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Show AMERICAN FORK CITIZEN of Ael&VOluftoD III . ' III I 4''' r By ELMO SCOTT WATSON CTOBER. 1781. Northward through Maryland, through Pennsylvania, through New Jersey, New York and New England speed horsemen, and sleeping tillage and farmhouse farm-house awaken to listen wonder-Ingly wonder-Ingly to the cry that rings through the night: "Cornwnllls Is taken! Cornwallis Is taken !" So the sli-year sli-year struggle for freedom Is ended end-ed and George Washington and his rngged Continentals have triumphed tri-umphed at last! The Revolution Is over! Such Is the picture which the school histories have painted In our minds. But the Impression they have given us that the surrender at Tcrk- towu meant the dawn of pence and the prosper ous beginning of a new nation Is only a half-truth. half-truth. True It is tlxvt 1781 was the last year of the Revolution in the main theater of war the Atlantic seaboard But there was one peo ple In the new nation who were to know an ether year of the horrors of war such as their eastern neighbors had never known. To the scattered border settlements west of the Alleghenles there had not yet come "winged Victory with smooth brow laurelled to teach us to forget the holocaust." Instead, the yeur 17S2 was to be a repetition of 1777, the "year of the bloody sevens," and again, vlrtnnlly deserted by those governments to whom they had a right to look for aid, the pioneers in the Ohio valley, especially those In Kentucky, must crouch behind the log walls of their stockaded forts with the savage war-whoop ringing In their ears and a shower of Indian arrows nnd bullets whistling over their heads. So In Its sesqul-centennlal year, we Americans should not forget what these ancestors of ours who won the West for ns suffered and endured In 1782, the last year of the Revolution. It opened with an affair which must ever be a blot on our history, the massacre of DO of the "Moravian Indians" at Onadenhuetten, Ohio, by a party of Pennsylvanlans, led by Col. Pavld Williamson. Maddened by the slaughter of their brethren, the Delawares rallied to their aid the Wyandols and other Indians allied with the British and waited for a good chance for re venge, which soon came. In May a body of 480 Pennsylvania and Virginia militia gathered at Mingo Bottom on the Ohio and prepared to march against the Wyandot and Shawnee towns on the Upper Sandusky. The commander of the expedition was a VLr ginlan, Col. William Crawford, a personiU friend of Washington, who had won a reputation as a brave and active olllcer In the Continental army but who wus utterly unfitted for leadership against such an enemy as the tribesmen he was ordered to crush. Crawford hoped to surprise the Indians but enemy scouts discovered his force soon after he started and Indian spies followed fol-lowed every movement of bis army. On June 4 Crawford reached one of the Wyandot Wy-andot towns but found It deserted, lie marched on to find another and encountered a small force of Indians and Canadian rangers, under the command of Captain Caldwell, which had been sent by the British In Detroit to aid the Indians. There was a sharp skirmish with neither side gaining any advantage, although Crawford hud the superiority In numbers. The next morning. Instead of forcing a buttle ond crushing the enemy, Crawford's army lay Idle. Caldwell also was willing to delay proceedings for he was expecting reinforcements. They canw In the afternoon In the person of 140 Shawnee wurrlors. At the sight of this, Crawford's nillltln began to waver and Crawford decided that the only course left for hi in was to retire from the Held. That night his force began a hurried and disorderly dis-orderly retreat In the darkness the troops became be-came scattered and when morning came there j The Blue Licks Monument i Simon Girty were only about 300 left together In one body. Crawford was among those missing and Col. David Williamson, perpetrator of the Gnnden-huetten Gnnden-huetten massacre, who was second In command, directed the retreat. If poetic Justice had been at work It would have been Williamson who was missing and Crawford who was to lead the disorganized remnants of the command back In safety to Mingo Bottom. But Instead Colonel Crawford, Doctor Knight, the surgeon of the command, and nine others were captured by the Indians. All, except Crawford Craw-ford and Knight, were killed at once but these two were taken to a Deluware town for torture. Crawford was burned at the stake and Doctor Knight was forced to watch the sufferings of his friend. Crawford Is said to have appealed In vain to Simon Girty, the white renegade anions the Indians, to end his sufferings by shooting him, but dirty either could not or would not heed his plea. Later Doctor Knight managed to escaie and after wandering In the woods for 21 days reached Fort Pitt In safety. Encouraged by their success the Indians appeared ap-peared In large numbers on the Upper Ohio nnd fell upon the settlement of llnnnastown. Pa., which they burned and captured or killed 20 of Its Inhabitants, Then the partisan Captains Mc-Kee Mc-Kee and Caldwell assembled a force of 1,10() Indians, the greatest single body of savages brought together during the Revolution, for an attack on Wheeling. But while they were march Ing thither they became alarmed by a report thnt George Rogers Clark was lending hU"Img