| Show u K I NG C GT T 0 N I 1 T J Ei J G A CROP FARMERS THAT IS OF MAKING THE NILE ILE RICH THE J I u Special S Correspondence of tlc Des Copyright 1907 by b Frank a G Carpen Carpenter ter terAL havo pelt AL Uto whole or ot today IlIg about tho ho cotton of ot Alexandria They he extend for Cor n mile or so IO up down dowil the canal which joins this city to the Nile and uro flunked on 01 thu other tilde side by b railroads filled till ell v with cot cotton cotton ton trains from every part of ot Egypt These wharves lie tho ot Pompeys Pompea Pillar they the extend nil all tho to tho harbor them lire ire great warehouses with and buss There ar 1111 cotton colton presses nearby and In tho city lt olf olfIn In IH o I great cotton the tho people buy unit sell us liS they tM do dunt at Liverpool from the Iho samples ot or lint which represent bales nought In tn from Crom the tho plantations COTTON COTTO MAK IlAH T Indeed iI cotton otton IM UK bin 11 II factor here hoie as It Is IA In New and till bunks of ot this canal ennal one Olle of ur tile inu great cotton market ur uC that tin city elt ell tire of oC vast ast extent and tuu road IlIe laid lu ui way WU Is covered with bales ur or lint and Bleat bags ot cotton umu Hi ue biU 1 upon th tho bales 1 wagons hauled ny mule Other r uie Ill unload IMF tile inc curs lurs and bouts and uio on trying Lin COL Linton COLton ton to thu llIe tulo ino III lI ld bas on their bucks aim now and then a 1 man mall may be Ie neon a It bag of loose cotton a n IOU cou couple pic of oC hundred pounds upon ills head cotton seed Is IA taken from Crom 0 oats In the tho same way seed to the tha mount or CO pounds oneil u a uR alid R ud lid for tOl ono onu man mall If Lato in the thu I went down to tho bailor to tho cotton steamers mourners They were on cargoes lor tOl Great Russia Husla und and tho United States Cotton forms three fourths of tha tho of ot this th country countr and 1110 worth of U It UIs ItIs Is initially shinned to tu the Ow United Stales This Is II so notwithstanding wo ralso mom than thun of all 1111 tho cotton ot the tho world Thu total product In was wal almost bales bal s of ot which wo raised over then produced a little leH than 1100 and 1111 1 its product brought mate molo per laIc balo by far fUI than ours There Is al ul always WIl ways S a big demand for tor I cot cotton cottun ton tun It Is worth on the tho average than that of ot any allY other country and It ItIs Is III In fact the chief moneymaker of ot the thc Nile valley COTTON COllON IS KING Cotton is the great Pharaoh which tho Egyptians I He has tho majority of the Nile tanners In hla hll employ and he pays them royally He has rolled up a II wave of ot prosperity which Is II now the tho Nile val valley nl ley Ii from rom tho Mediterranean to tho Ca CB and the thc prospects are that hu ho will mako malto his hi countr row richer J from year yea I to yeni Cotton Cott n Is now about SO SOI I of ot now new clean c ean money Into the I laps of tho Egyptians every 12 months and this means an of ubo about l 40 pel family In addition about 10 are ure annually realized from tho sale of ot cotton seed and cotton cako so that thal every man woman and child I In the valle of ot the Nile has hns on an 1111 av average II I crago 9 worth of new money mone from this crop alono Not Nol only this but the tho cotton yield Is steadily Increasing and with tho now Irrigation works now under way wa it wilt will soon be greater than ever oyer From 1895 to 1000 Us It annual value vl lue was only After Arter the tho dam was completed It tt to 70 and It Is now as I 1 have hae said over A GREAT FUTURE In the tho past tow few months the tho British government has haa decided to raise that dam dum This will almost double tho amount ot at water which can ean bo IJo used for tor the cotton crop ond that means moro moru cotton and Ind more money lI on Lord Cromer tho British governor general says that the tho greater part of ot upper and ond lower Egypt