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Show THE AMERICAN FORK CITIZEN FRIDAY, JULY 30, 1937 v : : WEST BUYS UTAH SALT X . r i I Plant of Roya! Crystal I ',' ' ' ' , I ' ''St ; -r-'vV'V'w"; Irjarvestmg Salt Near larvesTtng air rse GrMt Sfllt Lata 4 7 i By I. A. CLAYTON, JR. SALT, Ilk gold, occurs almost ererywhere in wateri of th aea, In tbo earth'a strata. In rocki yet Us profitable extraction Is rare. Utah Is one of the places where It occurs In abundance, comprises com-prises an Important resource and supports a major industry. The Great Salt lake is the center cen-ter of one of the world's greatest deposits, with enough salt to supply sup-ply future generations for thousands thou-sands of years. The saline content of its water varies from 15 to 25 ftui .the brlnejf so dense lht .- ta 'httroan body- lost easily o44s surface. It contains no life. So easily I salt obtained from the lake that there has been little . IncentiTe (to, exploit, the numerous beds and domes in other parts of Utah. Salt production is one of the state's oldest industries. The first settlers gathered the crystals left by evaporation In the natural basins around the lake. In 1860 and after, dams were built to impound im-pound the water. As the demand Increased production produc-tion was organized and much capital capi-tal invested. The Inland Salt Company Com-pany was formed in 1889. It was succeeded in 1899 by the Inland Crystal Salt company, which, in 1927, became the Royal Crystal Salt company. The Salt Lake Chemical Company, a subsidiary of the Diamond Match company, began operations on the southern shore of the lake In 1916, primarily to produce potash for war pur poses. The Morton Salt company took over that property in 1918 and has operated it since as a salt plant. Whether the salt in the lake originated through evaporation or volcanic action, or both, is la dispute. dis-pute. The lake, averaging only 15 feat in depth, its proportion of salt varies from year to year with the rainfall Though sodium chloride (common salt) is the sole commercial com-mercial product of the lake, steps are under way to recover sodium sulphate, whose proportion is next to the sodium chloride, and thus establish a new Industry In Utah. Variation In the density at which different chemicals precipitate permits per-mits selective concentration, segre gation of salt of the highest purity and the removal of magnesium. calcium and other nnwanted ele ments. During the evaporation season, from April to mid-September, brine is pumped at the rate of 5.000 gal lons a minute 24 hours a day from the lake Into a flume. From settling ponds, it passes, after five or six days, to concentrating pons of 250 acres each. The saturated brine flows by gravity to 20 cryatslllilng ponds, each of 10 acres area. Here the salt crystals form and the "bit terns" (other chemicals in solu tion) are run off before they reach the saturation stage. A permanent floor of salt Is maintained in each pond. In the late fall, after a pond has been thoroughly drained, ordinary ordi-nary plows drawn by tractors, loosen the new salt from the floor. With scrapers and conveyor it Is stacked by a railroad siding and "weathered" until needed at the mill. An average annual crop is about four Inches of salt'. tons a season. From a receiving storage bin the salt passes through. a routing kiln drier (heated to 30j. deg.) and to a cooler, from which It goes' tdthe' stbcfe' 'fn: "Various' sets of rolls crush and size it into nine sizes, each of which occupies a separate bin. Thence it is ted automatically Into sacks and packages pack-ages for marketing. The territory served by Utah's salt industry, extends from Denver, Colorado, to Washington, Oregon and part of California, covering the Black Hills, in South Dakota, and the Rocky Mountain states It gives steady employment to more than 125 people, with a payroll of more than 1200,000 a year, and spends further amounts for the supplies, power and fuel it requires. re-quires. The bulk of the output, going to other states, brings much new money into Utah. Local salt companies pay the railroads about one-half million dollars a year for transportation. Salt is pressed into blocks, sometimes some-times with the addition of phosphate phos-phate for livestock feeding; smoked, it