publicly absolved Henry's subjects of allegiance to him. The climax came when Gregory, stopping at the castle of Canossa on his trip north-.war- d into Germany, kept Henry waiting barefoot in the snow for three days, dressed as a penitent. Finally he granted absolution and Henry's authority was restored. Rome and Berlin may not be led to Canossa by Pius XII, but this modern counterpart of Gregory VII includes both Italy and Germany among his problems. A pope's chief duty, naturally, is to maintain the Catholic religion where it already has root and to evangelize it in new lands. But this is an age where duties sometimes extraordinary seem more vital at the moment Catholics and Protestants alike rec ognize their need for a united Chris' tian front against political doctrines which they believe are working to place mankind's every action and thought under state domination. That is why Pius XII will be a popular pope, especially amor.g democ racies. Whereas Pius XI described him self as a "library morse," the new pontiff has led a more worldly life carainal legate he traveled through the United States and South America. On the latter trin he did penitence for the honors heaped on his shoulders by removing the soft mattress from his bed and sleeping on me DianKet-coveresprings. New Tope Popular Here. On his trip to the United States he crossed the continent by air; be thereby becomes the first nnnp tn have flown. At that time the new pontiff lunched with President Roosevelt and "his truly American lamiiy. bo far as is known; no previous pope has visited this coun try, ana this coupled with the recent date of his visit makes him especially popular here. There is good reason to believe It mow the United States to send a minister w ine(vatican. At J. mere are "'reuay conciliatory signs in the air as Germany and uegui recognizing the new pon. This is vigor. ...a.cu in iiaiy. where especially vn t,o mighty Premier Mussolini dares not flount open defiance of the Catholic "urin in a strongly Catholic coun ty law to $4o,uuu,ooo,ooo IHkuI If Your Sore, Scratchy Tk Comes from a Co!d-- !4 Often Get Fast Relief fci T. ..o. rain nd Barer Tablet- .- 1 IIIW 'n",2, nd re- - discomfort W wtutf drink aslaa of water, Just Make SureYoth BAYER MM way pichwj The simple ouea Drinks j ut' and nn from discomfort ,m J aeomnanving colds. Trv it. Then seej'i He prohaDiy wui tinue with Bayer Asp it acta fast to relieve ois. a eo d. And reduce k. ...thnnt.V. W supplanted me cold sjtkp cines in easing uj uay (. 1 But get genuine Aspirin. RAYER 1CC IJr 2 FULL W DOZEN Vtj d ua Salt bke- - NEWEST ' mi mrji if -- f,4 W -- f. - j IS uy. But while Italy attempts to make most or cardinal PacelH'g elec on, wmcn was openly opposed by ii leiegrafo, the new eiKn Minister Count Ciano. Germany has 'pursued a policy of watchful waitint i. Now TEMPLE Ann - |