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Show LABOR AND INDUSTRY SOME ITEMS OF INTEREST TO UNION WORKMEN. The Death of a Nation The Spall System Sys-tem at the Bottom of 1U Downfall lt Labor Come to the Rescue of Our Own Pertinent (juemlous. What Reward. He was a boy most delicately bred, A town boy and his motlitr'e only one; Her fair hands stroked liis shapely, curly head, She feared, for his sake, storm, cold, and sun. What had he, then, to do with suffering? But all brave men she'd taught hira to admire; So when he beard the country's war-cry ring, What could she say? His eyes were hers on fire. A oommon soldifr to the front he went. Youth, health, life, love, hope, fame, all In a breath. Into one patriotic offering blent, He flung a gage into the face of Death: And he redeemed his gaKe where bullets hlsseii, Tipping the charping column's riving wedge; Or, prison penned, with white lips hunper-klssed. hunper-klssed. Pain's brimming cup be drank, bis country's coun-try's pledge. Death he defied until death passed him by, Taking as surety only scars and youth; Then he came home, nor heaved one backward sigh O'er all he'd given up for land and truth. A common soldier as he went he came, And yet a hero! Who gives more than all? He who gives all, nor asks for even fame, What is there., more than a hero, such to call? What was he? There were thousands such as he Men every inch, from crown to tip of toe! For such, O country, what reward shall be? The gods take not; 'tis theirs but to bestow. And Godlike men 'twas manhood that they threw Into the scale when treason kicked the beam; And manhood is not purchased! Buy the crew To whom high honor is a foolish dream! This boy and all his noble fellows gave What money buys not, pays not for when given. This market talk dishonors every grave, Like simony that e'en would purchase Heaven. G country, cherish lovingly all those In need, But do not offer insult to brave men! Leave the base scramble to the shameless greed That gauges manhood by the cattle pen. Lift high each hero on a pedestal Where honor's sun upon his brows shall shine; So up the future shall their shadows fall. To teach our children manhood Is divine. T. M.t in Chicago Dispatch. Spain and Civil .Service Reform, The "dying" of a nation is a tragic 6ight. The dying of Spain, the discoverer dis-coverer and once the owner of the greater part of the western hemisphere, her death throes upon the very spot where Columbus landed and where he lies buried, is a tragedy which this nation na-tion could not watch unmoved, even were it not the instrument used to give the death blow. But Spain presents not merely a tragic 6pectacle to the people of the United States, it furnishes also a lesson and a warning. This country is called upon, to end the long agony, but Spain has been wounded unto death by her own eons. Sbe is a dying nation because of internal in-ternal corruption and dishonesty, and the description of the causes of her ruin has an ominously familiar sound to American ears. We have in Spain the spectacle of a nation which conducts con-ducts its government upon the principles prin-ciples which control Tammany Hall and the republican machines. Not only its civil service, but its army and its navy have for generations been treated as "spoils," and the result is before us. We know well what incompetency, what weak inefficiency are the necessary neces-sary outcome of such principles, and It is not to be wondered at that Spain has failed in every direction. The whole sad story is summed up in the words spoken by Don Carlos, at Brussels, Brus-sels, on the !Hh of May: "The incidents in Cuba and Manila have revealed neglected defenses, venal administration, a prevalent substitution substitu-tion of personal for national interests, corruption fostered by party government, govern-ment, generously voted millions diverted di-verted from the fulfillment of their patriotic pa-triotic purpose to the pockets of fraudulent fraud-ulent contractors and dishonest state employee, and disorder, peculation and mendacity in every department of the public service." But the corruption of Spain Is not a new growth. Mr. Charles Bonaparte told only the facts when he said at a civil service reform meeting in New York, on May 4: "No experience could be more instructive in-structive as to the evils of the 'spoils system' than our enemy's. For the past four hundred years Spain has systematically sys-tematically treated appointments in fcer colonial civil service as 'spoils' that Is to say, as rewards for success in palace intrigues or political struggles strug-gles bestowed upon the proteges of court favorites and party leaders, with little, If any, regard for the appointees' fitness or the Interests of the people they should serve. Through the persistent per-sistent application of this policy she retains, of the vast possessions which were once hers by right of discovery, only the Philippines, Cuba, and Porto Rico, all three seething with discontent and the first two