Is used for the complete sugar cure of meat, and with iodine, it is recommended by the medical profession for the prevention pre-vention of goiter. Over 40 of the school children of Utah are said to be afflicted with this thyroid deficiency. A special kind of salt Is iodized for animals. Since the early days of Utah, salt has been mined in Sevier and Sanpete counties, where the mineral min-eral occurs in beds overlain with ten feet7 or more pi earth. This salt is recovered by "stripping" or "quarry mining". Some salt was obtained from the great salt bed at Wendover, 110 utiles west of Salt Lake City, but commercial production produc-tion la no longer maintained there. Intricate selling problems and the restrictions imposed by freight rates constantly confront the industry in-dustry In Utah. On their solution and friendly consideration at home depends an Important market for labor and source of revenue. Mt. McKinlcy Has Two Summits Mount McKinley, highest peak in North America, has two summits, designated North peak and South peak. ' 6atn Gets Credit . "Satan," said Uncle Eben, "gits credit for temptin some men dat he jes' let go deir own way without with-out interference." First Turnpike Act The first jturnpike act, permitting a private company to construct a road and charge the public for its 'use, was passed in England in 1663. , o Columbus Touched Porte Rice Columbus and Lis men touched at Porto Rico November lt, 1493, hur-rledly hur-rledly explored it and named it San Juan Bautista in honor of Prince Juan, heir to the Spanish throne. Farmers Urged To Have Facts For Supervisors Farmers can help a great deal In speeding up the "paper work" In connection with 1937 compliance If they have as much Information as possible ready for the supervisors who are now beginning the annual compliance work, in Utah, William Peterson, In charge of the AAA Conservation Program in this state, says. If, at the time of measurement, farmers will assist the supervisor by providing him with Information on the various crops and also with details de-tails on the different soil -building practices, the follow-up work on compliance will be much smoother, and the time necessary to audit the compliance forms and make payments pay-ments to farmers can be cut down appreciably. Important information that farmers will need supply to supervisors super-visors will Include new seedings; annual, biennial and perennial legumes le-gumes and grasses, with or without a nurse crop. In new seedings farmers should be in a position to prove the amount, variety, and adaptability of seed used. Fanners should be prepared to Inform supervisors super-visors concerning the application of phosphate to new seedings of alfalfa alf-alfa and have receipts showing the number of pounds purchased. Farmers Farm-ers should inform supervisors as to the acres of noxious weeds controll-eded controll-eded by cultivation and by chemicals. chemi-cals. They should Inform concerning other conservation practices such as the number of acres restored to native na-tive grasses, the number of acres of approved fallow, the number of acres of green manure crops, the number of acres of forest trees planted this year, the number of acres of which the prevention of water erodon Is being prw the number cf -pounds mid 'kind 'of seed that has been sown on non- crop pasture-land. They should ad vise as to the number of tracts of land they own -and farms that are-signed are-signed up on a work sheet and also any farms not in the program. With respect to sugar beet pay ments, farmers should advise the 1937 sugar beet acreage, the acreage of soil-conserving crops grown on the farm in 1937 in rotation with sugar beets; and of the 1937 beet acreage, how many of the same acres were used for growing beets continuously in 1934, 35, and 38. Crews doing mapping work In the state are also checking compliance. Cooperation of the farmers with these crews will facilitate this work, lower the cost of doing the work, Increase In-crease its efficiency and speed up payments says Director Peterson. o . England's Historic Bridges Notable among England's historic his-toric bridges is King John's bridge at Tewkesbury, which Is said to contain Several of its original arches, and Monnow bridge at Monmouth, Mon-mouth, believed to