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Show AMERICAN FORK CITIZEN aWl llCj S3 SB IS MY ; Metallur.1. toe richest Donald Nelson Remolded By Government Service Thinks Public Officials' Responsibilities Are Greater Than Businessmen's; Believes Expansion Necessary to U. S. By BAUKIIAGE Nnvi Analytt and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building. Washington, D. C. Ai Donald Nelson, head of the War Production board, sips his tea In Chungking, what is he thinking bout? He knows that most of Washington thinks he Is through. He knows that some people think that if he is, business, big and little, has lost a friend at court. He recalls that, before he could walk up the ramp of his plane to take off on this hazy mission to Cathay, Ca-thay, the President had casualjy remarked re-marked at a press and radio conference con-ference that the WPB chief would not necessarily take up his former duties when he returned. He knew then that in all probability probabili-ty congress would past the demobilization-reconversion bill which, although al-though it does not name the WPB specifically, nevertheless does give power to a new agency which would make Mr. Nelson's organization a mere appendage. He knew, too, that many of his colleagues who remain on the board, or hold other positions which will affect af-fect American economics in the next months, if not years, hold views contrary con-trary to his. Privately he calls them "contractlonlsts," while he calls himself an "expansionist." A battle between these two categories Is going on now. Mr. Nelson's fate may influence the outcome. Because the results of this struggle strug-gle may affect America's economy vitally in the next few years I think it is rather important to consider Mr. Nelson's own attitude; an attitude, atti-tude, a philosophy, if you will, which has gradually developed since he has been In Washington. I believe Nelson wants to stay in government I believe, as do a small percentage of persons who are interested in-terested in his fate, that he will be DONALD NELSON offered as good a Job. or a better one than be has had. What the "contractionist expansionist" controversy con-troversy means to the country's business, busi-ness, I'll take up in a minute, but first rd like to say a little more about Nelson. I have gleaned my views from no key-hole peeping, no rifling of Mr. Nelson's flies, but from those who know him well, plus some of my own observations. There are two reasons why I believe be-lieve Mr. Nelson wants to stay in government One is partly psychological and .has to do with what has happened to Nelson's own attitude toward government gov-ernment which his closest friends have watched develop. The other has to do with this idea of "expansionism," "expan-sionism," definition of which entails a number of facts and figures, some of which may startle you as they did me when I saw them assembled for the first time and had them carefully care-fully checked and double-checked. They reveal strikingly what the economic eco-nomic problem is which this country Is facing and which so far it seems ill-prepared to meet. Nelson came here from big business busi-ness Sears Roebuck is pretty J&ig, He was used to pressing buttons and giving orders like most big businessmen. busi-nessmen. This particular function is a poor buffer against the slings and arrows of which Washington has more than a quiverful FINDS WAYS TO . GET THINGS DONE Most businessmen, as one old-time politician said to me the other day. sure Immediately affected in one of BRIEF S . The British government has relaxed re-laxed its rigid blackout rules. The people of Sweden, preparing to celebrate the victory of the Allies over the axis, have flooded the "largest fireworks manufacturing company" in Stockholm with orders tor fiery portraits of Prime Minister Minis-ter Churchill, Marshal Joseph Stalin, Stal-in, and President Roosevelt i ... .v.?".'.-.:- -jf . ... J vM 1 two ways when they step into public life. There are the ones who, when the buzzer isn't answered immediately, immedi-ately, or when the order is criticized or Its wisdom or even its Integrity questioned, explode in haughty anger. an-ger. And there are the ones who learn to take it and go right ahead and find a way to get things done, with the chips and quips falling where they may, including into .their own breakfast coffee. Nelson is in the latter class. He not only can take it but he has grown to like it. In fact, he has decided, de-cided, unless his friends read him wrong indeed, that he wants to be a . public servant That he believes he can get more satisfaction out of public pub-lic life than out of private life. That doesn't mean that