in chronic rebellion. By treating public office In her dependencies depen-dencies as a 'private snap' ahe hag Irretrievably Ir-retrievably forfeited the affection and loyalty of their people; nor hag she proved any better able to enforce their permanent tubmisslon. Her military impotency tit dne in a large measure to the fact that for the pa6t eighty years the Spanish army has 'gone into politics;' poli-tics;' in its barracks have been hatched numberless plots against successive governments, and nearly all Its morv prominent officers have figured in changes (actual or attempted) of administration ad-ministration or dynasty. The corruption corrup-tion of her public service, civil and military, has cost Spain a world." Concentration of Industrie. Interesting statistics showing the concentration of industry in the United Unit-ed States are given by Mr. W. P. Wil-loughby Wil-loughby in the Yale Review. Taking the various figures he shows the change since 1870 to be: Establish- Av. No. of Average Year. ments. employers, products. 380 252,148 8.15 $13,428 1SS0 ... 253.502 10.66 21,101 1890 .122.638 13.88 28,071 Thus while the number of establishments establish-ments increased hardly at all during the decade from 1870 to 1880, the number num-ber of employes increased 31.49 per cent, and the value of the produce 57.79 per cent, and that while the number num-ber of establishments increased from 1880 to 1890 but 27.27 per cent, the number of employes and value of the product increased twice as fast, or 65.77 and 69. ;n per cent respectively. In textile manufactures of all kinds from 1850 to 1890 the number of establishments estab-lishments Increased but 36 per cent-while cent-while the number of employes increased increas-ed 248 per cent and the value of the product 465 per cent. The average number of employes per establishment has thus steadily risen from 48.5 in 1850 to 64.1 in 1860; 57.4 in 1870; 95.1 in 1880, ajid 124.4 in 1890. Striking are the statistics for flour and grist mills. In 1S40 there were 26.661 grist mills and in 1890 but 18,470. In 1840 there were 31,650 sawmills and in 1890 there were only 21,011. Yet the product and number of people employed has increased. in-creased. The sawmills of 1880 had an average of six employes and those of 1890 fourteen employes and the average aver-age product was $3,389 in 1880 and $3,192 in 1890. From 1880 to 1890 the number of establishments fell from 1,943 to 910, yet the product increased from $37,109,316 to $49,668,386, and employes em-ployes from 39,580 to 42,544. The average aver-age number of employes has Increased from five in 1850 to forty-seven in 1890. It would be tedious to follow the inquiry through all the industries, but these shows unmistakably the trend toward to-ward concentration. Pertinent Questions. The Rev. Frank Bristol, pastor of th First M. E. church of Washington, D. C, said in a recent sermon that, comparing com-paring the twelve per cent illiteracy of the United States with the seventy-five per cent illiteracy of Spain, we may boldly declare that the victories of the war just closed were won by the schoolmaster. school-master. And this does not mean that God is to be counted out. "The more science the more God in the world's history," he truly says. And apropos of modern history he asks: "Is this a less providential age than the age of Moses? Is the electric light lees providential provi-dential than the pillar of fire? Is a Dakota Da-kota wheat harvest less providential than a shower of manna? Is a South Carolina cotton crop less providential than the quails in the wilderness? Was the discovery of America less providential provi-dential than the finding of Canaan? Was the Declaration of Independence less providential than the Decalogue of Sinai? Were the guns of Dewey and Sampson less providential than the rams' horns of Joshua, the lamps and pitchers of Gideon or the rod of Moses? Were Manila and Santiago le.-s providential provi-dential in the history of human freedom free-dom than Jericho and Ai? Is Christian civilization less providential than was Jewish barbarism?" Pertinent questions ques-tions these and suggestive of the future responsibilities of this nation. Labor Jfoten. The labor press all over the country reports that work in every industry is picking up. Denver department stores have discharged dis-charged all children under 14 years of ge as the result of agitation by Den' ver labor unions. ' Eight thousand coal miners of Tennessee Ten-nessee have secured a seven per cent increase in wages without a strike. The movement which was begun about a month ago at Fall River, Mass., having for its object the closing down of 25 or 30 of the principal cloth mills for four weeks, has failed, and all the mills will continue in operation. Judging from the accounts of elaborate elabo-rate preparations for Labor Day celebrations cele-brations this year, as given in the different dif-ferent labor papers, they indicate that it. will be a memorable day in the annals an-nals of