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Show AMERICAN FORK CITIZEN AEF Landing in N. Africa Forestalls Axis Invasion, Re-Opens Mediterranean . Large-Scale Action Launches 'Second F ronC When U. S troops landed at Atlantic At-lantic and Mediterranean ports of French North African colonies they cflected the first big-scale American effensive of . thla war and thus was Launched the much-sought "second front." intent on wiping oat all Axis forces in North Africa and opening the Mediterranean to Allied shipping, these forces were expected to work with the British troop driving weflt-ward weflt-ward frm Egypt. Caught In the middle mid-dle of a gigantic plncera move ment was the retreating Axla '"Africa Corps" under the command of Natl General Irwin Rommel. First word of the opening of the drive by the Americana came when President Roosevelt's announcement announce-ment of it was made over the shortwave short-wave radio beamed at Europe. Speaking in French, the President told the citizens of France that the armies of the United States were coming to them as friends and that LIEUT. GEN. EISENHOWER "IT com ... as fritndi." their objective wai to wipe out the enemiei of their country. At th same time the war department depart-ment in Washington issued a communique com-munique on the same subject The White House pointed eat that the action was taken to forestall an Axis invasion of this French territory terri-tory because such an Invasion wonld "constitute a direct threat to America Amer-ica across the comparatively narrow nar-row sea from western Africa." Also this action was begun to provide "an effective second front aaalstance to our heroic allies In Russia." In charge of the large contingent of U. S. troops (soon to be Joined by strong British re-inforcements) was Lieut Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, Eisen-hower, commander of U. S. European Euro-pean land forces. His headquarters had formerly been in Britain. Assault As-sault landings were made under the cover of a huge naval and air armada. Thus the Axis got an answer an-swer to its "fishing for information" broadcasts of earlier in the week. These accounts reported heavy allied al-lied troop convoys gathering at Gibraltar and the Nazi intelligence wanted an answer from United Nations' Na-tions' sources. None was given and the reports were neither confirmed or denied until the President's message mes-sage went on the air. French Report Resistance To Landings That the French were fighting back was first learned in this conn-try conn-try when an official French communique com-munique announced that landing attempts at-tempts had taken place and had been "repulsed" and "frustrated with heavy losses." First battles were reported re-ported by the French at Algiers and Oran. Marshal Henri Philippe Petain, Vichy-French chief of state, rejected re-jected President Roosevelt's plea to refrain from obstructing the U. S. action ac-tion when he declared thtt "We are attacked and we shall defend ourselves. That is the order which I give." Adm. Jean Francois Darlan immediately im-mediately took charge of the defense for the French. He is commander in chief of all Vichy armed forces. First reports from the field reaching reach-ing the newly established "Allied Headquarters in North Africa" indicated in-dicated that the opening U. S. assault as-sault landings on the beaches of North Africa near two main objectives ob-jectives were successful. Much evidence of careful planning plan-ning wai revealed u the- fkwk-vttrrtc arrival'of all parts of the huge task force. While it was believed that most of the troops engaged in the maneuver had been stationed in Great Britain there was nothing ..to indicate the route taken nor the time of their departure from their training bases. Forecast Developments When military experts began to study the broad implications of this offensive it became clear that the first job would be put down a.i:y . ,sis.,.i'.n?e. I"1.1:.11' I-n.f(..VU.Vtdti-controlled French. Tins had to be taken care of. Next came It rnmel. It now became c.ilivi when the British forces beuii their full-scale campaign out of Fgvpt and started pushing the Germans and Italians back toward Libya they knew that there was something of a major nature brewing to the west -4"-" ' ) 4 Crack jLLJ?. Troops First to Arrive Experts described this drive ss perhaps the longest overwater military mili-tary operation ever attempted. Crack V. S. combat troops, rangers (air borne units) and the best of American fliers were among the first to arrive. However It was learned in London Lon-don that newspapers there had known for some time that some-' thing of major importance was afoot .as .far as U. S. troops were concerned. The secret was well kept however. But the tip-off came several weeks ago when top-ranking officers of the American forces were not to be found at their usual stations. According to one source many of the troops themselves didn't know where they were headed until a few hours before they began piling into their square nosed assault boats and headed for the beaches of Casablanca, Algiers and Oran. Zero-hour came at dawn with landings being made at numerous points