he will simply let himself be kicked upstairs into a sinecure. He will demand a job that he believes is a real one in which he can truly serve. And now we come to the second thing which has influenced Nelson's attitude, and it like the first brought about something like a conversion con-version in the man. Just as he became convinced that a public career ca-reer offered the best opportunity of service, so Nelson became converted convert-ed to expansionism in general and to the importance of small business In particular and this is one of the causes of friction in the WPB today a notable result of which was the resignation of Charles E. Wilson. In the course of his experience in Washington, Nelson became convinced con-vinced that maximum productivity of industry is essential to prosperity, : and more recently, that the protection protec-tion of small business in the coming com-ing readjustment period is essential to maximum production. He felt , that if big business were to succeed ; and the capitalistic system of free enterprise were to be preserved, lit-, tie business must be expanded. ! Specifically, Mr. Nelson believes, i according to his often-expressed : opinion, that the more little busi-; nesses there are, selling the things that a firm like Sears Roebuck sells, the more things Sears Roebuck , will sell. PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY j GREATLY INCREASES j And now we come to some of the j strange statistics about business, big and little. The most striking of all j to me is this: retail trade, in spite ; of all the difficulties in its path, had j an increase of dollar values in sales, j of more than 50 per cent in 19431 over 1939 department of commerce Statistics show $42,042,000,000 for 1938 $63,268,000,000 for 1943. That is expansion under difficulties. And here is another: the department depart-ment of labor figures reveal that from 1939 to 1943 the average yearly employment showed a decrease of only one-tenth of 1 per cent In the field of agriculture, although al-though the farm production has nearly doubled, the farm population has decreased nearly 40 per cent-more cent-more expansion. What do these figures mean? That the productive capacity has been increased in-creased tremendously, not only in the war industries but in consumer goods, and the expansionist believes that what has been done can be continued con-tinued provided that obstacles are removed. In addition to this revelation ot the nation's highest productive capacity, ca-pacity, remember that there are 11 or 12 million men in the armed forces, 11 million more in civilian Industry than before the war and 3 million in government. The 11 million in private industry must keep their jobs, and jobs in business, big and small, must be found for those discharged from the armed services, plus some released from government work. To achieve this, according to Nelson, Nel-son, the country must go expansionist, expansion-ist, must further every means ol expanding production. , -The contractionist, he saj. al though he naturally plans, hopes and works for expansion in his own business, busi-ness, does not always see the importance impor-tance of expansion In all businesses, especially In those which compete with him. If Donald Nelson has the opportunity, opportu-nity, he is willing to go ahead doing do-ing hia part to help expand industry, big I ancL little. It remains to be seen whither .Hads the road from China. . . by Baukhuge The results of research conducted during 23 years by the University ol Illinois in heating, ventilating, cool ing. insulating, building materials mechanical equipment of buildings, sewage disposal, plumbing, sanita ion, home -management, householc art house planning and construct ioi and rural architecture is to be gath ered and collated to solve the put war small-home problem. The tuiry thui far: Robert Scott, a Writ Point gradual, wins bit wings at Kelly Field, Texai. from Mitehel Field, N. Y., be It aent to Panama where his real pursuit training Is besuo In a P-123. Ha becini to train other pilots, bat as the war edits closer he wants to set Into combat service. He writes many letters to General! pieadlnf for a chance to flint and at lait It comes la the form of a phone call from Washlnfton asklnf If he can fly a four-engine bomber. He tayi be can a white lie. Whan he leaves hit wife and child he realises that they meant America for him. He piehi ap hit Fort in Florida, aiks on of hli former student! how to fly It, and they are off for Brazil. CHAPTER VII Maybe the meal was really good I've forgotten. But later we were to have some meals which were definitely def-initely on the rugged side. Some time just try a breakfast at three a.