can bo ho made to crow cotton and that the cotton plantations will t eventually oVer cover more than thun acres It 40 ner cent of ot this area arell Is annually put Into cotton cattail at tho present average yield of at per acre It will produce something like bal annum or as liS much lluch muchas as nIl the present cotton the world Sir William r n of ot the great greatest est Irrigation of at modern times and tho man who hud much to do In the dam says that bales Is II one of ot the of I future and Ind that It will be 10 or ID oars cars before be Cor the crop ClOp reaches that amount In addition to this them thero may bo IJo further Increase by hy water Into somo the oases which He lie In tho of tho Iho NUo out Ide tho river bottom also bv h draining the real reat lakes about Alexan Al xan dria and In other parts of ot the lower low r delta CO nOr nOrAll Aa All It Is now Egypt la Is fast tast taking a high among the cotton countries of ot tho world Tho United States StateR stands first Sho produces pro about tret ri News by Frank G Carpenter Car bulos balos annually East I India has hall tha place her annual product runs Ing from Crom to bales with Egypt far Cr In tho rem rear Since tho build building ing of ot tho dam the crop croll of or Egypt has been steadily Increasing until last year cal It was WIl six Ix and fourths million which at nt pounds to the tho II for tor OOS Ing mako loko million pounds or III over 1101 bales E lt pro produces 11 duces moro cotton for Cen Its Il and mi 1 tho area planted d than any an other country ot or orthe the world Its average crop la III 1 per Pt w Is far CUI In ox IX NIN of ot ouis Ur Jr d r of de th department of ot says l 1 that our average IK 18 only pound per pr al 11 although though we have of oC many nony notes which produce MO 00 pounds and moro nO DIG BIG S SI Egypt I pt cotton hi hies bis hl There Iome kinds which soil 11 for tor double the amount oC f out cotton It 11 IP In fuel cotton of or the th world with the exception of oC Sea SI Island cotton lotton which crows l on tho off Mr tho coasts aa UI of or Georgia and South Sonth Carolina The Sa Island Illan 1 cotton hns a little long longer er 11 than tho Egyptian I The Is lor the most t part brown In and andIn In noted for fot Its It which It for f I manufacturing mercerized otton We Vt Import an 1111 enormous Humi Humility lity tit of ot Egyptian 1 cotton to mix with our cotton I hear heal of or cotton here tiling rOt foi 20 and 2 cents ellIt a I pound am alii told that there Is III n a grent In III the varieties raised ml ell us liS to th parts art ot or the th Nil valley In which each kind Is II raised ra I ed The Tho very cr best cotton colton grown In the del delta ta tn nna that thaI region Is now producing more mol than ot of till Iho crop Lois than a quaner of oC a tl million acres uel lire ure now In cotton In tho IIII y of Nile above alOo Cairo and tho yield s neither ro largo nor so good us un that of or the del delta ta COTTON PLANTATIONS S SI I wish I could take tako you OU with mo on a trip through tho cotton Holds of oC tho valloy The scenes there arc noth nothing ing thoS of oC our nul southern states II Much of ot tho cotton Is ed on small and every evory field Is marked out with canals Into which tho water Is Introduced 1 from Crom time to time are no great farmhouses l over the landscape and no barns The Tho peo people people all In mud village and go out outto outto to work In tho Held They uso USI for Cor plowing and harrowing and tho crop is handled In a n different way L I t me give you OU a few pictures as aH I hlo made mado them while the traveling through the country Take a I look over tho thi Delta D It Is III a I expanse of at green spotted holt here and thorn thoro with white patches Tho consists of ot alfalfa Indian corn com or 01 beans Tho la Is tho cotton I ron can see It stretching out before mo m as us far Ial os nil osmy my eye PO can roach Here lIere Is a I Held fied the tho lint has been