although they were several hundred miles apart. Troops from every state of the union were In the opening drive. First sign of action came trf'the French colonies when low-flying planes swooped over their cities and showered them with leaflets leaf-lets signed by General Eisenhower and containing President Roosevelt's plea te accept the U. S. action calmly calm-ly and peacefully. Then the marines set out in their barges, the Rangers started floating down onto Vichy territory with U. S. fighter pilots standing by to take over airfield captured by the ground troops or ready to strike out in their phase of the offensive. In North Africa, Vichy had stationed sta-tioned some 150,000 troops, pledged to fight any invader. President Roosevelt's Shortivave Broadcast Here are some of the highlights from President Roosevelt's shortwave short-wave broadcast: "Americans, with the assistance of the United Nations, are striving for their own safe future as well as the restoration of the ideals, the liberties, and the democracy of all those who have lived under the Tricolor. "We come among you to repulse the cruel invaders who would remove re-move forever your rights of self-government, self-government, your rights to religious freedom, and your rights to live your own lives in peace and security. se-curity. "We come among you solely to defeat and rout your enemies. Have faith In our words. We do not want to cause you any harm. We assure you that once the menace of Germany Ger-many and Italy is removed from you, we shall quit your territory at once . . . "The French government and the French people have been informed of the purpose of this expedition, and have been assured that the Allies Al-lies seek no territory and have no intention of interfering the friendly friend-ly French authorities in Africa. "The government of France and the people of France and the French possessions have been requested to co-operate with and assist the American expedition in "its" effort to repel the German and Italian in- ..-.'it . . "jtr x" j j w PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT "W t com . . . to rout your enrmiet." ternational criminals and by so doing do-ing to liberate France and the -Fr-wtch- empire--from-the- Axts yoke. . "This expedition will develop Into In-to Satnijor effort by the Allied nations na-tions and there is every expectation expecta-tion that It will be successful In repelling the planned German and Italian invasion of Africa and prove the first historic step to the liberation libera-tion of France." General Kisenhower also issued a proclamation in which he assured the French in North Africa that the United Nations had only the objective objec-tive "to defeat the enemy and to tree Fiance." ..liruaiiciuit. nv Fre-nehvh is -message directed the Fremh forces to "avoid any possible misunderstanding" by signaling their co-operation by methods he outlined . . . "By day, lly the French trl-color and the American Jlug, one above the other ... By night, turn on a searchlight and direct it vertically towards the sky." 'We Are Attacked' MARSHAL HENRI PETAIN Rejecting President Roosevelt's plea that the French should- not "obstruct" American and British military action In North Africa, Marshal Henri Philippe Petain, chief of state in Vichy, France, stated that "France and her honor are at atake. We are attacked and we shall defend ourselves." Work Or Fight "Sooner or later we will have to come to it." This was the assertion of Donald M. Nelson as he appeared before the Senate military affairs sub-com mittee hard at work on its study of the manpower mobilization prob-i lem. The statement referred direct ly to the possibility of a national se lective service rule whereby every citizen would be required to either work or fight. Nelson urged a longer work week and better management to increase productivity. In these views Nelson found the committee to be in agreement. Also they concurred with the view expressed ex-pressed by the President at his Dress conference that further study will be necessary before definite recom mendations on such legislation can be forthcoming. But the President made It plain that he would oppose any extension of working hours that would Interfere with efficiency. He indicated that a work week of about 48 hours was desirable. While the situation " did not yet appear to be critical (exceDt in dairying and other agricultural pur suits), the manpower problem will get more serious as time goes on and more men are drafted into the armed services. Right now, said the President he did not know any factories fac-tories shut down due to a shortage of manpower. In many rural communities U. S. citizens were worried about what was going to happen in the spring when another crop must be planted. For now, with harvest ended many farm and small town youths (who had temporary deferments) were off to the wars. Wage Freeze Called 'Tough' ' Only In "exceptional cases" will wage and salary increases be approved ap-proved by the government, the War Labor Board announced in a far-reaching far-reaching policy statement which virtually freezes wages and salaries of $5,000 and below at Sept. 15 levels. The WLB has control over all non-agricultural wages and over all salaries less than $5,000, other than salaries of supervisory or professional profes-sional employees. The treasury department de-partment has jurisdiction over supervisory and professional salaries sal-aries less than $5,000 and all salaries sal-aries of more than $5,000. The secretary sec-retary of agriculture has jurisdiction jurisdic-tion over farm wages. Explaining the government's wage policy, William H. Davis, chairman of the WLB, said the "Little Steel" wage formula, permitting per-mitting increases up to 15 per cent abovt Jan. 1. 