labor affairs in this country. Peace hath her victories, and her heroes, no less renowned than those of war. The dally danger of railroad employes em-ployes and of men who follow the sea are quite as great as those of men who go forth to war. More men face death and actually meet it in these two callings call-ings every year than have been killed and wounded on both sides In the Spanish Span-ish war, or than were likely to be if it had gone on, with the same proportion of loss, for a year to come. The Wire Nail trust, which Is said to control eighty per cent of the nails of the country, has rut wages about thlr-ty-three per rent during the past month, and strikes are threatened and in progess in some of its mills. The trust has declared the intention of fighting out its labor troubles to the end rather than make any concessions to the workmen. In addition to the strike It is oaid that carpenters, lathers lath-ers and building laborers' national unions are issuing circulars to Uwlr subordinate unions declaring the j,j. duct of the trust unfair. SCIENTIFIC TOPICS CURRENT NOTES OF DISCOVERY DISCOV-ERY AND INVENTION. tow to I tlllte a ttrokea Bottle Telegraphing Without the Gee of Metallic Wire Aa economical fie for Water 1'ower. Aa Economical I n of Water Power. One of the neatest and most economical econom-ical power plants in the country is constructed on a plan furnished by a practical farmer. There is a good spring on his premises, but it lays too low to be available for hi dwelling and farm buildings. The city water pipe passes his door and this ha6 been tapped to furnish water power. A stream not larger than an ordinary knitting needle turns a little motor that operates a small pump, the continual con-tinual working of which fills a tank that furnishes water for the entire establishment. When a small amount of water is used and the tank fills to a certain line there is an automatic shut-off shut-off that stops the water. Renewed use allows the valve to open, when the pump again ' begins working. One farmer has a most admirable arrangement arrange-ment for water supply based on this principle. An enormous pipe of Iron is placed upon end in a deep hole prepared pre-pared to receive it. The bottom of this is Portland cement and through this floor pipes pass out through which the water is furnished to the buildings. One length of this pipe is entirely below the ground and Is walled up with stone and cement, while above the ground Is another length of pipe similarly protected by a stone casing. Small steps in the wall give access to the top of the pipe, which is closely covered. These lengths of pipe are eaeh twelve feet long and about six feet in diameter and are placed on an elevation some distance above the farm building's. The city water furnishes the power for pumping, and the tank Is ample to supply sup-ply not only the necessary water for farm and domestic use, but also the power required in the barns and dairy, cutting teed, working the churn and the like. The cost of such an arrangement arrange-ment is Inconsiderable when its value as a saving in labor is taken into ac ount. Digestibility of Cold Food. It is impossible to digest articles of food until they are raised to a mod erately high temperature. Much of the Illness prevalent in summer would be avoided if people ate warm food, as they do in winter. Delicate persons speoially, should avoid cold dishes and drinks. They are extremely taxing to the digestive powers, and a great draft on the vitality. The human system has Just so much power in reserve and If this ifi exhausted in warming up the large amount of cold food that Is taken into the stomach, there is but little left to carry on the other processes of fxistence. A physician of wide experience expe-rience says that for forty-five years he has scarcely had a day's illness or an hour's pain, and this exemption from suffering he attributes to an unvarying practice of taking a plate of hot soup three or four times a day, winter and lummer. His practice is largely metropolitan, metro-politan, and if he is tired or overtaxed he makes it his imperative duty to visit the nearest first-class hotel and get a dish of the best soup he can find. He frequently takes it without accompaniment accompa-niment of any sort; occasionally a cracker or roll is eaten at the same time. This man declares that, all things being equal, he will stake his reputation on the theory that nine-tenths nine-tenths of the intestinal troubles of the summer season could be avoided by the systematic and frequent use of hot beverages, or what is better, dishei of soup eaten as hot as they can be relished. rel-ished. Telegraph Without Wire. This is the way the telegraph pole of he future will look. Moreover, there will not be lines of telegraph wires stretching across country and making the distant sky look like a music chart. Wireless telegraphy is coming in. Already on the Isle of Wight they have a wireless telegraphy plant. Messages Mes-sages leap from a pole like this