Show the th e oil 0 1 problems P ro bl ems in in the h great G reat uintah U i nta h basin B asin V ARTICIA LI V PROP 11 11 11 II 11 in the last aver the barger voina of gilion lite were described it IH Is a fact that and tho the othor other aw ap halto phalta arr t tho th ro re nult of tile evaporation and oxide ilon lion of petroleum we found that taking tho estimates ot of Eld rodigo 08 to bo the t quantity of gilsonite tte in the few large veins vein which im he studied and lito hi i estimates arc are apparently the minimum it would take a lareo large amount of oil nt at leant least a canant he h lenored ignored to form part it at least and alid in a leary itay and anti tic in defined denned manner up 1111 it not the wah of tilt tho writer to con fuse of ot acabo tho the reader reador alti inch toch geological priny or with worthy until it her beronies onies feces pary for tho cleabor of the tile problems lemn to bo lie olvil but tit t cov buts ahon I 1 im how unsafe it in without ovi dence of or tho tile certain idin of beds both abobo und and be w low ft a formation to correlate it etli I 1 a discontinuous or dIrA tant fornin tion the bridger beds anrig nr in jn the brider basin in wyoming tiry thoy chaye have been divided on oil tho lh basis 1 oll their fodill mammalian faunn faunas into a half halt dozen 11 horizons horl hori they arc are rich in marn mallan ant ind reptilian ton slits of the for former A 41 all ds ill R green iziver filled alu fth ve inlets of bout tso 20 feet ica ielo 11 a top toll of thel formation tito rock below 14 I 1 tough dark crinkly oil t hale gemsts 1 and nd fruct ul ing ax the gm gademan demAn dr FY ancke to 1 Is wen hitting sitting at t the junction of the two kinds of rock these inna imi onse tense boins in this article we were to begin the search td 0 seo sao if it it is 11 possible to discover the source of theeo veins and to ascertain when where and i how under what conditions they wire ware formed it la Is tho legitimate business of the geologist to do th this Is if it possible and it tj albo course which seeing to the writer far more likely to brine the desired practical re in 4 now field than to atari start off at onci in the search of certain typical structures which in many cases have proven productive hut but have in many other cases prove unproductive in other fields with a different geological history and structure we have hilve already bivien a number of facts moh suggest structures that SO far ai ft i I 1 am aware have not been generally here structures which do in many fields influence tho the concentration of oil and which also suggest an to one ono of the questions which wore pro posed in tho the lat la t 1 article regarding the mannor of occur ence ance of the veins of gilso otte I 1 did not to give an opinion as a to the ginoi of certain facts until more evidence was before tho reader probably no some m e have already anticipated the solution by the facts the data referred to are those concern ine ing the length of the veins thela their vertical position the fact that extend la in certain direction gt and that they occur in groups and aud in IA jamilel pan allol MIlel bands with spaces or cones of approximately the same width apparently patently ly us the bands between the zones the roero mero drying out of the strata could hardly have formed these veins or fissures for the veins in the th manner in whick they oc cc cui cut we will say more of tnie this when nhen we corn come to the of fissures it wae was seen en that the th e vein of the bonanza group occur principally in louerl the heavy hewry sandstones sand of ot tho the lower uintah and middle uintah deposit deposits I 1 these tetia bave kave been designated in probably over species havo have been or more above the bottom of what ig ia billed the lower uintah horo here aps fps all 11 ll mammals have been found which resemble choso of one or two horizon horizons orl or levels in the bridger dastil go far as I 1 am awnee no Id entIll able have been collected in the lower or SOO feet of 0 the eo so called lower loer vintah there now seems uch such will be col looted and but a large amount of 0 fjeld dorkof collecting laboratory arudt and comparison are necessary too identify corr correlate elite dis d ls the and map tho barlou a tertiary which ov orllo te green river deposits south eat east an d banh of the uintah mountain anul adhe we will aad con tuon and id probable error by designating theeo these beds by their beir local garnear na rnear and anti jermary formation Vornia dons i in n the 1 h basin will be to beame become familiar fantl lar with the differ different edt divisions of the cretaceous and tertiary deposits I 1 ire below Is a list of the names olli covered it lintrue that COO feet of the formations as they will mill he be condition conditions in regard d to the oil it to bet get an of the j used in ther theau articles the upper fire the Young youngest pst the tile loer ae oldest I 1 upper ulnah 0 of afi Po torson I 1 intall 11 1 1 I 1 t war walsh mintah k of lonion ippei green izirer middle hortien run iziver lawor l ower