- m. composed of warmed-over, mouldy, then re-warmed toast, with slightly sour canned tomatoes. After this year and more, I can close my eyes and see Col. C. V. Haynes sitting sit-ting there looking at that delicacy-thinking, delicacy-thinking, no doubt about Carolina country ham, with brown gravy making a little puddle in the grits. Well fed but on the tired side, we left the base at 13:35, for our next destination farther down the coast. For more than two hundred miles we were over friendly territory terri-tory as we hugged the beaches, but later, along the Ivory Coast, we had to fly out to sea to avoid the prying eyes that were Vichy French. I must have sworn deeply that afternoon, after-noon, for in my diary I note now that I wrote this line: "Damn, we have to dodge those b all the time." We passed a fighter base at 17:00 G.M.T., and one hour later we landed land-ed at another West Coast base. The sun waf setting back to the West in the Atlantic towards home. Easter Sunday was fast coming to a close. I remembered then, from "hearsay evidence," that I had been born exactly ex-actly thirty-four years hefore. From personal experience I would be able to recall this Easter as a memorable memora-ble one. Next day, while the crew worked on the tired airplane, some of us drove into the bush country. With a guide we made about a ten-hour trip into the interior, to Togoland. Entering En-tering a typical dirty village we heard jazz music and picked our way -towards the source. I imagine all of us were expecting to find a radio or a victrola; instead we found that we were really in the land that had "birthed" jazz. Grouped about an earthen crock of palm wine was the population of the village, and the more they dipped the gourd cups into the stagnant-looking stagnant-looking liquor, the hotter the music became and the more the sweating black bodies swayed to the beat of the drums. Their bare feet were moving to the rhythm in the dust, and their naturally musical voices, added to the syncopated rumble that came from black hands thumping many kinds of drums, made us wonder won-der whether some orchestra like Cab Calloway's hadn't come to Africa Af-rica with us on a USO project. On April 7 we left the Gold Coast for Kano. in Nigeria. Off at 08:00 G.M.T., we flew a course of 90 degrees de-grees to miss more of Vichy France. Over Lagos, in the clammy heat of the equatorial jungle, we turned into the continent to a course of 58 degrees and continued over very thick country until we crossed the Niger. From there on East, the land that was Africa seemed to dry VP, and my boyhood conception of how the Dark Continent should look faded away. Instead of constant jungle we now aw dry desert, like .the lower hump of Brazil near Natal, Na-tal, or places in our own West. We landed at the old walled city of Kano that afternoon. Our next take-off, , for Khartoum, would best be made at nightfall, in order that we might land in the Sudan early in the morning before the dust storms had impaired the visibility. To waste time we walked into town to see the ancient city of Biblical days. Soon we found ourselves dodging camels, lepers, and Ali Baba with his more than forty thieves. General Chcnnnult's AVG was composed of three squadrons, functioning func-tioning under the supreme command cf China's Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. About seventy pilots and three hundred ground crew personnel person-nel made up this organization, which for nearly four months had been in combat against the Japanese Air Force from Rangoon up to Lashio, Burma. These American boys had come from the air services of the American Army, Navy and Marine Corps. The General was an old pilot. and through many , years, of single-seater single-seater flying in the noise of open ! cockpits had become moderately t oat; circumstance "that had v helped to bring about his retirement. Knowing that war with Japan was more than probable, after his retirement re-tirement he had gone to China, and there he had not only persuaded the Generalissimo to build the air-warning air-warning net within China,, but had worked to train China's Air Force as well. Growing out of this, when the brave Chinese Air Force was virtually destroyed by the overwhelming over-whelming odds of the Japanese juggernaut jug-gernaut Chennault had long cher COI. HObeif L. SCOTT WNU RELEASE ished a volunteer force of American airmen, flying American equipment in China against the Jap. The purpose was fourfold: to test American equipment, to train a nucleus nu-cleus of American pilots in actual combat to furnish air support for the Chinese land forces, and to fight a delaying action against the Japanese