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Show THE LEIII SUN, LEIII, UTAH SEWING CIRCLE PATTERNS Kathleen Norris Says: Scalioped 3roch for lAJarm 2)Q Give It a Chance (jown and Rachel Set (Ladify '4. ' .4 A 9 Tt " j ... ' a W.I. Bell 8yndlc.t..-WNU r.atur.i. V 4 WAY Wln'fe mtfflifaiiftifliifcfr-i . Esa p spa - w f mm i I w9 I m Iff KlJSSlMliS... A i. INSTALLMENT TEN The war's climax came In 1943 with the successful defense of Stalingrad. Stalin-grad. The Germans had by this time been dealt a crippling blow to their air force In Africa. Russians Rus-sians pointed out scornfully that this African campaign Involved few men; however, it required masses of highly complicated transport and machines. Furthermore, the RAF and the Eighth Air Force in England were by then pounding German Industry, , and the Germans had to strip the Russian front of Messerschmitts to defend their home factories, so that for the first time the Russians had superiority In the air. Lend-Lease, Lend-Lease, Including thousands of trucks, was now pouring in, the German Ger-man lines of communication were perilously extended, and for the first time It was possible for a Russian army to move quickly out to envelop en-velop and cut off a German army, as theirs had been enveloped so many times before. Russia's factories behind the Urals were working; new ones were equipped with American machine HITLER FOUND THAT THI U. 1 I . IS A tlO NATION WHO OWNS THE WORLD'S KNOWN . OIL RESERVES SS o r m i m a M - 4 M M t M In M i it RUSSIA TRAINS MORE DOCTORS IB Russia is a big nation as Hitler also found out. tools. By the summer of 1944 at least half of the Red Army's road transportation was being supplied by 210,000 American military trucks, 40,000 Jeeps and 30,000 other military motor vehicles. She also had 8,600 American tanks and tank destroy, ers, and was using $225,000,000 worth of machine tools a total of $5,750,-000,000 $5,750,-000,000 worth of Lend-Lease aid. At last Russia's crushing superiority to manpower could become effective. effec-tive. But as the Anglo-American offensive offen-sive opened In France, the Soviet government loyally kept her agreement, agree-ment, made at Teheran, to start a drive from the east. To do this, she was drafting for front-line duty men who had already been discharged with wounds and others previously rejected for serious physical defects the dregs of any nation's power. But the Soviet government kept faith. One reason for the success of the Red Army Is that the breach between Its old-line, experienced officers of-ficers and the Communist Party is now completely healed. Originally the Red Army was burdened with a system of political commissars whose duty It was to watch the officers, of-ficers, and whose authority could under certain circumstances exceed that of the unit's regular commander. command-er. The political commissars have been absorbed In the army, with regular military rank and duties. Political education continues, but not to the neglect of military training. train-ing. Membership In the Communist Party always carries heavy responsibility, respon-sibility, and this continues in the army. Party members are supposed to set an example to the others not only In efficiency but In bravery under fire, and as consequence the Party has had more than Its share of casualties. Its membership, formerly for-merly 2.500,000, was increased to 4,000,000, but many of them have been killed. But the Party is strong in the army, and a man who wishes to advance ad-vance must usually join. The army's achievements have given giv-en it a great pride in itself and soma little contempt for the outside world. Moscow correspondents have a deep respect for the competence of its leadership and often, when irritated irri-tated by the stupidity of a Russian civilian official, they would remind each other that some of this was temporary, as all the country's really real-ly Intelligent and efficient men were In the Red Army. The farmer lives on a collective or state farm, where he does bis share of the common work. When the crop is sold, certain overhead expenses must be met There are substantial state taxes. His collective collec-tive probably owes money for farm implements and these Installments must be paid. The Collective has probably pledged itself to buy a tank for tha Red Army. Taking these i 1 1 I ll items together, nine-tenths of what it raises must be sold to the State at the low-pegged official price. But not all. A small surplus of produce usually