1941, levels and heretofore here-tofore applied by the board in all recent applications for increases, will be strictly interpreted. "The board is laying down a policy which, we think, is pretty damn tough," Davis said. "We are going to authorize increases very, very sparingly and then only if it is conclusively shown that they are essential to the prosecution of the war." He pointed out that because many employees already may be receiving receiv-ing wages higher than the prevailing prevail-ing scale for their industry, wages will not necessarily be raised 15 per cent to cover the increase in the cost of living since early 1941. BRIEFSr ROCKET A new anti-tank rocket rock-et is reported to have contributed much to the defeat of the Axis in Africa. The rocket is said to be fired from a rifle and., when a tank is hit, "the rocket burns through the tank wall and explodes on the inside. EXHIBIT The two-man Japanese suicide submarine, captured at Pearl Harbor and nicknamed "The Tojo Cigar," has been turned over to the War Savings staff for" a coast-to-coast tour to promote the sale of war-bonds ' and -stamps: " " ' ' GIFT The Bank of France claims that it has turned over $20Q,000,000 in Belgian gold to the Nazis on orders or-ders from Marshal Petain. MARKSMEN Since the beginning begin-ning of . the war, gunners on British merchant ships have destroyed 98 enemy aircraft, probably destroyed 42 and damaged 98 others. iw9igigim War Man Power Problem Is-Still Far From Solution National Service Act Held Back; McNutt-Hers McNutt-Hers hey Conflict Complicates Situation; Competition Keen as Ever. By BAUKHAGE Srwt Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service. 1343 H Street, N-W, Washington, D. C. "Sorry, sir." said the waiter on the dining car, "we can only serve you one cup of coffee," "Sorry, sir," said a somewhat weary voice of the hotel room service, serv-ice, "we can't serve you ham with your eggs, this is a meatless day." And so a simple, wandering Wash-IngtonJan, Wash-IngtonJan, who had stepped outside of the capital for a brief interlude, found out there was a war going on. Back In the shadow of the Capitol dome, I began to wonder whether, before long, when Uncle Sam passed his plate for a second helping the farmer would say: "Sorry, sir, this is helpless day on the farm, we aren't furnishing food any more." When that happens, perhaps we'll get that national service act Behind the delay in settling the farm-labor problem and the other problems which have arisen because the government hasn't had the nerve to tell anybody but the soldiers where to go.'-what to do and when to do it. Is a lot of honest uncertainty, some inter-departmental friction but chiefly plain fear of stepping on the public's toes. Many believed that the public aren't afraid of their toes and are only waiting to be told what to do and the real solution may be the one offered by Wendell Willkie when he said In his report to the nation that "it is up to us to make our leaders give us more to do." Distribution Problem We have plenty of people to "do," but we are not distributing them properly, not giving the right people the right Jobs. We are still letting people decide themselves what they are going to do, not telling them what is the thing they must do to win the war. When I reported lastJ on the man-power problem I felt sure that by this time a national service act would be before congress. con-gress. Congress has drawn up several sev-eral of these acts but administration administra-tion spokesmen have told them "not yet"; mearrwWle piecemeal measures meas-ures are offered. The story behind the conflict between be-tween Paul McNutt's Man-Power commission and General Hershey's Selective Service system is an example ex-ample of how sand gets into Uie gear-box when the President doesn't clamp down the lid and give orders. Some of the New Dealers began to worry about the danger that McNutt Mc-Nutt might grow too big politically and it might be a harder job to sidetrack side-track him at the 1944 Democratic national convention than it was last time. And goodness knows it was a painful process then. So they contrived con-trived to hand him the hottest potato, po-tato, the job that would make more enemies than any other, head of the Man-Power commission. The presumption, pre-sumption, according to these not altogether al-together nonpartisan friends of McNutt, Mc-Nutt, was that he would either fall down on the job or do it so well nobody no-body would like him. Meanwhile the theory was that he was bound to come into conflict with General Hershey. One or the other had to select the men