Knives" again to attack the Shawnee towns. So McKee and Caldwell marched to meet him but upon reaching the Shawnee towns discovered discov-ered that the alarm of those Indians was groundless, it having originated in the appear nnce of an armed galley boat at the mouth of the Licking river. Most of the Indians, show Ing a characteristic fickleness, declined to go any farther on the expedition but Caldwell and McKee managed to keep together some 3(H) Wy nndots and Ijiko Indians and with these and tlielr Detroit rangers set out to Invade Ken tueky and to attuck the five small stockaded settlements In Fayette county. On August 15 they appeared before Bryan's Station, the northernmost settlement In Fayette county, which was defended by less than .ro men. The story of the brief siege cf ISryanV Statlon Is one of the classics of Kentucky bis tory. Included In It Is the story of Its herol. women who took their live In their hand to bring palls of refreshing water drawn frcn- The Burning o Col. Crawford (TVowvanotd tnjravinf n "Incidents of Border Life") the Spring which lay outside the fort and who, gambling that the Indians would nut spoil their chance for a surprise attack on the fort by molesting them, went singing down the path as though no enemy were near, although they knew that Bavage eyes looked out at them from every bush along the trail. Include in It, too, Is the story of young Aaron Reynolds. When Simon Girty tried to get the defenders of the fort to surrender by assuring them that reinforcements with artillery were on the way and that no quarter would he given If the savages stormed the fort, Reynolds sprang to the top of the walls and replied to the renegnde, telling him that the people of Brjan's Station feared neither their reinforcements n..r artillery but t tint If Girty and his followers gained entrance to the fort Reynolds and hi friends would scorn to use their rifles Imt wo, id drive them out with switches. After the failure of attempts to set fire tn the fort, the enemy wi'hdrew. Meanwhile messengers mes-sengers bud been sent to the other stations ask Ing for help and by the eetiing of August 17 a force of ISO men had assembled at Bryan's Station. Sta-tion. From Boone's Station came that famous Kentuckian at the head of his men, among them his youngest son. Israel; from Lexington and McConnell's and Mi-Gees Stations came the men under John Todd and from Harrodsburg came those under Colonel Trigg and Majors Mo-Garry and Harlan. More were reported coming from I.lncdn county under Colonel Logan, but the Kentuekians decided to f.dlow the Invaders at once without waiting fi.r Logan. Then begun the pursuit which Was to end In the famous Battle of r.Iue Licks, fought on the banks of the Mcklng r!wr on August 10, 17X2. There the rash counsel of a hot-headed officer prevailed over the wisdom of Daniel Boone and precipitated an attack which ended In disaster. For the flower of Kentucky's manhood fell that day out of approximately io men, 07 killed outright or murdered s they lay wounded and seven captured of v,lu four dld at the torture tor-ture stake. For a time It - ! that Kentucky could not recover from tl.:s crushing disaster. Then George Rogers f , had eeemp(1 to b(J suffering from h mmi,.-,. lethargy during this critical year, was i,r,.nse. to his old time energy He sent out runners t al) tne settlements calling call-ing upon all ablebn.iied men to rally for a blow at the Indians. Ag .ln the magic of bis name asserted Itself and In h short time he had gathered gath-ered together a force f more than a thousand mounted rlllemen. (n November 4 he left the hanks of the Ohio and Parted north. On Novem-her Novem-her 10 he attacked and hurned the Miami towM. "The loss to the s:n at the heirlnnln. "7 great," writes Roosevelt o.i t down and nnnlc strt.-ir. en at such ,,r....f r the power of the " '" " after the Rattle , ex p. I .,,1 returned In trlimmii cipletelv retrained Mu.ir seil commence ; m,,j or Kentucky sniT, r,., ( r, parties of saag.s, it en.-d by a serious 1m So the disastrous l:ls elided in triumph than the fact of t, Cash Revenue in Woods on Farms Can Be Made to Yield Returns Well Worth While. Jhlo Stat. l!nlr,lty.-WNU S.rvlc. Managing the farm woods so that It can be used as a source for repair materials on the farm and a permanent crop that will produce a direct cash revenue Is sound farm practice. Although most farmers like to work with pine and other soft-wood lumber, It is possible to save considerable con-siderable expense by using those species grown In the state. Good pine for construction purposes will cost from 05 to $100 per thousand, while local green oak may be obtained ob-tained at $25 and chestnut at $32 per thousand. Still more can be saved by having this material cut from the farmer's own woodlot, the difference going Into his pocket for labor In getting the material out. Dead and diseased, decayed and dying trees can be removed and used for fuel, or If sound sawed Into In-to lumber. Open places may be filled In with seedlings of ash, walnut, wal-nut, poplar and other species that can be used on the farm. In this way the woods may be made a place of pride and of value Instead of the most neglected part of the farm. The farm woods provide a shelter shel-ter belt and protect crops nnd live stock from the wind, produce maple sugar, provide refuge for game and nesting birds which destroy crop Insects, In-sects, and