remains, and this is distributed among the farmers, free either to eat it or bring it to town for sale in the free market at any price. This is also true of what each farmer raises in the small kitchen garden tract which is allotted allot-ted him. It is supposedly only large enough for his family's needs, but usually something is left over. In America commission men make the rounds of farm houses in trucks, buying surplus vegetables for resale in town. In the Soviet Union both the farmer and the commission man would get a five-year sentence, because be-cause that is exploitation. To avoid this crime, the Soviet farmer must take time to hitch up and go to market where he sells personally what he raises, and the hungry housewife may go by subway clear across Moscow to find him. The rouble-per-kilo prices I translate trans-late into American dollars and cents per pound. But remember that on this same basis, our Russian war worker gets a total of $20 a week. At the Rynok, she may buy eggs at $13.10 a dozen. She may buy as big a chunk of bread as she wants at the rate of $5.67 per pound. Mutton Mut-ton (or perhaps goat) a bargain at $11.34 per pound more than half her week's wages. Sugar beet at 80 cents a pound. Honey at $15 a pound. An old lady is selling a calf s head and its four knuckles at $18 for the collection, with the hair on and glassy eyes open, attracting a few flies. Another wrinkled old lady is selling sell-ing a bunch of peonies, asking (and getting) $1.60 per flower. A man is selling a crudely made wooden coat-hanger coat-hanger for $1.02. This sale is legal in Russia because the seller whittled whit-tled it himself. Potatoes are $1.05 cents a pound. Ripe currants in a jelly glass at a dollar without the glass. Cheese for $6 a pound. Stockings,, slightly used and carefully care-fully mended, cost $6.25 for the cotton cot-ton ones and $25 for the rayon pair. A man Is selling his extra pair of shoes, .somewhat worn but look fairly fair-ly stout, for 1,000 roubles $80 in our money exactly a month's salary for our warworker. A pair of new evening shoes would cost $333.33. Here a girl is selling a sweater since it is warm now and this is a real English camel's hair or cashmere. cash-mere. And any Russian would call it a bargain at $56. Still, this is June. She could get much more next October but she's hungry now. However, remember that these food prices listed above are exceptional; excep-tional; our $80 a month Soviet war-worker war-worker has already bought with her ration book at the government-controlled store about nine-tenths of the food she uses and has paid only $6.50 per month for it, at low -pegged, state prices. The Soviet government's problem was basically that of our own: its people were getting high war wages, but there was nothing to spend them on. We solve it partly by taxation and partly by selling our people bonds, so that after the war they might sell the bonds and buy merchandise mer-chandise at normal prices. War bonds are sold in Russia, many even bear interest. But a large proportion propor-tion of Soviet war financing consists of outright gifts solicited from individuals, in-dividuals, factories, and co-operatives, either in cash or in kind. Also the government gets money by charging fantastic prices for luxuries luxu-ries in state-owned stores, thus putting put-ting part of the war on a solid pay-as-you-go basis which would delight a Vermont Republican. Russians are skeptical about bonds, because a man who owns one has purchasing power the state can't control. His whims constitute a danger to the state economy. He may take a notion to buy before the government is ready to sell He may prefer a radio instead of a wooden table, and create a sudden shortage in radios! v- While dependent on state wages, he is on a hand-to-mouth basis and his purchasing power can be controlled. con-trolled. He will get a radio only when they are ready to make radios, and the first sets will go to those whom the government thinks most deserve them. If he owns a bond, or has hoarded his high wartime wages the whole carefully planned economy is threatened. The Soviet government has met this peril most ingeniously. In April of 1944, it reopened "Commercial Stores." In them the government sells you almost any luxury in food or clothing at prices about equal with those in the free market and without ration coupons. In American terms, the Soviet government runs its own black market mar-ket as a state enterprise to skim from "its workers the bulk of