for service: either McNutt would" be given the power to tell - Hershey whom he couldn't take for" the army or Hershey Her-shey would be given power to tell his draft boards whom they could take. So the battle was on. No Separate Systems Since then McNutt has come out and stated that he did not believe it was necessary to set up a separate system of selection one for military, mili-tary, which already exists in the draft boards, and another to classify civilian service. But, under White House orders, he made it plain that he had no bill to submit to congress. His labor-management committee submitted its report directly to the President. While all this has been going on the Selective Service system has been pacing t! e floor outside the Man-Power commlssion'sdobr.'The comrofssion is supposed to advise Selective Service but for many months it refused to say aye, yes or no. According to Selective Service officials of-ficials the moment they had the pp. Tortuntty WW submitted a 'plan to take care of tho one sore thumb of the man-power problem that threat BRIEFS Mort-flrcs in homes come from defective,. de-fective,. fluo a4- stovepipe cormec--tions than from any other single cause. Buy Wat Bonds Some neighborly Nebraska farmers farm-ers pin a note on the gate post listing list-ing the things they want from town. The first neighbor driving to town picks up the note and brings back the items listed. 8 ens to interfere with our eating, farm labor. The plan would: 1. Tell the farmer boys their patriotic pa-triotic duty is on the farm, that they must stay there. If they leave they would immediately be drafted. 2, Stop all voluntary recruiting. That, according to General Hershey, Her-shey, would at lesst stop the drain of farm labor and save the boys from the stigma of remaining in civilian clothes when other boys in non-essential jobs were Joining up. According to the Selective Service Serv-ice officials that proposal was sat on for six months while the cries of the farmer rose higher and higher. Complaints to Hershey Most of the complaints were directed di-rected at General Hershey. But his aides point out that Selective Service Serv-ice has taken far less men from the farms than the other two sirens that lure the men away from their prosaic pro-saic jobs: One is the recruiting sergeant ser-geant and the other is industry. The recruiting sergeant offers adventure with a patriotic background. Industry Indus-try offers big pay and bright lights. And to show how the competition for manpower still goes on among government agencies itself. Selective Selec-tive Service officials charge that the United States Employment service, which recruits men and women for industry, has been just as energetic as those handsome army, navy and marine sergeants, in recruiting the boys on the farm. When, Just before the elections, both Man-Power Commissioner McNutt Mc-Nutt and Selective Service Director Hershey both testified that there was no immediate need for a man-power bill they were probably glad that they could do so which meant that it had probably been strongly indicated indi-cated from higher up that they had better do so. For neither gentleman gentle-man would care to make a blanket recommendation for a measure which might give the other the real authority in administering. The measure will probably remain something to do tomorrow until it becomes clear that tomorrow's ham and eggs may depend on action to-day. to-day. OWI Proves Boon To Capital Writers A stranger coming to Washington and watching the men and women flung into the White House executive execu-tive offices for the semi-weekly press and radio conference with the President; or visiting the senate or the house of representatives on a day when important news is breaking break-ing when the press and radio galleries gal-leries above the respective rostrums are filled, would think that Washington Washing-ton is pretty well covered for news. There are more than 600 members mem-bers of the press and radio galleries. gal-leries. There are many, many more reporters and broadcasters whose duties do not make them eligible for these groups. But in addition to these men and women whose job it is to write about what is happening in your capital, 4.000 people who are spending between be-tween a million and two million dol-lars dol-lars a month are hired by the government gov-ernment to disseminate information. The Office of War Information has 3,500 employees. There are some 200 persons in the army public relations bureau and a hundred or so in the navy public relations. The Office of the Coordinator Co-ordinator of Inter-American Affairs, Nelson Rockefeller, has more than a hundred members in its public relations rela-tions department. The persons doing similar work for the War Production board and the Office of Price Administration Ad-ministration have a hundred and fifty more. Of course, the old line agencies have their public relations staffs but we are just talking about the war news agencies. As far as my own contact with the Office of War Information goes I must say its members have been a great help to me. If I run into a snarl of official dispatches, question-able question-able -r uBM) sr-1 - do- what otfrere wl' men do, call up the OWI and I usually get a very straight and satisfactory sat-isfactory story. But nursing us newsmen along Is only half their job the rest is disseminating dis-seminating information abroad where it will do the most good and don't ssk who and when and where that's not for publication. by Baukhage Through the tenant-purchase program pro-gram of the depsrtmcnf of agriculture, agricul-ture, during the past Ave years 29,000 small farmers have been able to buy and improve farms big enough to support their families. V Ten million surgical dressings are on their way to the defenders of Stalingrad, according tq, the American Amer-ican Red Cross. ON THE HOME rRONM rtTua nm as.