firem vrr ali rl I 1 ji i 4 1 ni t to me mon men n manaj mown r Slin Shit loj loi bilota ajl alu I 1 non v wt w t beer these abod 1 in your ilnia 1111 R up tit with care in fit tran to t dio tover thu tile source o 0 of tho til begill i W tit tin anol aol aal hainly sanda abil in will att h ahr laiwin dykon ura found I 1 alm jat 1511 dot do elow abow strong Indication ind 11 es of being Inifi reg with oil or abul here it I 1 ut in 1 1 I 1 eram for uh call bo 10 obtain obtained od if i nillo unto lu to forni theae lurge 1 caino came tva these sand fotonus it blara almost ct that tile they woultz bt be highl in lit 1 lo 10 ill ilick to sand atolies on oil both ales 1 or tile hi dykas i rn ro hut till this illura altura toti tion con oi ei foni corn tho tile veins rat amli 1 e i thui thau tho the veins froin from 1 rocke rocks allo 0 fat clr fatin in I 1 I 1 of ov do ile ice ad a d coulp to 0 a nt at 1 reddit nt beono on a to t lo 10 I 1 0 lit 11 favor lit of tho lillar lilt ut the tho greato part of 0 t in ili lt u earth mated in usually of dark t lor tor u ari ii ac i aro br or were rich in ill 0 canic tw twitter itier though some favor tto to that a large 1 barf of it originated lit llo matono which were formed ot of ilia tha and other hard parle parts of ani nials jn in tho the th o batth caia it Is i sup supposed aappo eod that the soft parts of tho tile have been entrapped and have formed the oil in the tle here bore thoro thero ig Is very little limestone end and tv tl 0 o Hand mand and sandy at ah alris though I 1 showing a few ew traces of univ do not as a rulo riale appear to be rich in organic matter these formation however change much from front place to place and what hat la Is said I 1 of thorn them hero here will not apply to tho the etame deposit tartar to the west 0 1 I thoy they aro are undoubtedly river flood plain delta marsh and lake deposits and chango very much locally i wo we aliki au however discard tho tile probability of the petroleum in ill those until we have made an nu effort to to find a mow moro 0 avious source i the possibility that the OIL 11 1 in other bedd beds or otter local ilief and migrated to these sands brt bri port part of them will be considered lalor lator tracing 1 out ut 0 origin lot I ct ug us now trace these thesis altes aa 0 tl to to gee tree if we can find the origin of the gits gilsonite onite there as I dredge sas they tiler out or feather out there in the rp jrp klon or the bonanza and vains abro they hae hane been corked the ulnah mas heen eroded awny but farther a to tho me horth it in badland bad land huh bills and south aest acet facing badland bad land blum or escarpments carp ments 1 N ther fore in tracing thov sipa to the e arc are re tracing them up into the ove overlying flying mpr IT Intall dullere the lel icons s soon illo dio out this feat feathering heVIng out is probably due to the tact act that 2 40 large larger a proportion of these Jo polla tits is n consolidates 1 sandy clays which would boli ld take ta k e up the strain by ablove ment of tile particles rather than by featuring tie fla luring turing if they ended abruptly wo might inight infer that the upper aln tali at least in part was wo deposited titter ilia the veins coln were formed formerly cheso deposits depo elte undoubtedly cov tile older uintah deposits elta to tho I 1 thard pat on what in termed tit tho reservation the lower part of tho the vintah haa ling much more bedded sandstone ean delone and tho the next couo of gils gilsonite veins wont west of tho tile bonama Ito nania group extend far to tho tile northwestward cutting into theas stones in the tile region or Ilan dlott fort lort and moffit but probably farther out in the after gutter over ayi ix beds to ho northward II 11 r tho above explanation of the pinching out to the northward nort be tho tile true one it would salvo the of the tile dt surface eurlace dearle brin and animal remains in tho the gil gilsonite as thu veins did not open to the surface but pinched out jn the uever aln rail tali this will bo be bettee under stood after wo vm havo have made a study of the tho behavior of rock fla flou surIng ring etc et cunder under atrain in ili tho tile badland bad bail land deposits of uio we upper of the eafern portion ot ol the tile basin which lies la in wo we do ito not annd the type typo of a formation impresses Impre sees us ae nil bel being ng tho tile source of the groat grest dyles of hydrocarbons it ie Is truo true that farther to the westward aib oib tho tile re reservations ions 1 as we dball tee later there are bands of carbon carbonaceous accous shalo shale which in thin bandi bands arc almost made up of vegetable nat lor azid those rivo give tests for oil all the aana stones dra alao also in many place places saturated we make ono one more quest and if it wo we do not flad pome strata below which seem adequate to fur culls ish h the amount of oil zil required wo we arity may make 06 more careful search in tit tho the formations let us tin some advantageous place ip the northern portion of tho part of tho uintah baclit which lies in achtor ah