act as a reserve of cash In time of need. Although this Is a poor year to sell timber, many farmers are turning to the woods In order to obtain funds to pay taxes and the Interest on loans. Cultivate, and Destroy Weeds That Hurt Crops The main purpose of corn cultivation culti-vation Is to kill weeds, and If It can be done without aerating the soil too much or disturbing the roots of the young corn plants, the more successful the crop will be. state Iowa State college Investigators, Investi-gators, reported by the Prairie Farmer. Contrary to general belief, they find cultivation does not keep water In the soil. It does kill weeds that would use moisture, however. The roots of the corn plunt are located In the first six or seven Inches of soil. It Is In this layer of so41 that the most nutrients are found. Summer rains of one quar ter to an Inch moisten only about three Inches of soil. Stirring of this layer aerates and dries out the soil and prevents the roots from secur ing food and moisture. The theory that water moves up ward through the soil capillary system sys-tem from great depths beneath the surface has been disproved Unless there are great amounts of niols uire in ine son mere is lime or no such action. Weed destruction through slial low cultivation is likely to be the most profitable. Preparers Mistress What la In that hrnre bottle on the kitchen mantelpiece, Mary? Maid Oh. Just some stuff for mending china, ma'am. Hummel. SUra Tmtk Teacher What tense la beautiful"? Pupils Past "I am Uncle Sam makes people pay, but how he wastes the money! ,"c'WilZf' eeps Skhi house? "Mi Estate Az ""i leased. Lime Brought Back Land Burl Johnson has proved Ihaf lime and legumes pay on Bourbon comity (Kan.) soils. Mr. Johnson bought a run-down farm that could not grow alfalfa or clover and set about to Improve It. He limed 13 acres four tons to the acre and spread on It I'lK) tons of manure. Sweet clover was seeded In oats on this field and came on so rank that the oats could not be harvest ed for grain. The clover and a 4iV bushel oats crop were put up for hay. Mr. Johnsnn savs It good hay. too. Karly the next spring :tli c were turned Into the clover left until May 21, when the was plowed 0 Inches deep and put to corn. The corn made m bushels an acre, the highest yield anyone could remember on that land, nine acres were required to silo 12 by 4l feet. The field then was seeded to al falfa and still Is producing heavy yields. madi ows and field Only fill a cold weather was lhey were utterlv cniimit: ns Blue I.loks. and the K II, c till k.:i!. r; h for ten years long-ui long-ui the Inroads of small is never again t brent -Hi." year of the Revolution even more Important li over savage foes was cuts of that year to the a For when It came "issloners to make the Revolution It was the ::ers Clark In the ()j Ills expedition In 1782, hand of the American 1,1 -Hiding that the western '" 51 nation should be the "d the Oreat Lakes nnd ' d i r her Inland enmtm ' w Mlrn Nwp,pr Union.) Make a Post Puller A good jiost puller can be made of two by fours, bolted securely to get her In the form of an X. Brnce the puller by nailing a cross-piece near the bottom of the two legs. To operate this device, pass a ,,aln around the post, place the puller up next to the post, pass the chain over the crotch and attach chain to the double trees or other source as a out Al "o's of power. The puller acts lever and helps draw the post of the ground. - Kmmet Winkle lamakee county, Farmer. Iowa, In W'ulliK I"- A i , 1 t' ' he Import..!. f 1 1 Tiiiure luxury time for the treaty whwh w oiiiuests of ;,-,,r.(, ori o w est , ci, ! , ihleh Klrei.L'ihem ommlssloners In oiindaries of t!,i Mississippi r.wr merlca was iis-.ii w Hi I the Corn Following Sudan Contrary to general belief sudati grass does not reduce the xl.d.l f the ,-orn crop which follows any i more than some other crop. Tests , at Iowa State college over a (en j year period show that where corn and sudan were grown in a two year j rotation, compared with corn 'i,d I oats and corn and soybeans, each j In two year rotations under similar ( conditions, the yields of corn with : the so. inn have been fnllv as good as those with the soybeans or oats I'ralrle Fanner. TAOU Mi Aucn Ann BuTrcEanT of Vtn O v .Vfwll- , , ,J rL, v VA' I $ i '' , ' ,!' 'M ' ; ; uU'A V ' ' ' V,' .-,;- - - , ' ; - -3. mm tiTi. Then Eagle Brad saved the day! "We are sending you a picture of our 04 Alice Ann," writes Mrs. Joel Buttgercit, tfj St.,Verona, Penn.,"to sliowyou whatEagie has done for our baby when three other! foods failed. j "Our baby weighed 9 pounds at birth toi to almost nothing. Then we tried Eagk and with her first feeding, she seemed & She started to pick up right away and months weighed 26 pound and had 8 "Writing could never express ourgrau what Eagle Brand has done for our babj. If your baby is not thriving on his we suggest that you and your doctor j Eagle Brand. Send for free booklet. complete edition of "Baby's are"D practical feeding information and suggesWj i . ,, inee.cciw supplementary ioous uianj liver oil, etc. advised by doctors. O Every picture and letter pulliM The Borden Company is ""'L, utbya grateful parent or other rM FREE! Wonderful baby , Tu Bubuen Courier, Dept. , y UorUen Uuil.ling, 850 Madison Avenue. New or.' 1 IVtM 1 me-free -the new and complete eJiW "JUby't Welfare." Adilre- City Mo print namUrft |