be the only one in England that has a fortified gateway gate-way on the bridge proper. A Fourteenth Four-teenth century treasure spans the river Dee at Chester, and other early examples are found at or near Kidwelly, Hereford and Llangollen. mm m&m Owners of property thai is lest spt to burn save from 20 to 25 of each premium dollar by insuring with this strong, Western, West-ern, legal reserve company. AH polities are non-assessable. . SEE US ABOUT YOUR NEXT POLICY REGOII mUTUnii FIRE Insurance Company MiaiNNVIllI M I I m fart It! to UM Taa lallalag . r,- CHAD WICK'S INSURANCE SERVICE - Fhone 130-J American Fork, Utah Makes Steel "Springy" Silicon makes steel "springy, It Is used to make car springs. Nickel steel is hard and tough and is used for the armor plate on battleships. battle-ships. Tungsten and other metals are added to make it hard. Such steels are used In high-speed cutting tools which retain their hardness even when red hot. - I - -- mm wi: m Smudges stains even ink spots, slide right off LOWE BROTHERS MELLO-, MELLO-, GLOSS when It is washed with soap and water. Come in and get a re copy of "Practical Hints on Painting' and Decorating.' Chipman Merc. Co. American Fork OUo's FW Sttlm.nt Ohio was settled soon after the Revolutionary war, which made "the West? a part of the new republic The flrt.priim!ient settlement was established nt M.'irlettn by a land company. This was railed the Ohio company, and was formed In 1787 In New Eni;l:i"d Revolutionary officers, with a view to opening up the West. T!w eovernment sold the company llK).0W acres, and the company rwrulted .settlers and resold to them. In the winter of 1787-88 the first party "'t out from the eaift and arrived April 7. 17S8. at the spot rliown for a town, st the Junction of the Muskingum and Ohio rivers. Lamp Lor. In a modern electric lamp factory fac-tory two main classes of lamps are made. The vacuum lamp, so called because every trace of""hlr has been extracted and 'tie lamp hermetically hermetical-ly sehied; and the (tas-filled lamp, where, the air having been similarly similar-ly exhausted. Its place Is taken by an Inert pan. such as argon or nitrogendry nitro-gendry and pure to given pressure. pres-sure. The vacuum Is obtained by nse of a mechanical pump, and by Its means a vacuum of 400,000th of an atmosphere can be produced. Tit-Bits Magazine. Rlgkt to "Rent toe Sea" The only country In the world which allows Individuals to colleet private toll fr'tn deep-sea fishermen fisher-men Is Denmark. Tor many centuries centu-ries It has held steadfast to a law which given the owner of a shore land the right to "rent the sea" In front of his property for eel Ashing. Ash-ing. Ia some years this total rent has amounted to as much as $250,-000. $250,-000. Collier's Weekly. Lioa-FUlac la Sooth Africa Lion-fixing was formerly a profitable profit-able occupation In South Africa, Natives would poison an antelope, kill It and place It In a likely spot SSisfSii would become groggy, and white hunters, for a price, were then permitted per-mitted to shoot the beast in the opea without dangei to. themselves. No Cows Brought by Pilgrims No cows were brought by the Pilgrims Pil-grims to the United States In 1620. The first cows Imported were In 1624, by Governor Wlntbrop, according accord-ing to Albert S. Bolles In the Industrial In-dustrial History of the United States. These cows were raised primarily for hides, secondly for meat, and only Incidentally for milk. Ho Weighed Half a To The United States has its fair share of fat men and women. Miles Darden was both. He was 7 feet 6 Inches and weighed a little better than half a'ton. lie was born In 1708 and lived until 1S57, was married, mar-ried, a father, worked all bis life, and was a pretty normal Individual In spite of his size. Priating of T.xtiloa Printing of textiles, which Is Just another form of dyeing, was practiced prac-ticed at very early times by the various East Indian nations, long before their migrations led to the settlement of Asia Minor and Europe. ; ; ' ke ' SUM I IklSz v01 5 more elan FTH ' ftorolT tUs sl01 r -A.in Zd0' 1 ; ivi k r-wi -.n r-iii t - i ifw I - r rv i m l Drowa.d Island Anegada, or Drowned Island, Is the most northerly of the Virgin islands, it is 12 miles long and very narrow. Horseshoe reef