one at Alum bay. fourteen miles through space, to Bournemouth. A man named Marconi Is responsible for the wireless system of telegraphy. Klcctrlc Carrlaffea. Some of the railroad companies in Europe are discussing the feasibility o establishing electric carriages In connection con-nection with their business. The plan 1b to provide electric cabs that are capable of carrying at least four pas-singers pas-singers and three or four hundred turunda f luggage. They must run between thirty and forty miles la a day and are to be built so a to b trim, manageable and not at all cum brous in appearance. The looks of a vehicle has much to do with its suc cess, and the problem of the automobile automo-bile will never be satisfactorily solved until the carriage Is light looking and attractive, as well as useful and relia ble. The railroad cabs are to be put on trial for six months; the dynamoi belonging to the station will be used foi charging the accumulators which run the carriages. As the electric plant ii used principally for illuminating and is, therefore, not at all taxed durina the hours of daylight, it can very well spare the power to propel these new vehicles. rtlilxlua; a Broken Bottle. We give a somewhat unique way ol UUU.IHS a broken bottle. But even, if you do not care to make a practical use of the suggestion, you will find s-it s-it an interesting experiment in th study of heat. When the neck of a bottle is broken off, a raecert cd u n mhirh whnilv unfits the buttle for any use whatever, except to be thrown on the ash-heap. Let us see how we may save it from that melancholy fate. Place the boitom part of the broken bottle on a table and pour oil into it until it reaches the point where you would like to have the bottle cut. Then heat the end of an iron poker red-hot and plunge it suddenly into the oil. There will be a little snapping sound, and you will see that the glass has been evenly cut, all around, on a level with the oil. The accompanying illustration shows the whole process. If you wish to carry your experiment a little further, and make a number of glass rings, you have only to remove re-move part of the oil every time, and repeat the process above described. Pour out, say, half an inch of the oil each time and you may easily make several rings half an inch in breath. You will recognize in this experiment experi-ment the same principle as in the fracture frac-ture of a cold glass when hot water or hot coffee iB poured into it. Glass is a poor conductor of heat and the fracture frac-ture is caused by the expansion of the inside of the vessel before the heat can get to the outside. Phlladephia Times. , .... An Irrigating Canal. The problem of irrigation has, to some extent, been solved in some of the Oriental countries, but is far from proving satisfactory in our own land. One of the greatest feats in civil engineering en-gineering ir, said to be the irrigating canal in Noribwest India. The main canal is nearly 500 miles long, the principal prin-cipal branches are about 2.000 miles long and those that embrace the villages vil-lages along the line will amount to something over 4.000 miles in addition. The Bengal canal is over 900 miles long. India is remarkable for its tremendous tre-mendous irrigation system, there being in all something like 14,000 miles of canals used for this purpose. They supply water, too, and render more or less fertile something like 8,000,000 acres of land. Alnntlnlum. Drop-forging is now being applied to shaping aluminium. It is forged to shape like iron. This improves its strength. Among new uses may be cited the following: For centrifugal machines it is found applicable on account ac-count of its lightness. The oiI-cup3 on locomotive crak-pin bearings are now made from it. The brass cups were very apt to break off at the neck; the light aluminium does not. Lithographic Litho-graphic plates are made of it. The surface is prepared by the sand-blast. This roughens it, and it is then rolled between smooth rollers. It is proposed pro-posed to make identification tags of the metal for soldiers. They are to be inscribed with the name and address of the wearer, and in case of death in battle, will remove painful uncertainty even if a certainty scarcely less painful pain-ful be substituted therefor. Lighted by Vacuum Tube. At the recent electrical exhibition in New York a small Gothic chapel was Illuminated solely by means of a sys tem of vacuum tubes, the invention Mr. D. Farland Moore. The tubes, as the accompanying picture copied from the Scientific American shows, were arranged overhead, being bent to follow the curves of the ceiling arches. The tubes were about two inches In diameter. The light was soft, and in color resembled daylight. It was without perceptible heat. The system is adapted to the electric circuits now ' in use. Another Wevther Cycle. Statistics are presented in a recent number of Nature which tend to support sup-port the conclusions of Doctor BrucK-ncr BrucK-ncr that there is a regular cycle, of about thirty-live years, In the course of which the earth experiences a change of weather from a cold and wt period, through a hot and dry period, back to a cold and wet period again. According to these statistics we are now in one of the comparatively dry periods, but early In the twentieth century the condition of things will be reversed, and the wet yean will outnumber the dry ones. nTTTTPT? THAT1 MTIATT? UIYCill HJ J j Al 1 .