their war wages. When peace comes, they hope to have most of the worker's savings in the hands of the government (without obligation to repay him, as our government must redeem its war bonds) and he will be back on a hand-to-mouth basis, dependent on his government-controlled salary. In America a man who saves money is regarded as a sound and valuable citizen. In Russia he is viewed with suspicion as a hoarder, hoard-er, a potential capitalist to be watched for the criminal tendency of exploiting his fellow workers by giving them Jobs. Into one of these government-owned government-owned "Commercial Stores' steps our $20 a week Soviet warworker without her ration book. This black market is perfectly legal the government gov-ernment makes the profit not some racketeer. The cheapest grade of baloney sells for $13.20 per pound or boiled ham at $26.46 per pound or bacon at $24.57 per pound. A dressed chicken at only $13.20 per pound. Beef about the grade America uses for soup meat Is $13.62 per pound, mutton $13.20, and pickled herring $13.20 per pound. Luxuries, too. If she plans to have a few friends in for a snack, there is sliced, cooked sturgeon at $13.20 per pound, black caviar at $19.73 per pound; almond meats the same, and also hazel nuts. For an omelette from really fresh eggs (never sure In the free market) at only $1.25 per egg, and a pint of nice, fresh thick cream for $8. Swiss cheese at $20 per pound. Outside this store a long line stretches around the block; shabby warworkers eager to pay these prices. Inside there is another long line to the cashier's desk. It takes the better part of a day to get in, buy a few items and get out again. This is one "of only twenty "Com mercial Stores" in Moscow. The government has already tried patriotic appeal; countless drives urging factories and collective farms' to buy tanks and planes for the Red Army but this was not enough. There remains considerable money now in the hands of the farmers who have been selling food at the fantastic fantas-tic free market prices for some time, and have been paying fantastic fantas-tic prices for second-hand clothing. The government opened a chain of clothing stores exactly like its cem-mercial cem-mercial food stores, 'where new, stout, warm clothes, including many luxury items, are on sale at black market prices. Thus, it takes from the farmer all he has saved from selling food in the free market to city workers. The people do not protest the gov ernment taking over the functions of the illegal black market. They seem glad to buy these things, and count the new shops among the other oth-er blessings of this society. Some effort is made to present the merchandise attractively, just as our post office would prefer to put out pretty stamps. But it doesn't greatly matter, any more than Kansas Kan-sas particularly cares whether its auto license tags are prettier or easier eas-ier to screw on than those of neighboring neigh-boring Oklahoma. The architect who drew the plans for dreary workers' apartment had to please, not the people who live in it, nor the promoter-owners who hoped to keep it rented, but the government gov-ernment officials who approved his drawings. The tenants live there not because they like its facade or its plumbing, but because it belongs to the factory where they work or because they lack the necessary prestige or political connections to wangle more square meters of living liv-ing space in a better one. Under our way of doing things, a man who saves money instead of spending it to have a good time, per- Russia's wheat fields saved that country. forms a useful act For out of such savings our factories are built and our farms improved. These Socialists can argue that when saving and spending are left up to the individual, they can get out of control and wreck a nation's business structure. Panicky saving can stop all business activity and throw millions out of work. They can argue that the greatest waste of capitalism is not the money we spend feeding the unemployed, but the valuable man-hours of work which our nation loses when these millions are either idle, or when they are employed by the state in ways which do not compete with private pri-vate business. (TO BE CONTINUED) flii.V'I.V.V 1'IT umui Thousands of molhert-in-law haw oeen nappuy ui of homes tor years, in every generation." By KATHLEEN NORRIS ' r HE and her mother had such a swell time run-fling run-fling the kids while I was away," writes Billy Williams, Wil-liams, "that sometimes I