surrounds sur-rounds It snd the surf breaks over much of the island during a rough sea. Flax for Paiat Sixty-two million acres are required re-quired to produce flax necessary for our annual consumption of linseed lin-seed oil. This Is equivalent to the area of the upper four New England Eng-land states. Musical Ability Elusive According to tests made on school children In Germany, musical ability abil-ity does not depend upon general ability nor upon the surroundings of a child. Kings Died of Tuberculosis In the 500 years when the Valois and Rourbons ruled France, 21 French kings died from tuberculosis, tubercu-losis, says Hygela, the Health Magazine. Dandelion as Parachute A dandelion seed Is rigged with a fringe of hairs that makes an excellent parachute, which may carry car-ry the seed for miles on the wind. Record Landslide Switzerland's record landslide occurred oc-curred in ISOft. It buried five towns and spread masses of rock over 20 square miles. N. Y. Had First Held Elevator The first hotel to Install an elevator ele-vator was the Fifth Avenue In New York city In lKffl. NmJ an 18th Ans.nJm.nt There are win bibbers and topers among insects Just as there are among mea 78 Per Cat of Pooplo "NatiW About 70.5 per cent of the people, who are born within a stats live within that state. J.J. Com y Hoa4 The real Oriental Jade Is carved by Hand with primitive tools. Fruit and Vegetables for Third of Nation Handled by Auctions r V V Above, typical auction market scene, as big city buyers compete For growers' products. Right, auctioneer auc-tioneer endeavors to obtain highest rices. PHILADELPHIA, PA.-The fresh bruit and vegetable supply of 40,-100,000 40,-100,000 people, approximately one-tLird one-tLird the population of the United States, is handled by fruit and vegetable vege-table auction markets In ten cities. This compilation Is disclosed in a study of consumer purchasing power recently made by the Ameri-laa Ameri-laa Fruit and Produce Auction As-locution. As-locution. Auction markets serving producers produc-ers and shippers of the major trull and vegetable growing states art situated in ten leading northert. cities, cit-ies, as follows: Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Dettolt, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chisago, Chi-sago, and St Louis. Buyers representing independent sealers, chain stores. Jobbers, wholesalers and every other factor Sf trade In the metropolitan areas' auke competitive bids for fruit and produce at the auctions every day. With supply and demand establisn- x Va ' ' ' UY j fj-- tag the market price, this system of marketing effectively servcs.lba growers in the producing aress. Auctioneers who direct the sales, bring to their task years of training and experience in handling fruit and produce, plus a knowledge of marketing mar-keting and contacts with the trade. Thus they are enabled to obtain for the grower the highest possible alue for bis crop. Skating to be Feature of Play Cei A special hour of skatinffc girls over 10 years of age t Inaugurated by the leaden I" local Flay Center on FridU i August 6th. The tennli car the Harrington school pw be used for the skating, t music will be furnished tod over 10 years in the dtf ft Interested In skating are 6 invited to be present. I i The" parents of America sj are showing a great toterest Play Center which is condacMj afternoon for Uie chlldieaj day more children attend' lov the Dlav hour. A large the older girls are leamW crochet and tat. A rhvthm band for sfl youngsters in town has bees' ed. Anyone interested mtfJ1 band. If you havent a ment those in charge Wf come and make yourself s5: of a hat box. I Friday Is sewing day. J Monday is rhythm band tag and preparing of WWJ. Tuesday Is hobby diT- thing you wish to do you like to ploy with. Wednesday is story oTt of Oermany, India, and Holland will be told j Indian stories, legends, etc. i Thursday every o"' m short hike. Bring your this day, are the rders. - Friday night a spJyV tag hour will be coa of the girls In town f"Zf age. The skating win the tennis courts at tne school grounds. J Stovaine is an anelM:g substitute for cocaui - in opthabnology sad m , , n.thctle in opersuw- waere row miM - ---- . v-j. The potato orlgwa rt Padflo coast of was mtroaucea w Spaniards. |