-1111. I TWO MISSOURI CIRLS ESTRANGED. BECOME due Trlei to Knllit lu I lie V. S. Army But 1 Kinoaert in Time to Prevent It A Case of Perverted Affection. Affec-tion. 1) E L E D E N S-MORE, S-MORE, of St. Joseph, Jos-eph, Mo., wants to enlist in the United States army. She is 21 years old and a slender, lair-faced till. It is possible pos-sible that sbe would have found some way to enlist and become a sol- dier had u ut. been lor ner s eemcu. i. , i. ,.f The parents of the young woman heard of her desire to go into the army and attempted to dissuade her from trying it, but their eftorls were in vain. Miss Densmore intended to disguise herself in hoy's clothing and Join the army. Her parents became alarmed and called on her sweetheart to help them keep the headstrong young woman wom-an at home. Miss Densmore's sweetheart sweet-heart is another girl, 18 years old, with mild brown eyes and hair. That is the most surprising fact t lint was brought to light in the young woman's recent escapade. It has long been RUTH LATHAM, known in the neighborhood of Twenty-fourth street, north of Frederick avenue, St. Joseph, where the two girls live, that they were sweethearts. Miss Densmore plays the part of a man and Miss Ruth Latham is the girl she loves. People in the neighborhood have looked upon it as a piece of silliness silli-ness between the two girls. Even their parents, for a long time, did r.ot re gard the matter with any degree of Beriousness, but lately they have come to realize that it is something more than the play of children. It is a case of perverted affection, as plainly as any case that has ever been noted in medical hooks or by science anywhere. The two girls are plainly and insanely infatuated with each other. oth-er. They are as deply in love with each other as though Adele Densmore were a man. To all appearances their affection for each other Is marked only by purity, although they make use of all the usual manifestations of love, and that to an extent that would not be dared by a young man and a young woman in the sight of others. They kiss when thry meet, and kiss again when they are about to part, with their arms about each other. It is said by the parents of the young women wom-en that, this state of affairs has existed during the past four years, and that the strange alliance has grown stronger strong-er year by year. Miss Densmore is given to wearing male attire, and has had several pictures taken of herself in the clothing of her brother. With that exception she bears not the slightest slight-est resemblance to a man. She is below the medium height, but is still taller than her sweetheart, Miss Latham. La-tham. During the past four years they have been together almost constantlyat con-stantlyat t hoi r homes, which are close together, on the streets, at places of amusement, and at church. Wherever Wher-ever one Is found, there (he other will bo also, unless sickness or some other cause has kept her away. Their actions ac-tions leave no doubt that each one of these feminine hearts has been taken possession of by other. They will not young ADELE DENSMORE. men, and if any attentions are bestowed bestow-ed by them on one the other is plainly Jealous. When they are together Miss Densmore Dens-more assumes the prerogative of protector pro-tector for her companion with all the little courtesies that mark the conduct of an accepted lover. She carries the umbrella and gallantly assists her companion com-panion out of the carriage, lends the way through the crowd. Jealously watches every movement of her companion, com-panion, anticipating and supplying every ev-ery want. Her conduct Is worthy the study of any anxious anfl solicitous lover. She pays for all the theater ttek.au, buys the Ice cream and boa- I 1 i encourage the attentions of i y i;v iipi I M'" -I'M mv J tt bons, and, although her oscillatory c reeses are not g0Ve,ned by the. rules that govern young men and young women, she is a perfect adept in the art of kissing. The tenderness and grace with which she imprints on the cheeks and lips of her girl sweetheart these seals of affection have caused many a beholder to long for the ability abil-ity and covet the privilege of doing likewise. The two girls are considerably alike in complexion and general appearance. Both have brown eyes and hair and small, delicate hands and feet. Either one of them could be the sweetheart of any young man in the neighborhood if she desired, but each one firmly refuses re-fuses all advances made by the young men. They are often thrown in the society of men, but Miss Densmera