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Show THE LEHI SUN, LEW, UTAH P i5M ON TKE h i nh Miriiiii iiwJtiiiT(ii'ff'f ir- U. S. Farm Expert Gives Friendly Advice to China Department of Agriculture Officials Visit Chinese, Suggest Practical Methods Of Increasing Food Production. By BAUKIIAGE Newt Analytt and Commentator. WNTJ Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. Out In Falls Church. Virginia, a little way from Washington, there lives a friend of mine who was brought up on a farm. Last yew, some new neighbors moved In next door city folks, you could tell ,by looking at them, but full of pep and vinegar and very patriotic. They started out to make a victory garden. gar-den. My friend could tell by the way they handled their hoes that before long, they'd be asking him for advice. ad-vice. He's a good neighbor, but he isn't nosey. So he just waited. Well, It wasn't long before the man next door came up, leaned over the fence, and said: "How is it your garden Is coming along so good and mine ain't?" My friend smiled, and then he pitched in and told him some of the facts of plant life. It isn't going to benefit my friend even if his neighbor's garden is a record breaker but he's a typical American and he's doing what we all used to do back in the old days when neighbor depended on neighbor neigh-bor giving a helping hand when it is needed. Last week, I sat down across the desk from a big, black-haired fel-, fel-, low, who looks a lot younger than he is in years and wisdom. His name Is Dr. Ralph W. Phillips. When I talked with him, he had Just returned from giving a little neighborly advice over the back fence to our Chinese neighbors. He's in charge of genetics investigations for the Department of Agriculture and he was loaned to the State department, de-partment, along with some 21 other experts, to go over to China (at the Invitation of the Chinese) to look around and see what ought to be done to improve their stock. For you and me and most Americans, Ameri-cans, even those who don't know any more about a farm than to think "shorts' are Just underwear, a cow that doesn't give milk wouldn't be much of a critter. But believe it or Dot, one of the results which it is hoped Dr. Phillips' trip will achieve is to explain to the Chinese why cows have udders. First-Hatid Fact The Chinese know many things which we don't know, but Phillips has put between the covers of a book now being printed in China, a lot of things that the Chinese never knew before. He got his facts first hand, traveling over most of the unoccupied un-occupied parts of China with the Chinese Minister of Agriculture and a good interpreter, and collated them against his own expert knowledge knowl-edge of animal husbandry. But as he said to me, if you know anything about a cow, a sheep or a horse, you don't need an Interpreter to tell you what's the matter with it. It was a hot day in Washington when I interviewed Dr. Phillips and be had his coat and vest off. "I'm a shirtsleeve diplomat," be laid to me. When I learned a little more of the details of his particular job, I realized that it was one in which you had to take off your coat and roll up your sleeves. Among other things, he rode several hundred miles over what the Chinese laughingly laugh-ingly call roads. In ancient automobiles, auto-mobiles, and a good many miles on the back of a very tough Mongolian pony. This friendly, easy-going shirt-lleeve shirt-lleeve scientist typifies a new order he is part of a new, honest effort (as one member of the State department depart-ment said to me) "to establish a relationship of people to people" rather than a relationship of diplo mat to diplomat, or government to government Dr. Phillips witnessed the effects of the great migration of fhe Chinese government followed by Its universities, its people, its indus tries. This great movement, enforced en-forced by the Japanese occupation. opened up vast territory In western and northwestern China about which very little was known and with which the mlers of China heretofore have been very little concerned. For the sake of this discussion, China can be roughly divided Into two quite different agricultural domains. In the crowded eastern provinces. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Nazi Airfields, Defense Fortifications Smashed by Huge Allied Air Armadas; House Group Studies Income Tax Plan; Midwest Floods Cause Heavy Damage Released by Western Newspaper Union. . small farming and very small farm ing, indeed, is the chief activity. Ir the west, there are great grass lands better adapted to the raisinj of stock. Animal husbandry In China mus1 meet one immediate problem, anc that is, increasing and improvini, production in the western part o! the country and breeding for re stocking in the areas which will b re-occupied when the Japanese an driven out. The heavy demands for food bj the American military, to say noth j lng of China's own soldiers, make 1 1 necessary for the Chinese to in crease food production to th j utmost. At present, however, Dr, Phillips reported that except for th famine areas where drouth or in sects have affected the crops, tlx Chinese people have more fooc ! available than is popularly believed But they aren't making the mos j of their cows and pigs and chickens ; As to the Chinese cow, about which j Dr. Phillips spoke with great feel j ing, one of tb first things to do if i to teach the Chinese peasant that i; gives milk and that milk is a prettj good food. And then to improve th breed so that it will give milk. Ai present, the cow is a beast of bur den, a draft animal. However, H isn't even as good a draft animal as it could be. It will not be difft cult to improve the breed so that i' will be more efficient as a beast o) burden and as a milk giver at th same time. Of course, the Nomadic people who live on the great plains ol northern China, who live from theii herds, use the milk as food, mostlj dried in the form of casein. Thej also store butter. They have the yah and a hybrid animal, a cross between be-tween a yak and a cow, which it called a "pian-niu." The chickens In China aren't much to crow about either, I takt It, from Dr. Phillips' description. Ii they lay only 50 to 60 eggs a year, nobody complains. There, too breeding from selected types thai China already has would be a great help. Dr. Phillips likes the Chinese don keys and in spite of personal experiences experi-ences on their backs, thinks Mongolian Mon-golian horses have possibilities Very good mules are produced bj crossing the Mongolian mare anc the donkey. But the Mongolian horst is a little, tough-mouthed, flat-with ered, crooked-legged animal whict could be greatly improved witl inter-breeding with a good saddle horse strain. No Ordered Effort Dr. Phillips had first-hand expert ence with these little animals whose ancestors were tough enough tc carry Ghangis Khan across Asia but are too tough to follow the bridle U they get other ideas. Up until now, there seems to have been no ordered effort by the representatives repre-sentatives of any other foreign country coun-try to assist in the improvement ol Chinese livestock. Missionaries here and there have introduced bettei grades which have had an influence in the Immediate vicinity, Germat missionaries brought in some nice fat pigs. Others Introduced gooc chickens and cows. But these were only a drop in the bucket The Chinese Department of Agriculture Agri-culture itself is a new thing and has very little background of training oi experience. Perhaps the one most important influence has been the ex change established between Cornel university and the University it Nanking. A number of experts ir agriculture have been trained ai Cornell and have gone back tc China. Naturally with such a large pro portion of the population illiterate it will be exceedingly difficult tc spread the information even wher the Chinese leaders themselves are trained. The present Chinese government, despite the fact that almost ever ounce of energy has to be turnec toward fighting the war, has showr an interest evidenced by the wel come reception given the various American representatives, and the United States on its side has sough to Improve its relations betweer people and extend its influence bj this activity which is a part of the cultural relations program. T E IE FACT GROWTH OF U.S. NAVY (SHIPS IN COMMISSION) IANUART I, j JANUARY I, 1944 4,167 BRIEFS by Baukhage Premier Hideki Tojo'a government govern-ment has announced details of a countrywide "vacant lots utilization program" under which the land along railroad lines and highways, as well as other available vacant areas, will be put to use for growing grow-ing pumpkins and soybeans to help solve Japan's war food problems. The plan is quite