Show I r I I T HOW CHINAS ANCIENT CAPITAL THE NEW 1 1 I IS MODERN CHANGING CIVILIZATION WITH THE Special Correspondence COiE to In a bis bl bi vcr ver I steamer The Tho city ell lies on tin I miles west of hal and about tOO miles cast east of oC I It is famous as the old oIl capital ca ot or but to use a n favorite expression of or William lIlIom T 1 teal It rt now has ha God I boots on and Is tramping tread alonS the paths of oC modern pros ess t One of oC the best of the now new rail railroads ii 11 I roads now no connects conn It with w th Shanghai r Is 18 building toward towan and Ti Tint ln and others have been project projected ed cd to Canton anion sad and The Tho Th changes c In 11 the place wore were ap apparent apparent parent on landing landl When hen I visited the city elL 11 ii years year ears ago aHU I had hall to show a l Chi Chinese nese passport ras pot I I jot got ot out off tho the boat boa t The Tho port part H is I now no froc fac to every Cray eer one and amI andI amIa 1 I a J i to go bO as I pleased Then Ihen I 1 Ie rode from OI the river rive v to the town torn o on o a e and n we climbed I t eU up hill 1 and n I Cohn h If C n the pools and W I wading fg in mud all the c way My trip of today was wis made in a l carriage over a n ni i II 11 macadamized macadamised lI road shaded with Tho The read road slopes op from rein the tho cen cent t r 1 and Is perfectly drained It Is I In n out six 1 1 miles In length leneth and Is I one of the 30 miles mlles of paved highway which the city his built buill within the past three I or r four years yarns THE rnE NEW G 1 lies llesi lIe on a creek live lwe miles back bac k of oC the lie Ym gt It was made an on open port rort In ht and now has hasan hasan an annual trade of oC A Alively Alively lively foreign settlement is rising along the tho banks of oC the river and ami modern buildings have hae been constructed all the way wa from there to the city I found two dozen cabs and many at atthe atthe the tho wharves and as I landed heard the steam whistle of oC tho the engine enne on the new nt railroad which has Just been com completed completed Joining the river with Nankin Shortly after we entered the walls of oC the city elt Dr Garritt the president of oC the Presbyterian Theological seminary who was with me began be nn to point out the new school buildings erected by bythe b bythe the Chinese government and oft off In Inthe the Uie distance he lie showed shored me the smoke slack of oC a modern mint which is h now coining money for the tho viceroy When hen I Iwas Iwas was as there thero lust last the natives were chop chopping chopping chopping ping up silver Ingots and weighing the tho chunks hunks to pay pa their large larse bills and all retail etall transactions were in cash ea h little round copper coins with a hole In the center of oC which it took tool 2000 to equal the value alue of one of our dollars At t that time I carried about 10 0 pounds of coins with me on my m donkey as aM I rode rodo up to the city Today my nay cab ah fare faro was paid with a Chinese banknote of the prot province provInce ince of oC lying tOO miles up the river and the change I got pot In return was In sliver silver coins fresh from the mint CHINAS ANCIENT CAPITAL Such things seem strange stran e In this town of oC the ages age Is ore ono of ot tho the old cities of oC history It was in existence I Ib IC years C when h Jesus Christ rs was a I baby b and its municipal U 1 hair was a gray ra with double that ago ao when Mohammed as a boy was playing on tho the sands lands of Arabia Tho The wall which now no surrounds it was built a century before Shakes Shakespeare Shakespeare peare wrote tho the Merchant llor of oC Venice and Its mighty porcelain tower which cost rost was erected 15 16 5 genera generations lions ago aso when one ono of oC the most progressive pro plO progressive monarchs of China Chinn had hall his capital here That tower was made of tho the finest porcelain slabs and It blazed out under tho the sun rising to a height nearly half halt that of the Washington monument It had nine stories and a spiral staircase within led from Uio ground to the summit About each I story was wa a n gallery roofed with green ren tiles and from the thu corners of the roofs roo hung bolls boils which tinkled when swayed I by lIy the wind Upon its top was a mass mal massof malof massof of Iron as big bl as ag a haystack This was wag plated with gold gola and could be bt seen for miles up and down the tho th Klang valley alle Of this mighty tower the basin Is I all that remains It has hat been placed upon a foundation of marble and now ller lie some distance away aWI from the tho mighty ml ht monument which It covered Tho The tower Itself was destroyed during the Tal rebellion because tho the Insurgents thought It was affecting the spirits spirit of oC the Uw air ah and bringing bad ball luck Its IL ma materials m were taken for other buildings and the tho foreigners foel carried away all that was loft left t Today the very r 3 i t ii i gone and the Chinese 11 e viceroy I who has made his capital here hele has an In ar arsenal senal for fOI making modern Rims guns uns on Us Ito I site and the factory hands are re railed called l to In their work by b the shrill I whistle rC d I steam st ON TUB TiE