Japa-nese until the Chinese armies could be equipped with modern sinews of war for offensive action against the stranglehold of Japan. Finally, in Jthe late Summer of 1941, the Army, Navy, and Marine Corps permitted a few reserve officer offi-cer pilots to resign their commissions commis-sions and accept jobs as instructors with Central Aircraft Manufacturing Manufactur-ing Company, or Cameo, as it was called. These seventy-odd pilots and some three hundred ground-crewmen proceeded in small numbers on ships of various nations Dutch, British, Indian, American, and some unregistered West from San Francisco Fran-cisco to Java, then Singapore, and thence to Rangoon, Burma. These "instructors" for Cameo were carried on the passenger lists as acrobats, doctors, lawyers, and probably even Indian chiefs. I imagine imag-ine that after they made their great record with never more than fifty- u General Chennanlt'a AVG was composed of three squadrons, functioning func-tioning under the supreme command of China's Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, shown above. About seventy sev-enty pilots and three hundred ground crew personnel made op this Organisation, which for nearly four months had been In combat against the Japanese Air Force from Rangoon Ran-goon up to Lashio, Burma. five airplanes they shot down two hundred and eighty-six Japanese planes, losing only eight in combat Xhe complaining Japanese would have been disposed to add the remainder re-mainder of the nursery rhyme, "Rich man, poor man, beggar-man, thief." Many times I had heard Radio Tokyo complain of the "cruelty" of these American guerrilla pilots. Under Un-der General Chennault's clever leadership lead-ership and tactical genius they had virtually driven the Imperial Japanese Japa-nese Air Force from the skies of Burma, and held the Burma Road for months after it should have fallen. fal-len. Against odds of more than twenty to one, they had "saved face" for America and the white race, in this battle against a much-belittled much-belittled enemy. When one considers that the' AVG fought in what the British called obsolete ob-solete tactical combat aircraft the P-40B's and P-40C's their deeds and scores become truly legendary. Throughout China today. General Chennault's AVG are regarded as "Saviors of Free China Skies." The Chinese sentry 0 the gate to the "Fijichan" or airfield may shake his head when you show him your pass; he may not understand your hard-won Chinese; but when you smile and call, "A-V-G." his face lights up in turn, and he calls, "Ding-hao you are "number one. " He holds his thumb up in the old familiar signal, and you enter. Then, to show his high regard for Americans Ameri-cans and bis vivid memory of General Gen-eral Chennault's Flying Tigers, he calls after you, "A-V-G mean American Ameri-can Very Good ding-hao, ding-hao." ding-hao." We caught up with three more of our thirteen bombers at Kano, and all our crew had begun to feel confident con-fident that we could not be called back from the mission against Tokyo. To-kyo. To insure this to a greater degree, de-gree, we were trying hard, without appearing to be too anxious, to be the first to reach our initial point-Karachi, point-Karachi, India. So long as we were the first of the B-17's, we could claim a moral victory. For after all, Colonel Haynes was boss, and in a ship with longer range than the Fortress and we wanted him ahead. With full service aboard, and the temperature hot. and stifling, even after nightfall, we threaded our way through the dust for the take-off. I remember that the heavy ship used the entire runway and some of the sagebrush prairie land too, for there seemed to be no lift whatever to the hot. dead air. Finally reaching a comfortable cruising "altitude at twelve thousand, Doug and I breathed the old familiar sigh of relief re-lief at having once again gotten a loaded bomber in the air, and the sigh echoed around the ship. Down In the dust haze not a light showed as we crossed equatorial Africa Af-rica where Sergeant Aaltonen and 0 rev... J Cobb wanted so much to land for -a look at the big-lipped Ubangi women. wom-en. Then Lake Chad and Fort La-my La-my went by. Just before dawn we crossed North of the mountain of El-Fasheir. At six o'clock the White Nile appeared we had crossed the western part of the Sudan. Our landing was made at Khartoum, where the Blue Nile and the White Nile meet. On April 8, we left Khartoum for an easy run to Aden, on a course which was almost due East over the mountains of Eritrea. We went on over Gura and Massaua to the Red Sea. On our left we could see Yemen, and farther South and to our right Somaliland. Reaching the South end