reminiscent of our own victory gardens. Yanks on leave in British restau rants ask for roast beef, Yorkshire pudding, fish-and-chips and home made scones, while British custom ers have taken to traditionally American dishes such as cbeesi with apple pie, and fried chickej and waffles, the British Informatiot services report. The war may leac to an exchange of cooking recipe as well as an exchange of ideas EUROPE: Zero Hour All the world tensed in anticipation anticipa-tion of the U. S. and British Invasion Inva-sion of western Europe, expected to coincide with other Allied thrusts in the Mediterranean and a great Russian Rus-sian offensive against German lines in eastern Poland. As the enemy reported on huge concentrations of Allied shipping and naval formations in English waters, neutral sources quoted German Ger-man strength at 90,000 men in Norway; Nor-way; 180,000 in Finland; 180,000 in the Balkans; 375,000 in Italy; 75,000 along the Mediterranean coast; 450,- 000 along the Atlantic wall, with 900,000 at strategic points In France, Germany and central Europe and finally 2,625,000 in Russia. As the zero hour approached for the greatest battle in history, U. S. and British bombers roared over Europe, smashing at concrete and steel defense bunkers, ripping up communication lines over which the enemy might rush troop concentrations concentra-tions and pouring fire on industries supplying the Nazi wehrmacht. INCOME TAX: Plan Simplification Of the nation's 50,000,000 taxpay ers, 30,000,000 would not be required to file individual returns if congress approves the house ways and means committee's simplification bill, drawn after lusty protests over present complicated forms. Under the committee's bill, a per son earning up to $5,000 would have his whole tax deducted under the withholding plan, and he would just have to file a copy of his employer's withholding receipt at the year's end. To simplify tax rates, the com mittee's bill calls for abolition of the victory tax and the creation of a normal tax of 3 per cent and a sur tax starting at 20 per cent on all income in excess of personal exemptions and a straight 10 per cent credit. CIVILIAN GOODS: Production Urged Following congressional pressure applied particularly by Senators Stewart (Tenn.) and Wherry (Neb.), the War Production board withdrew a previous order freezing civilian goods output to first quarter levels. As a result of WPB'S latest ac tion, opportunity should develop for a gradual reconversion to consumer merchandise, particularly In those plants facing expiration of war contracts con-tracts and shutdowns. "Military production will not be hurt by a gradual conversion of industry in-dustry to the manufacture of civilian civil-ian goods," Senator Wherry said. "There is no reason why flat irons, automobile parts, general machin ery parts, alarm clocks and dozens of other urgently needed products cannot be made now." CORN: U. S. Sole Buyer To supply processing Industries with badly needed supplies of corn, the government froze all farm or elevator sales of the grain in 125 counties in Nebraska, Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois and Indiana except to U. S. agencies. At the same time, War Food administration ad-ministration announced that the government would stand all expense of shelling and transporting corn from the farm to the elevators, where sellers would receive the local lo-cal ceiling price. Approximately 80,000.000 bushels of corn are needed by the processing industry for making food products and material for fiber board, adhe-sives, adhe-sives, drugs, vitamins, explosives, chemicals, plastics, etc. PACIFIC: Trap Japs Around 140,000 Japs stood trapped in the South Pacific with the U. S. invasion of Hollandia in north central cen-tral New Guinea, about 1,400 miles distant from Gen. Douglas MacAr-thur'r MacAr-thur'r coveted goal of the Philippines Philip-pines As Doughboys fought inland from Hollandia to take over the airfields which would give them command over shipping lanes supplying enemy ene-my troops to the southeast, good word also came from India, where British and native forces stood up against fierce Jap efforts to sever the Bengal-Assam railroad feeding Lieut. Gen, Joseph Stilwell's Allied units hacking out the Ledo road to China from north Burma. The 140,000 in Jap troops trapped by the Hollandia invasion stretched all the way from the