think Sally would just as soon I hadn't come back! I like the old lady well enough, but gosh, I didn't think she was going to settle down and live with us!" "My return is a disappointment disappoint-ment to Margaret," writes an older soldier. "I see it I've felt it from the hour of my return. re-turn. I'm back in my old job, but not at my old pay; the firm has changed hands, nothing is as comfortable as it used to be. I'm slowed down in some way tired in mind and soul as well as body, I guess. I hope we can work it out, but I know she's disappointed in me." "My husband has come home a changed man," say scores of letters let-ters from young wives. "He wants to do crazy things give up his job and go pioneer somewhere. He doesn't like the baby. He talks so bitterly. He's suspicious of every' thing I did while he was away." "We don't seem to be the same people," many of the letters say sad ly. "Perhaps we didn't know each other well enough when we went so gaily into that wartime marriage. I made new friends when he was away. He doesn't like them. We both hate divorce, but we can't see ourselves as ever being happy to gether again." To all of these I want to say, "Oh, kids, kids be patient! All this is part of the price humanity has to pay for the Insanity of war. Don't add to the terrible sum total of the world's misery today the wreck age of what was so gay and beautiful beau-tiful a courting time, only a few years ago; don't make it all a lie, that lovely hour of promises and hope and confidence! Prayer and Patience. Be patient Wait Give all these troubles time time and silence and faith and prayer and win through to the happiness of a real mar riage. Every man thinks he has to pro test if his wife s mother lives in his house. This is as old a convention as marriage itself; many a young man otherwise good-natured and generous gen-erous will stipulate in his engage ment days "no mother-in-law!" And many a young man's mother will warn him, "Don't have Judy's mother with you, dear it never works!" Now, as a matter of fact, it often works. Thousands of mothers-in- law have been happily established in thousands of homes for years, in every generation. A home with two affectionate and understanding women In it works far better than a home with one; a thousand daily problems that are vexatious and be wildering to a woman alone, are solved simply and easily when Mother Moth-er is there to sit with the sick child. finish the ironing, answer the telephone, tele-phone, keep the mending basket from bursting. And who benefits from this? The husband, of course. He may not know it, but the single element that contributes most to his comfort com-fort at home may be that same mother-in-law. As for the wistful , husband who writes me that he is a "disappoint ment to Margaret," he need only wait only be patient and in the course of events entirely unforeseen now he will regain all his old security se-curity and happiness. Bt came home a changed man. i l m& MOTHER-IN-LAWS PLACE IN THE HOME The war has given a new twist to the mother-in law problem. When the husband went off to the army or navy, his mother-in-law often came into his home to help with the children. After a year or two, she became rather firmly established, es-tablished, as in the situation discussed today. Billy Williams believes his wife and her mother resent his return. "They had such a swell time running the kids while I was away, that I some-times some-times think Sally would just as soon I hadn't come backr writes this disillusioned veteran. Everyday Men and Women. After the highly emotional crises of parting and separation, after the fervid love-letters that came from a lonely man in camp to a lonely woman waiting at home, It is shock to find each other only an everday man and woman, with everyday ev-eryday problems of meals and plumbers' bills and dentist and crowded trains and the claims of unreasonable small children to meet. We would have to be supernatural super-natural In our heroism to resume normal living unscarred by the unnatural un-natural and tragic interruption of war. But even though most of us have not enough character for that hero ism, we can school ourselves to patience. pa-tience. Half the battle is won when a man and a woman realize the danger dan-ger of this world crisis, realize that the restlessness and disillusionment they feel are. not being experienced by themselves alone; realize that there is hardly a household in America Amer-ica that is not being obliged to rearrange