of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, the well-known landmarks, land-marks, the Rocks of Aden, appeared about noon. Next day we'd make the run on to India. The British garrison commander took care of us that night But around the dinner table there suddenly sud-denly dropped a blanket of despair. The London radio announced that Bataan bad fallen. After the first comment we settled down to worry. Part of our mission was to bomb Jap concentrations around Bataan and Corregidor. Would this development develop-ment cause that part of the attack to be called off? Again the fear of being frustrated in our effort to take the offensive clutched my heart. It seemed that once again help had been started too late. We had caught the last of the B-17's at Aden, and next morning we got up an extra hour early for the take-off. Our Fortress was straining to get to the initial point just behind the B-24. Success was in sight. At 5:50 we were climbing over the beach of southern Arabia, and as the light improved we all agreed that Arabia was a rugged-looking land. After the terrible stories about the mutilation of forced-down flyers at the hands of the tribesmen, tribes-men, we all were glad that we had the little cards written in Arabic, promising high payment to the Arabs Ar-abs if we were delivered unharmed to the nearest British outpost. We followed the Arabian coast over the blue waters of the Arabian sea to the Gulf of Oman, and then crossed to Karachr. Colonel Haynes, with the B-24, had gone to Delhi. Our orders were to wait at Karachi. And now for two weeks we anxiously waited, while the rumors flew. I think I shall always associate India with my first impression on getting out of my ship. No one seemed to know anything. Behind us lay twelve thousand miles, which we had made in eight days for what? No one stood there with orders or-ders to expedite our departure. Instead In-stead they appeared to think we had ferried this ship for them to use in training. Training, mind you here, halfway round the world and in a country that faced attack any moment! When we explained as much as we could about our secret orders, smiles came to the officers' faces. Bets were laid that we would never leave Karachi with those ships. But we were volunteers, and our combat spirit was still there. I remember that all my crew took the bets, as fast as they were offered. But we lost. Once again we had been frustrated frustrat-ed in our effort to go to war on the offensive. Now, four months after Pearl Harbor, the stencilled word on a B-17 in our flight SNAFU meaning mean-ing roughly, in Air Corps slang, "Snarled-up" seemed to fit the situation. situ-ation. We learned the worst when Haynes came back from Delhi with a face a yard long. Sadly he told us the truth. Due to the fall of Bataan Ba-taan and the loss of other fields In eastern China our secret bases-coupled bases-coupled with other factors beyond his control, our "dream mission" had come to the end of the line. During the fourteen days in Karachi, Ka-rachi, when we had been, waiting for Colonel Haynes, it had been a difficult dif-ficult job of finesse to hang on to the ships. All twelve of the B-17's were lined up to be turned over to. Base Units on the field. But the personnel responsible for the conflicting con-flicting orders had'reckoned without the extreme loyalty of the volunteer crewmen to the flight commander and the pilot of each ship. The men stood guard twenty-four hours a day in and around the bombers. This was logical, too. because each ship contained not only the secret bomb-sight but full complements of loaded fifty-calibre guns, as well as the personal effects of the bomber crews. At first the crews appeared bewildered; but then their attitude seemed to imply stubbornly that they had been ordered to attack Japanese territory, and no matter if Bataan and all of "eastern China fell, that's what they were going to do. One day the General in charge of the Air Base sent a crew down to my ship with orders -for them to take over and search out a Japanese Task- Force far out in the Arabian Sea. They were met with the ready Tommy guns of my men and roughly rough-ly told that ho one except members of the crew could get aboard. A Major in the new crew showed his orders. My crew chief replied: "I'm sorry, Sir, but I have mine, too; we are on our way to bomb an enemy ene-my objective. No one gets aboard this ship except the regular crew." (TO BE CONTINUED) RHP 14 1 ' t""- if Man About Town: Erlo Johnston, Chamber of Commerce Com-merce chief, has been cracked down by hit superiors over the Russian 1 boosts. They feel be was too pro. ' As of today, no postwar trade agree- j ! menu between U. S. Industry and Russia have been set up. One ol , the biggest shipping deals, however, U being readied without their help. I ... Paul McNutt's receptionist at 1 I the WPB has become the hottest I model on the Conover list She is Ann BelL . . . The newsprint short-1 j age may be over'by mid-December. 