DRAGONS BACK BACKI I In addition to this there are aio II powder mills nearby and every now and an then thenan thenan n nan an explosion occurs which frightens the ghosts of oC tho the tower and horrifies the citizens for fear It may mn stir up the tho dragon upon whose ho e back Is II built Notwithstanding the modern awakening ghosts witches and drag dragons dm g gone ons one are arc live elements clement still In this part pait of oC tin the world The Chinese bellow believe In spirits and amI they the will do nothing Without consulting con their wishes hes The witch doctors here her have hae a n regular profession pro 1110 profession They read r ad the stars the tho th winds and the waters and pretend to predict Just what the spirits of good goodluck goodluck luck lue and had bad will do upon every occasion occa occasion occasion sion I have havo told you OU how tow when whon the late into emperor was burled tho the government govern government ment sent out to pick out a lucky site for Cor his tomb No sensible Chinese would rest in his hiI grave gravo If It It wore were not so selected and in building a house or malting making a n new town ton for the living these men are arc called In ht to pick out tho sites In such work the do their best to find a IL spot connected with a dragon Of Ot all the animals the Chinese consider this tho the most lucky luck It forms the Imperial coat of oC arms it Is seen upon the triangular imperial flags and an anIt it brings good fortune or bad to every ever dynasty or ruler According to the tho Celestial belief the dragon can do any anything an anything thing thinS It can swell Itself Into an ele elo elephant or shrink to a II gnat Anat When rhen an eclipse IB Is expected tho astrologers tell the people that tho dragon dra on Is about to attempt to swallow shallow sV lIow tho the moon and tho the emperor thereupon sends sen s forth an edict commanding all good citizens to turn out and beat drums and pans to scare Icare him away 1 wa This Tills was actually the tho case ca a few low months ago aro during my m stay in Pekin And what has all this to do o with A great teal deal The ground on which the city stands Is shaped like a dragon and the emperor who founded it said If U I can build my m capital here hero on the dragons back It will last forever Co ree I rANKINGS MIGHTY WALLS and That was many man generations ago his Ills city elt Is alive today tolla The fl e mighty walls which he constructed are still solid they lire are as wide hide as a country road are arc from 10 to to 00 90 feet Ceet sigh high and 25 miles In iii length lenth The Tho of today tolla with Its people lies in their center and I drove droe through them thom on my m way to the town The walls wails arc are made of oC bricks of oC about the same size Ize as a those used In the thc great wall hall of China laid up in two parallel lines Of ot solid masonry as 0 tho the space being filled fille In with earth and stone They are Ira paved at the top and upon them are arc I U ii iii I I II If k r rr I I r o 1 r I f r I II I v 1 rh d o oD 00 ill MODERN GUN FACTORY STANDS ON THE TILE SITE OF THE OLD PORCELAIN TOWER n n n n n n n n n n n still piles plies of stones placed there long ago that they the might be thrown down upon the enemies besieging the city These walls surround a n great space which Is now devoted to farming The buildings build of the city elt cover considerable ground but there Is I enough still till vacant to contain another city the size siz of oC Bos Boston Boston Boston ton Baltimore or 01 St Louis Louls But I want to tell you jOIl about the Nan king kine of oC today I am writing of oC tho the awakening of China and this old town has its eyes ejes open It has jumped from its couch of oC the ages u es and Is primping and o d adorning Itself for fOI the modern modem civilization It Is paving its streets The Tho filthy conditions of oC 14 It years jears ago agu have vanished The Tho ruts have havo disappeared disappeared disappeared and one ont can now nOlI drive through the town torn In a carriage There are arc some passenger wheelbarrows still but they the are arc fast fust being displaced by b I understand that tho the beggars who were so numerous In the tho past have hav changed their occupation and become Human horses They have havo taken to pulling tho the and they tho will take tak takOU you OU anywhere in the town for C 6 j or 10 0 cents a ride Ilde The rhe buildings are improving improvIng improving ing Thero are glass windows in many man manof of the shops wad and the wealthier citizen citizens arc are putting up residences of European style The foreign consuls live in two story bricks the American consulate being heln one ont of oC the best houses In the city elt NEW SCHOOLS has always been a great educational center When hen rhen I was last here horo I visited Its examination halls and saw Chinese boys bOj writing essays Each sat in ht a little brick cell watched by b policemen and It took them three thre days das and three nights to go 0 through their tests Such Sueh as passed expected to togo togo togo go to further examinations at Pekin whore If IC successful they would be given appointments to office Those cells celIs cover coer ei er IS 15 or more acres They are arc still standing but the viceroy has ha de der