re-arrange all its ideas, abandon some of its dreams, settle down to a type of living that is entirely unlike the bright romantic future that the war time letters predicted. Give it time, all of you. You'll find the right house. The job will to prove. The spoiled babies will begin be-gin to fall into line. Life will be full and good again for you both. It'll be all worth while. For believe me, the chances are 99 to 1 that your happiness lies in each other, and in making a suc cess of tins experiment that seems so close to failure. Don't gamble on that hundredth chance! Cancer Now No. 2 Killer Every year 160,000 men and worn-en worn-en die of cancer, while 600,000 are currently afflicted. And because one of every six deaths between the ages of 45 and 70 Is due to cancer, an increasing rate of life expectancy throughout the nation is bringing more and more people Into the danger dan-ger group. Next to heart disease, cancer is the most common cause of death. There are certain signs of cancer, can-cer, as compiled by the American Cancer society, which, if detected, should be examined immediately by a doctor. These signs are: any sore that does not heal particularly about the tongue, mouth or lips-painless lips-painless lump or thickening, particul larly in the breast the lip or the tongue; irregular bleeding or discharge dis-charge from the nipple or any na-rural na-rural body opening; progressive change in the color or size of a wart mole or birthmark; persistent and unexplained indigestion after 35. persistent hoarseness, un-explained un-explained cough or pronounced difficulty dif-ficulty in swallowing FEWER DINING ROOMS Dining rooms are disappearing in Amencan homes." Many famSies are throwing out the formal dining room furniture, and are using com-pact com-pact extension tables placed before window or wall If mn , .... or four persons are to be served toe table can be moved to the"S ter of the room. Side chairs frora S 'ndKthere aredrwnupto S table when necessary. This Bia! gives a house a "second room, where there is m S Piano, radio and other pieces. I m "f.u A For Snmmer Wear. FOR pleasant summer afternoons, a beautifully fitting dress that comes in a wide size range. The scalloped neckline is very flattering, flatter-ing, brief pleated sleeves are cool and comfortable. Note the dainty, feminine shoulder shirring. Deserving De-serving of all the compliments you'll gather. Pattern No. 8010 comes in sizes 32. 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46. Size 34 requires 3ii yards of 35 or 39-inch material Blend your curtains after launr dering them instead of before. After curtains are washed, ironed, and hung in place, you can see where the mend will come and can arrange curtains to hide it. Do not hang feather pillows in the sun as it draws the natural oil out of the feathers, lessening their resiliency. Air them on a cloudy, windy day. If the shoulder lines of your favorite sweaters are beginning to droop, sew in shoulder pads. This will give the sweaters smart new lines. Add a little borax when making starch to give a gloss to articles when ironed. After starch is made, stir in a little cold-water to prevent pre-vent formation of "scum" on top. A good sprinkling space for dampening, clothes can be made by placing a discarded nier of nil. cloth over the ironing board. Place a well equipped shoe shine kit where your familv will rpa it and be tempted to use it to prolong me uie oi tneir shoes. Keep a coarse comb in the laundry laun-dry to Straiehten and nntanoU washed fringes. Li I f.-". .NJ -01 r YWSA Vgl ris. to light end fluffy flov nwjluiAK Alnt) ANU FAIN) Jlirr mm ff F,,v I I 1432 12-42 Nightdress and Bed Jacket YOUTHFUL and gay J dress to add a elamrO to your wardrobe. Huge f bows accent the drawstring and waist. To match, a sP easy-to-make bed Jacket i the set in a pretty all-over Is print with soft harmonizing A wonderful shower gift 'g bride-to-be. ... Pattern No. 1432 Is for lzei n J 18, 20; 40 and 42. Size 14, gown si; J of 35 or 39-inch material; lickr yards; 43,i yards 3-inch ribbon fa i Send your order to: j SEWING CIRCLE PATTFuv tin . -..uihi M 709 Mission St., San Francisco, 01 pattern desired. Pattern No. ,, sJ Nam Address- VS. You can also t h in Kellogg'i VARIETX-o- cereals, m generuu yoo bandy carton I ' tI - n.l Pflurfer th the BALANCED Double 8BD Ml loom Clobber Girl b today', bakinfl pojH the natural choice for the modem iw i balanced double action gora7W STIFF JOINTS and S i uiirrmiB .... ...... met IfllMTS r |