1 Wood pulp is waiting for shipment , J from Scandinavian ports. . . . Pals . ; of Steve Early hear that his sinus I j agony (caused by Washington's climate) cli-mate) may force him to quit against 1 his wishes. ! Panlette Goddard and her groom. Bus Meredith, have asked the FBI j ' to probe the poison-pen writers who 1 have landed divorce rumors In va-1 va-1 rious columns. . . . The reason the planned new mag Pageant has been ; . held up la that it planned to ape . Coronet and then decided not to. 1 After spending a mint too. . . . ; Overheard at the White House: ! "Clare Luce is the Almee Semple Mcpherson of the Stork Club." . . . John Edgar Hoover was so ill re- j j cently he thought he would die. j i "Going My Way" will gross 8 mll-! mll-! Hon. Producer Leo McCarey will let about two million dollars for his j ! bit . . . Sec'y of War Stimson is mending now. Be went to the Adi- j rondacka recently where a nurse re-' malned In attendance. . . . Jesse . Tones, whose condition worried pals, ! la better. JVofes of a Newspaper Man: Damon Ronyon and a New York aewspaper apparently disagree on the hobby of some Americans who tnjoy telling quips on well-knowns. . . . Mr. Runyon, in his column, complained: "It is always bad taste tor people to sit around and make adious remarks about any national leaders of respectability and integrity." integ-rity." . . . The same morning a respectable New York newspaper featured a report (in a box) quoting 1 Washington columnist . . . The rtory dealt with the argument: "Who Was the Strongest President?" . . One arguer said Lincoln because he rplit rails. Another said Washington because he tossed a dollar across he Potomac. But FDR was de- ! :lared the strongest "He threw the j U. S. Treasury across both oceans!" ! It is also pretty stale, too. ... It was used often during the second campaign of Woodrow Wilson in the srar debt issue. . . . The quips and Dsrbs about Mrs, Roosevelt are still j seing swapped by antMth Termers. snd the President is often the butt of devastating jokes. . . . We do not recall hearing that they complained. . . . Mr. Runyon probably will admit ad-mit that it isn't so bad to tell a joke is it is to elect one. Governor Dewey Isn't Immune from the Jokesmiths these days. . . . rhe current quip has him suffering !rom fierce insomnia which "keeps llm up all night pacing up and lown under his bed I" . . . The New Dealers go into spasms over that ne. But it was funnier 20 years igo when Al Jolson told it after an ivernight trip from Boston. ... "I lidn't sleep a wink," he groaned. "One of Singer's Midgets drank tome coffee and paced up and down sis upper berth!" ' Col. Carlos Romulo, who helped Mac Arthur and Quezon escape to Australia, didn't know that persons iddresslng Congress must not do so In uniform. He has been in bis army uniform for years. ... An hour before be-fore he spoke in the House the other lay Romulo was informed that he must wear civvies for the event. 1 . . . His staff hastily borrowed ci-rilian ci-rilian apparel. ... On the way to the Capitol he realized he was wearing wear-ing his army sox. ... He paled. . . "I am wearing the wrong i iox!" he exclaimed. "Oh my good-j good-j less, wot'U I do?" . . His Girl I Friday solved matters right there I an the Capitol steps. ... He wore 1 ber bobby sox! A New Yorker hist back from ' Argentina alleges that the majority Df the people there are not anti-U. anti-U. S. or pro-Nazi. . . . Most of the people, said our Informant do not even take the government leaders leriously and openly quip: "If I thought my son would ever grow up to be President of Argentina, I'd 1 lave sent him to school!" Norman Llttell, of the Dept. of 1 Justice, and Will Clayton, Jesse Jones' man, regret that feuds cannot be carried beyond the grave. . . . rhe Demmy Nat'l Comm. is functioning func-tioning as smoothly as a ward at Dr. Freud's. . . . Churchill har'Vttoled on the Ring of Greece, but has warmed on the King of Italy. . . White House attaches are blaming each other, for the recent Willkle boner. . . . General O'Dwyer becomes be-comes a civilian about October and will start campaigning for the Mayoralty. Her ,bc cml leum. TungJ fneseandZ that art'kTi denc- Metallic stalks in your .-.ul panjjjj -j p"ns like neJJ rinse u,oti TK "t V fnrnll . Wi0ai implemented wiftlf cystine or methw,i isfactorv bw-uT1 r.. 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