decreed creed that they tho are arc to be bo demolished he will build a great public market house upon the same space Such structures structures structures I tures arc are needed no longer Tho new nervy n education demands modern school buildings and an the old Chinese classics must take a back seat scat Today modern schoolhouses are springing up liP In different parts of oC Nan an ankin king kin The city clay has lias already 80 SO schools run by h the government It has hn several largo large p kindergartens and amI many primary and secondary schools It has haN a normal norm 1 college colleS with no students a polytechnic school with 20 and Industrial schools of various kinds In all the schools gymnasiums have been established and the boys drill d several days das every week I The viceroy has planned an athletic park where school s hool meets will be held once a year and the various teams will I compete om pete In sprinting Jumping pole polo vaulting and other othel athletic sports Sev Sov Several Several eral such events have hac already beon boon held heIr and they the were witnessed by b thou thousands thousands sands of Chinese of oC all classes COEDUCATION IN CHINA OHI A Among Amon the new now school movements go goIng goIng going Ing on here Is tho the beginning of a co coeducational coeducational coeducational educational system His excellency Tuan Tian Fang the viceroy believes that boys L ys and n girls I should 11 U be educated to together together gether gether e and n he has established t Il such a school in his palace It has hS now about 50 10 O pupils taken from Crom tho the children of or high class clas families The rhe little ones range ranC In age from 10 to 14 and they are arc being educated as it were under the viceroys eye e e Their course cOUlse covers four years yrol and after which they will go so goto soto goto to the high schools outside It Is a combination of or the tho Chinese classics and the tho studies of oC our Public schools The most of oC the teachers arc are Chinese the professor of Chinese literature being a 1 girl 1111 The Tune Instructor of knit knitting knitting knitting ting comes conies from Japan The male malo teachers are arc Chinese se and foreigners TAUGHT BY OUTSIDERS RS In the other schools of a number of oC foreigners are arc employed One of tho the government high hl h schools has three American teachers and others are arc conducted con by b Germans and Japa Japanese Japanese nese The commercial academy aca emy has several foreign professors and among them an American who has charge chare ot or orthe the classes In banking and commerce There are arc foreign Instructors In the naval and military schools schooL and also In Inthe inthe the tho Industrial schools and those where tit th modern languages are arc taught ta The naval college colle here hele has been In existence for 10 years or more and it now has about nh Jut a dozen do n professors profen ors Including three throe foreigners It has several hun hundred hundred dred students J who arc are educated some somewhat somewhat somewhat what after the same methods as IS our cadets at Annapolis They live at the tho college and anti recel e pay pa for going to school chool The rhe most mo t of oC the teachers In the mili military military tary tar academy are arc Chinese who have been ben trained In modern tactics Some vice viceroy viceroy Ice have been educated abroad The Tho roy ro has hat an army arm of oC about troops and among these are arc 1000 who have ha e been heen drilled after the modern system s stem The Tho army arm Is IN largely officered by Chi Chinese nese who have hae been educated educate In foreign military 11 11 I tar academies It Is armed with modern guns uns and the foreign military attaches say sa that It would prove proe an un effective force In time of war THEY WANT THE TIlE BEST nEST BESTIn In the new army and In their schools he the Chinese are arc now using many man Jap Japanese anese Instructors and anil drill masters These will not last lust for most of them are tire Inefficient and this Is especially so of IC the teachers Tho The Japanese are arc arti artl ii and in tho the modern mod rn sciences and school methods are arc at lit best but skilful Imitators Imitator The Chinese are now non employing em employing plo them because of oC the similarity of oC the two languages and more es ef efI I on account of their cheapness Their work Is not nol proving good and these people who measure everything by hy results will soon SOOIl conic come to appreciate date n ato this and will be ready read to pay for Cor better trained brains Speaking of the Chinese wanting the best Dr R C Deebe Beebe the head of the thereat great reat Methodist hospital and school at I tells me mc of oC an In incident which r occurred this week In relation to one of his patients Said he China wants ants good goods and an Is pre prepared prepared prepared pared to pay pa for them For Instance I have a patient who broke his hi glass eye e e the other day da and as I was going to Shanghai ho loo asked me to buy bu him n a new one I did so and I have hae it here hert With this the doctor opened a box bo and showed me a false also eye Cl As A we tooled looked at It he continued I 1 sot got ot this thID eye cye In Shanghai and It cost cot ne me |