newly embattled embat-tled area to the Solomons, with their shipping lanes jeopardized by the superior U. S. air and naval forces, so far unable to draw out the enemy fleet lurking closer to its bases to the west. FLOOD: Extensive Damage Town and country alike were Inundated Inun-dated as flood waters surged throughout the central Mississippi river basin, approaching record peaks at many points, with early counts showing 10 dead and many homeless. Northernmost danger point was around Beardstown, HI., where the r A 1 ... TO 4. Flood scene in Illinois. Illinois' river hovered around the 20 foot mark, flooding productive bot tom-lands. Between the mouth of the Missouri Mis-souri river and Cairo, HI., where the mighty Ohio river flows into the Mississippi, high waters lapped at straining levees, and a little farther far-ther down, St. Louis reported a crest of approximately 33 feet Extensive damage was caused in Wichita, Kansas, where the residential residen-tial district stood in water waist deep. As conditions improved in Kansas, they worsened in neighboring neighbor-ing Missouri and Arkansas. ARSENAL: U. S. Aids Allies , The "arsenal of democracy" the U. S. with its gigantic, ' efficient industrial in-dustrial machine has supplied the Allies with weapons and munitions valued at nearly 10 billion dollars since March of 1941. Although the Allies paid for some of the deliveries, most were lend- leased, including 23,000 planes, 23,500 tanks and 550,000 motor vehicles. In all, the Allies paid for 7,000 planes. 1,500 tanks and 250,000 vehicles. i During the three-year period, the U. S. also aided the Allies with the production of $1,800,000,000 of aircraft air-craft engines and parts, $2,700,000,- 000 of weapons, munitions, steeL aluminum and other metals, and hundreds of millions of gallons of gasoline. HIGHLIGHTS in tht tceek'i newt BIG LEAGrE PILOT: Mel Ott. manager of the New York Giants baseball club, has been accepted by .the army. He is 35 and has two children. chil-dren. Ott joined the Giants at 16 and remained with them for 19 years, a league record. He also holds the league home run record of 465 and for runs batted in with 1,669. He i$ the first big league manager to be drafted. DRIED EGGS: Profits of the egg drying industry will be somewhat reduced by action of the War Food administration. The WFA will now allow cost of processing and approximately ap-proximately five cents profit per pound of egg powder. Some processors proces-sors had been buying eggs at considerably con-siderably below support prices, and so were obtaining an unduly large profit pjw "mum 7 :: Justice Douglas DRAFT: nfh an Losses .. .... t.. Pacific mill- unless diuuycaii tary operations impose a seve dram on manpower - ice officials expect 1944 draft caus to be met with men under 30, it was revealed. i.j,.i;nn f vnnnper i.ion, now- ever, may place a heavy straiii on i Industry and agriculture, DraK Director Lewis B. Hershey declared, , . . u...,v.!illv nn- adding: uioer men, jjij-'v - i fit for service ... and women can I and must replace these young men , at the lathes and on the tractors ... j Of monthly requirements for 150.-000 150.-000 men, General Hershey said, i l an nnn nnM Ka mot from ffii'n ; UuOUb ou,uuu taxi becoming 18. and the rest must be supplied from the 1,000,000 under 26 now deferred, of whom 600,000 are , expected to pass meir puja.w- STEEL: Union Grows Philin Murrav's United Steelwork- ers of America have grown into one of the most powerful labor organizations organiza-tions in the country, with membership member-ship of 936,500 and net assets of $3,313,077, including $2,174,313 in cash, according to a semi-annual report re-port of the union. nnrinsr the vear ended November 30, 1943, the USA signed up 210,875 new members and increased assets by $1,538,177, including $759,313 cash. During the six-month period ending end-ing November 30, '1943, USA paid $227,000 to the CIO with which it is affiliated, and also raised $102,500 for the CIO's political action committee. Costs of negotiations and wage scale conferences totaled $35,376 and traveling trav-eling expenses of officials and representatives repre-sentatives were $78,161. SUPREME COURT: Religious Freedom In a majority decision -read by Justice Douglas, the U. S. Supreme court reaffirmed the freedom of religious worship, asserting no jury had the right to pass on the validity of any