protects herself from them, and the chance for a word with Miss Latham is limited to the whims and Ingenuity of her companion. The love glances between them are given and returned with a warmth of feeling that sometimes some-times causes a blush to mount to the cheeks of tile younger girl. To all appearances iliey idolize and worship each other. It is believed by their friends that they engaged lately in a lovers' quar rel and that Miss Densmore's determination deter-mination to enlist as a soldier was ihe result. Anyhow, she was making preparations to leave home for that purpose when her parents made the discovery of her intentions. It may have been that she only wanted to show to her inamorata that she wa still more like a man that she had the masculine bravery in her heart. If they had quarreled it was made up again when they met, and Miss Dens- more has been dissuaded from going to war for the present, at least. OLD INDIAN'S STRANC E ORACLE Traditions 400 Year Old Preferred by Me j ban Tribe. As is well known to all who have looked into the matter carefully for instance, such men as Lumboltz, Starr and Soville there are in remote parts of Mexico today to be found portions of tribes of Indians who are practically as much given to idolatry, superstition aud witchcraft as were their fore-hears fore-hears in the vanished years when the gleaming banner of Castile and Afagon glanced amid the peaks aud valleys of Mexico, announcing the advent of a stronger race and more victorious faith. The other day, while making a little trip over the Interoceanie, that runs through so many picturesque Indian In-dian towns, 1 happened to meet in one of these villages a very intelligent Indian In-dian who told me the following: Whether it is true or not I do not know "I tell the tale as 'twas told to me." He said that on the northern slope of Popocatepetl, near the foot, there Is a large cave almost unknown to the outside out-side world. In this cave lives an old white-haired Indian who is the oracle of a smali tribe of Indians in that vicinity, whose language is unlike that of any of the neighboring towns. This little tribe has never been conquered either by the Spaniards or by the church or by the modern government of the republic. The Indians have preserved pre-served all their old customs and traditions tradi-tions until this day, and are practically as they were 400 years ago. One of the very curious institutions among them Ir that of the oracle, or seer, who dwells In the above-mentioned cave all alone. He is always the oldest and wisest man of the tribe. He is looked upon with the same superstitions reverence rev-erence as were the oracles of Dodona. and Delphos in the boyhood of the world. In that cave are preserved rare gems of curiously carved emeralds, such as the great "Ma!inche"seot home to Spain; idols of gold and silver and copper and stone, pearl necklaces from the far-off Gulf of California, and strange robes of feather work, of which, but very few examples are known today to-day outside the pages of Sabagun, Prescott or Clavigero. There are also ranged in fitting order the ancient goda of this strange people, of whom this old man is the high priest. Once a month a commission of the oldest men of the tribe visits the cave and takes with it, in the name of the people, offerings of-ferings of fruit and flowers and eatables eat-ables and incense in honor of the gods and their oracle. Upon all affairs of importance to the tribe this old man is consulted, and his judgments are as those; of the Medes and the Persians. I asked whether it would be possible to visit him or not, and was told that no one, not even members of the same tribe, outside the beforementioned "commission," had ever seen the inside of that strange and mysterious cave. My informant told me that at a certain point all persons are stopped by a guard and told that they can proceed farther upon pain of death. And this is not. a tale of 400 years ago, but of today. The tribe and its cave are at the north side of Popocatepetl, . and every Saturday in Atlixco members of this tribe are at the market to buy and sell their simple necessities of life, Uevived on the DlHM-ctlng Table. The dissecting room of the Military hospital of Algiers has just witnessed the resuscitation of a soldier who had been supposed to bo dead for three days. It was at the very moment when the professor of surgery was about to dissect the supposed corpse that the soldier suddenly awoke from a prolonged pro-longed lethargy. The three persons who witnessed the scene were struck with such amazement that they were at first unable to do anything. It was not. till after they had seen the supposed sup-posed corpse quietly slip off the marble slab on which he was to have been dissected, and go into an adjoining room to write a few words on a sheet of paper to assure himself that ho 13 really alive and awake, that the doctor and bis assistant came to bis aid. Ik is stated that the recovery of tbe safe dier is absolutely couujI, |