- N 1&- T F1YWOOO SOtMM'NS. A ' fsflar Ti t LI4HT BEMND vl i-f5il KODANDIHNW YOU can't set wave or even comb a smart new hair-do without with-out seeing the back of your head. A deep curve in the front of a dressing table will allow you to get close enough to a triple mirror. Here are the dimensions for such a table to be built into a corner. The stool top is pink cotton material; ma-terial; the skirts for it and the table, and the drape for the top shelf, are of light weight white muslin edged in -old-fashioned embroidery em-broidery panty ruffling. Pink ribbon holds the drape and edges the table. The top frill and center part of the table skirt are snapped to a strip of muslin tacked around 'the front of the table under the ribbon. Custards can be enhanced by a bay leaf boiled in the milk. When sandpapering surfaces that are to be painted, the work is made much easier if sandpaper is folded over a small block of wood. In the home, plants give off moisture through the leaves, from the surface of the soil, and from the pot itself if it is of the porous type, so provide sand, sphagnum moss or similar material, to keep the pots moist. And, if possible, keep the temperature down to below be-low 68 degrees. When onsalted fats are used to replace butter or margarines in baking, additional salt may be needed. A leaky chimney flue is one of the most expensive and trouble-breeding trouble-breeding ailments from which any house can suffer. If you suspect that your chimney harbors a leak, lose no time in making sure of it, and if there is a leak, even a small one, have it repaired at once. For those smokers on your Christmas gift list give a carton of cigarettes or a pound of smoking tobacco. Particularly those smokers smok-ers in the service. Surveys show cigarettes and smoking tobacco are preferred gifts. Sales records from Post Exchanges and Canteens Can-teens show the favorite cigarette is Camel. And, of course, for the service man who smokes a pipe give Prince Albert the National Joy Smoke. You have your choice of Camels in the Christmas Carton containing 10 packages of 20's-or the Camel" Holiday House" of four boxes of "flat fifties." Prince Albert Al-bert comes in the pound canister a grand gift. All are Christmas-wrapped Christmas-wrapped and ready to give. Your local dealer is featuring them now as gifts sure to please. Adv. 3- SUOUSEHOLD RUTH WYETPEARsg I NOTE: Mrs. s,-4r,. exacUynowtodr.rJJ drawers. Alto d-recuoBsl?! Readers may secure i Madtng nam. aml 3 MRS. RUTH WYETHstTl Bedford HU1, fJ tfwet i Inclose 10 cent, for Book L Nam aflSitsiB am us, its old fashioned mutton wa nsuoned mutton tu7 OrandinafaToriuDemiS 3 .r in " uuuuw supply 4 ft Age of Romanes The Age of Romance haj wu, u never ceases' h not, if we will think of it,', vy BensiDiy decline.- How To Relie Bronchitis Creomulslon relieves nmmJ cause it goes right to the seati $ trouble to help loosen tnd J germ laden phlegm, and aid nJ vj MAiuic uiu ucu raw, tends: flamed bronchial mucous ni branes. Tell your druggist to as a bottle of Creomulslon with ts. derstandlng you must like the J Huiuuj tmuajs uie cougO Or you CREOMULSIO for Coughs, Chest Colds, Iroadl SNAPPY FACT A10UT RUBBE Mt hud ores kuliUwlUUi ttM Mom ou waoi will i k to puobM fTBthrtlo nbMt Km, WupvpoMk4ThatoiU. Mt ffMrt fcJ sWinfS! Ita MMHf tt 300 nU puto, sot lachdbt M aa4 lobM, si tud la & aodat oald Italy bos tor wagoa, I ISjOOvrOOOtwataMan its: Aatoaotda www ea enr 58 4 all U.S. teiaula 1940; 1S.5WS bnu had aofc tnok tai J11S, atom baowxa, 7H I Address " j sVV MNtPMI flBMf 4 Mm Wrisil REGoodricli BSSSBalSSBBaWaaBaSBV' SAVORY SALMON: It isn't every woman who can bake a crispy, airy souffle. To turn out a successful souffle is an accomplishment accom-plishment in itself. It can be baked either in a pan of hot water or in the oven, but in no case should you try to serve souffle if there is a possibility that dinner will be held up for any length of time. Hers is an unusual salmon souffle for six. INGREDIE butter, two tablespoons flour, one-half teaspoon salt, one-half teaspoon paprika, one-half cup milk, three egg ylk. one cup canned salmon, three egg whites. DIRECTIONS; Blend floor and seasoning well, with melted butter; slowly add milk, stirring over low heat until mixture thickens and boils. Remove from heat and add beaten egg yolks; fold in salmon and allow to cooL Fold in egg whites stiffly beaten. Pour mixture into greased baking, dish and bake at 425 degrees F for 20 to 25 minutes, 'M'i: |