gathered Tho land is black k and It luis has windrows of ot cotton stalks running across It Every Eer stalk has been pulled out by the tho roots ond plied up Further on wo we another field In which the tho How it is Grown and Marketed Cotton Planta Plantations and Their II Scenes in the Fields The Boll Weevil Which is Fought by Forced Labor the Cairo Agricultural Department is is Doing Improved Seed and Artificial Fertilizers r i i l J THE COTTON WAREHOUSES ARE ABE OF VAST EXTENT Frank C G Carpenter Taking n Sam for fill Ilic Ille stalks have boon b n tied lIell Into bundles I Tho will be he sold as fuel wilt pro produce duce a I full Cull ton of dry wood to the nero aero neroTh Thoro Th re arc Ho IO forests fOI In Egypt and all sorts l of ot fu fUJI l are arc The rite stalks from ono acre will sell soli for tor 2 or moro more Tho cotton colton stalks arc used for tor cooking for tho farm tarm engines on tho larger plan plantations and ami even cen for Cor running tho gin ginning ning establishments In that village over oer there you may ml see so groat bundles of ot stalks stored away a aon on the tops of ot tho houses Corn fodder Is plied d dup up beside b them tho loaves ImeR of oC the Iho fod CO COtiN tiN dor having been heen torn off olf for food foed IB Is not this a l queer country where tho keep their wood pile 1 on their roofs COTTON COlTO PICKING G GHere Here Is III a I field th thoy y arc III picking cotton There Thero arc alc scores of Ir little Egyptian B p tian I YI and girls working away awny among amonA the while balls They have hn 0 dark brown facts The Tho boy wear blur blue gowns and dirty white skull kull caps The Tho girls havo cloths over Oer heads All aro 10 barefooted and ore nr fi 10 much per hundred pounds A boy ho will gather 30 or 01 40 pounds In si It day do and 1111 1 ho does well oll If It ho earns as Oil much as ns 10 cents Tho first picking begins In Septem iral I inu land Is watered l and a second picking takes place In October There Thel Is u II third In November the land being belli again between times limes Tho Th and second pickings yield tho best b st liber They arc mc kept apart from Crom the tho third and sold separate separately ly 1 CAMELS LS AND COTTON BALES DAIES After Aftel tho cotton Is picked It Is II put pul Into great has bags and 1 upon up m camels They the are 1110 loading four Caul such In that field at tho side 61 10 of ot the road Thu camels llo III lint on the ground with their thelt long nocks stretched out Two bags aro a It load for fOI each camel and Ind to th r they tho Will 1111 weigh wel h about BOO pounds Each big Ilg la Is us as long Ion ami wide as IS a bed mattress and about four foot thick Listen to tho groan glOan us they tho load k them There Is one which Is actually weeping You can ean sou sO tho snit salt tears run down hH his checks Now Ol watch the camels get up lip Each Eich rl j J hack back end first tho bags swaying to and fro aM 0 1 he docs Ioos so 1 0 How angry he ls Is Ho lI INN goes oft with lIh his hili lower low r Up lip grumbling and groaning like liken a n spoiled child chilli How odd the tho camel look as rn the they travel Tho ho bags on 01 their c s Ieh lImos almost to the ground and each ungainly boast bel seems to be n i sK I if IN i Looking down clown the tho road wo can see long caravans of camels loaded with bales and on the thc other side of that 1111 canal Is a II small drove dro of donkeys bringing In III cotton Each donkey Is hidden by a I bag which covers Its back 1111 nil III hut but Us Its little le m It looks ii lIe walking ort off upon ulon less lessIn I In Tn this wiy y the cotton 11 N 1 1 brought U 10 Iho th station and to the boats bOlitA The latter go no out ot one waterway Into until they got into tho and to Al AI Tho he railroads filled unit cotton trains during the son sen son Kon and Junt now there aro long strings i of ot cars loaded with cotton coming In Inui ui tn thin city Some HOllie of ot this cotton bus hils been Iwen