doctrine. doc-trine. "Freedom of thought . . . embraces em-braces the right to maintain theories of life and death and of the hereafter which are rank heresy to followers of orthodox faiths," Justice Douglas said. ". . . Men may believe what they cannot prove. They may not be put to the proof of their religious doctrines or beliefs. Religious experiences ex-periences which are as real as life to some may be incomprehensible to others ..." ' "If one could be sent Ho jail because be-cause a jury in a hostile environment environ-ment found these teachings false, little indeed would be left of religious reli-gious freedom," the justice said, adding that if the doctrines of the parties involved in the court case were subject to judgment, "then the same can be done with the religious beliefs of other sects." ARMY: Ask Single Command In the interests of efficiency, unity of command, economy and elimination elimina-tion of duplications, -two war department depart-ment officers studying reorganization reorganiza-tion of the services urged the con-solidation con-solidation of the army and navy into a single command instead of separate sepa-rate arms as at present. However, the spokesmen refused to go as far as Representative Maas (Minn.), who also suggested the adoption of a single uniform for all branches ,and their functioning as teams. Declaring unity of command at the top would be sufficient, the spokesmen favored retaining the separate identities of the services. Without a single command, the spokesmen said, the task of coordinating coordi-nating army and navy units and preparing for defense must be left to the President without any workable work-able machinery to aid him. Economies Econo-mies in securing munitions and other oth-er supplies would be effected through a single command, the spokesmen asserted. WORLD BANK: For Trade Stability Consultant economists of 30 out of the 34 United Nations were reported to have agreed on the formation of V?nv-lbank a "Pitalization of 10 billion dollars to promote international inter-national business stability in the postwar period. Functions of the bank in which the U S. would have a 2 billion dollar toterest would be to provide member mem-ber nations with finances for holdine up the value of their money Dre venting any drops that would depress de-press their business activity. Great Britain with $1,250,000 000 and Russia with $1,000,000,000 would be the two other biggest subscribers to the bank, on whose managine committee of nine, the U. S. wSd have one vote. BRITISH TAXES The British exchequer intends to raise about 12 billion dollars 0f t5 annual cost of the war by taxation mately $300 for every person in the kingdom The year's expenditure lor war wdl i be douber amount or slightly more than J Further increases in the tax non-essential itB . . on iThe basic rate US i fn mcom and 100 per Vt ? i luxury items. Cent 00 IPS I ! Tales of the Dig Toivn: Williston Rich of the Time mag factory tried for years to convince Ws colleagues mere that Bob Hope would make an interesting profile But he was always nh-nh d . . . c ' went on a short holiday, and fhe bossi suddenly decided that Hope should be given .salute . . . The piece was prepared by the guy pinch-hitting for Mr. Rich . . . I So what? So Reader's Digest picked it up and sent the pinch-hit-ter a check for $1,000! Some of the men from a redlstrt-bution redlstrt-bution center were entertaining at the Latin Quarter the other midnight mid-night . . When they finished they tipped the waiters lavishly and called over a bus-boy to hand him a few dollars . . . "Thank you. Lieutenant," he said, "but I couldn t accept any gratuity. Just waiting on you has been a pleasure. You see I was wounded in your sector,' sec-tor,' discharged, and I'm now back helping the war effort by serving you and all other men in the war" Then he opened his white coat ... ... and displayed his campaign nuouna ... The officers stood and saluted the bus-boy. It was all very lumpy-In-the-throat and thrilling. A group of midtowners were gabbing gab-bing about charges of "innuendo" over the radio, and a veteran recalled re-called this Jimmy Walker story . . . During his first campaign for Mayor of New York, LaGuardia charged the popular Walker with all sorts of corruption, and Walker never an-iwered. an-iwered. "Why should I make his campaign cam-paign for him?" he said to a paL "I won't build him up. It would be fun, though, to ask him one question. ques-tion. What was he doing in Water-bury Water-bury on July 16, 1928?" "Was LaGuardia .there then?" asked the friend. "I dunno," replied Walker, "but if I asked that question he could deny It until he was blue in the gills. A lot of suckers would still believe there was something fishy about him and Waterbury!" mHOMF FrhmtH III I r - Sid Sheldon reports that a company com-pany of boys from the Army Signal Corps were sent to the induction station sta-tion for overseas physicals. One of them (in the army three years) wandered wan-dered into the wrong line and wound up being examined with selectees. The final doctor told him he was 4-F. "But," protested the soldier, "I'm already to the Army!" "Nonsense," snapped the medico, "get dressed and go home!" The poor soldier got back into uniform, uni-form, returned to camp and said nothing. How do you explain to a Top Sarge that you're 4-F? Congress refused to put another heavy tax on horse racing. It imposed im-posed 30 per cent tax on night clubs where servicemen get real recreation. recrea-tion. Racing has a powerful lobby In Washington, and the night club owners (with a 600 million dollar industry) in-dustry) had a very weak lobby. Some Chicago cafe people, however, how-ever, sent the members of the Ways and Means Committee (and the Senate Sen-ate Finance Comm.) large posters, lAich burned the legislators to a crisp because they know they are true. The posters show thousands If people throwing away their money It race tracks. The caption: "No tax here! They had a powerful lob-ly!' lob-ly!' The opposite side shows men in Bniform in night clubs enjoying themselves dancing, etc. The caption: cap-tion: "These boys are giving their blood and had no lobby. They pay 30 per cent extra for their fun!" That tax is the highest on anything in our history. The Intelligentsia: Tommy Har. mon, the hero, will do a book on his war adventures for Crowell Poet Joseph Auslander's "The Unl conquerables" (poetry in epic form) Is his best . . . senator James A. Mead s book, "Tell the Folks Back Home, will arrive May 8th via pIeton;entury . . Kyle Crich-ton Crich-ton of Collier's once wrote "the novel nov-el a dying literary form. Stories are best told via straight reporting -ThtT v Kyle's The Proud People." is in its 3rd S s '-yven year old McClure (founder of the old Metre's mag) will receive the'or-der the'or-der of Merit plus $1,000 cash prize from the Nafl Institute of Arts ,n1 Letters . . Stanley Richards' new Play script (a cartoon to three acts) J titled: "Marriage Is for SS People" ... When Billy Rose hear. nSrks r6 hCel r "o-good he Dame down on ver-long ver-long "Drop Dead List" After a recent raid in Italy ordmg to Irv Hoffman) an a,, re badly hurt HavV J W' y0U -ant?"hae:sted y1 t'Iwon't die!" He didn't , RuthSnyethIk 1 DO YOU have a larg( house that Innlro not fill it with a group OX witn-iwio mi wiucn you an attractive nrm rr , . """s vines? ' This sketch shows a 'set 3 u, a quaint oid-fa-v heart riesien mm. . j the living room. The center' USE PATTtfi, THEN 14 SHELF w' in m ftTr i i BRACKETS T0F I MARK 1 1 T BORE " A okkuwSI, HOLES Yf i et is fourteen inches wide w of the matching smaller W on eacn side. The sketch shows how easy it is to cut c heart design with a sharp after boring holes with a and bit. Any school boy t i the use of a coping saw or H a jig saw may make these-ful these-ful brackets. NOTE Mrs. Spears has Bran- actual size pattern (or all the pJ mis sei ox wan DracKets, with r- directions for cutting, assembling Ishing. The lines of these brae so well proportioned that you will :, to own them.. Ask for Patten 26; close 15 cents, which covers c mailing. Address: MRS. RUTH WYETH SPEAB Bedford Hills Ken Drawer 10 Enclose IS cents for Patterns: Name ., Address 4 m ftisteai and it i del of I iStU( I when ten, a vears Beakir h Hex: StJoseo ASPIRIN WORLD S LARGEST SlUil Bill irince that h fcries o: Irf ffile screen leen r lorsen Judge States All of the 83 past andp: justices of the Supreme C; the U. 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Mf Whn bow.li tft r- A fxl irritable hdchy, " J do-ehw FEEN-A-MDrT, V chvwine-guo l"t,"L, A FEEN-A-MINT Wort 7 direction -tleep witbouttte. fr1 tnrbed. Nex morning V i:. feel I6". , S3f Taste. and economical. A generous tJb i-i-i-ii h lllfiTl;1" h k r J f l f i- m I " in re |