ginned baled balod upon the tho plan plantations t II other Is II sent In In tho seed mad find hiro Thero aro gin ginning ginning ning at ot the tho larger cot cottan cotton ton tan markets of ot the Interior many of at which are run by h and which have as IlS machinery as os we wo havn Al At tho III e p gins till Uio seed Is sued nn l shipped to Alexandria by railroad 1 or by h boat HOW PLANT pr COTTON IN EGYPT Egyptians spend morn work on their crops than our southern farmers In the t place 1111 co tho land has to bo ho plowed with camels or for Cor tho planting It In lie divided d Into basins each ench no 10 that It will hold havn canals inside each ellch eo IO ar III arranged ranged that tho water will run in unit and out through every cery row ro The Ihl HeM Is IH cul 1111 Into Inlo hells of or this do de ranging In III from 24 21 feet Ceet to 75 iG foot t et square lUlI The cotton Is 11 planted In rows 33 3 Inch Inches es s apart the tho plants being from 14 to 20 inches In the Iho rows 1011 U t takes a t more than a I bushel of sod seed t tn the acre ocre The seeds 8 ore arc soaked In IiI wa water 1 tel ter before planting and any which to tho tI surface thrown away Tho planting IH Is done by I men and boys bos tho coat cont Is like a II dollar nn nerl The seeds H soon sprout and andIn In 10 or 12 t days the plants appear They arc 1110 now thinned by hand then water wat r is III lot let In upon them tha farmers being careful not to give glo them too tl much The plants are frequently hoed ho 1 They Till have havo water overy OVer c k or so po Inri this Is kept up almost to the time of oC pick pickIng Ing The planting Is usually dono dur Inu the month of ot March ns os I r have said the tho first picking begins be along In September TIm THE WHITE NILE MAKES TIm THE COTTON It will surprise c many to know that the tho cotton crop of Egypt Is not red fed by bytho h the tho rich mud o a Abyssinia which comes down In the thu waters of or the Nile at nt the tho time lime of the th Moods floods That mud Is brought to Egypt I by h Iho tho Atbara nUll tho mill film Nile and Is II poured over the land dur during durIng ing the pennons when tho cotton needs It least The most of ot the tho water used for cotton conies comes down during durIn the summer Bummer This Is from tho White NilI which Is 11 almost as ns clear and pure ns as tho water r you ou drink on your our tulles tables The Tho fertilizing must hence come from the tho silt lilt deposited dur during durIn ing In the or from manure and other fertilization I um told cotton ns nil It ts grown here the soil that th people are Injuring tho staple ro 1 the tho amount of ot tho product by h It used to bo that tha t cot cotton cotton ton was planted on tho same lame ground I only over third year tho ground being I used for fOl other crops or allowed to 10 fallow during the remaining two years elut At present Rome omo of ot the cotton fields worked year and others two ars It nut at three On most torm cotton n i 11 now planted CV other year where I as tho Ih authorities say that In order ord r to huo a II good yield not more man Dan 40 per 1101 cent of oC ones one land should bo In this i i crop crOll from year to year car FIGHTING THE elm BOLL lOIL WEEVIL VII Egypt has hus had a lot of ot trouble with tho boll This pestiferous tot cot ton worm Is to bo found all ull along tho of ot the Nile anti and I told that It Is doing doln grant glent damage on tho plan of tho th Sudan 1000 miles Abou Alexandria It Is said that moro mora than of cotton culton WOI do de Ito cd by It In 1301 1901 and that hun of ot the smaller Sill II II farmers ruined In III the meantime the tho gov government go has been doing dohl nit All H It can to 1110 out thin plague but It IH h under great disadvantage The tian nl are und and they the look upon such things as Ill the boll as a a 11 judgment of ot God Gall think they 1110 can do nothing to avert them Tho government has had to Inaugurate n system of forced |