tor observation we are stand thi on some bench or for mesa D BO neath our debt je Js rio ilio upper up per Vint alij and probably each formation enu i aerated above lies ia a succession cl deeper and deeper beneath our feet As we me goto goto the southward we descend at loner long intervals a series of or terrace terraces to the level of older and older ower deposits we come to tal abere the upper uintah ends in a lino of south of Y re wo we see eee it no more ait jt haq been ached away and iho he middle uintah appears still farther to 16 south this formation vanishes hes andl and uie green G reen river appears and aten tl ena jn in sua aboon the wasatch the mesa verde ond tho the mancos me edudd cd uld have graphs which had been taken at intervals of a hun years for a years or more and if wo had them combined combino dt in a rt contin continuous udus film and thrown on I 1 the screen we would apparently see chefe terraces terrace or escarpments all be by debris 0 ue o draw a line etli with ithmal thosa prospect bolei to see where abey hey eo go over the rim of tho bluff A little below tho the top we seo see fragments of gila onUe ve dm aia away tho the debris and find small veins of ot this 01 rooter wo we dig farther and anti nil tind it that 1 thero there are several veins eveln s with a perpendicular I 1 Vendi cular cour course c or running runn lne Into inta reach each other p As it is often expressed uw is ahot shot tull full pr voina vellis I 1 we no llo eo go A little lower r and tol 01 ollow a it amro faced raced ledge or r terrace oi 01 more inore haly rock to see if we can find sigar of ar W any adv clile ie to its I 1 I 1 origin little if any T ta found but we descend 0 to o a lower le lei el and follow another ledge back here wo w find pockets packets and streaks of a black hydrocarbon which Is 1 undoubtedly thi thing we ae arc UTO after we are nov now fn the tile green greca river when wo ne get back to ane a of tare larger vein wo see several ef filets cutting til through roligh the shale 0 b raa A 1 1 7 0 1 4 ae M T S wr i wd e va e I 1 ginning farther to tho the southward fird and toward thel north r each successive one at diner ent rates tates de depond angon on the sir ur or softness of the and oher which accelerate retard i cr croshon oro islon oslon the condU loniS ng being aa a above dep clofed it will be that ibe fl tow tho which contain uio me to tile Rout huard wo we will over their edgel and if tho rucks are nr not riot bvrd ov rd up tit there should be in tin opportunity to to truce trace these ving vins down into tit lie groon green if thuy extend loit into that the formation wo we will follow tho dolan iu a veto or tho tile bonanza vf vin lu as aloy nw aw ww ilow tod to tile southeastward I 1 over the undulating benchland hench betich land to the brow of the short doop deep canyon chith entyre white allver th bluffs 11 liepp hers are capped by tho lower uintah sandstones Band sand stoner on oil thu the top of tho the bomb course of tho olau it I 1 marked by occasional prospect proe purt holes ast tho the volna veins have been covered anil and extending oxton dinc upward toward tha the larger vc in I 1 X av 4 EL r i aki aw M ka M handy 11 i mw nestr lie tile top op of the green formation cut rut barough edth vans of KO tile cliffs alpo e nn an jamar 1 sandstone hll hald the tho bonanza conica comes oer the li brow of he tile blidt bli iT to fhe the right rishton of tin the cliff we then go a little rather aft ther clong along the bluff to iho the southeastward whre there Is an overhanging cliff to the 1 capping sands sandstone tono and the shaa are wore bare ve e 1 4 tl tt e latter again ihde Ch through rough alith with veins t ut gil I 1 te W go still fart farther herand and see apro of theao the and to n places the look ojik oll on the surface A little wn r III he 11 changing ch to 1 taire 16 a 1 vein albig HO ito bedding plano soini of tile rok ie in vilh itald oil in III tho ali rock ore are bartly with cllon id vv liloth tilli in 1 associated with ofir r or minerals un oil aorl tant ti it 1 I getting illy the hour soure of f till ill 1 1104 t tory ry him surrounded t alum h of gilsonite A dinall portion of or tile ali dark dar k ali or handy randy thalo shale when lion put into t i tel juho tuho with chloroform turna tito latter to io an ill ati riber or dork dark reddish bron color ag olin ples 1 or alnor tin r willet allt into till tills kilell put in lit chloroform chloro form wv A it dark oil ring 1 on lop top of t tho 11 in fit tating testing for oil in ill thin tills uny onn ono should pour the solution into a clean cloan te test s t tube as its reflection rot lection from froin tho tile ylitalo in the bottom of tile tubo tube will ill show a dark ring sometimes Sometime i the oil has been iia naturally filtered in ili its it migration tarou tt rough il certain kinds of rock and it la is so transparent nt thai one Is doubtful uli whether ether it Is 1 an oil ring or not to be sate bout about it one should pour the ol ution on a small white porcelain dish and lot the chloroform evaporate II 11 there Is oil ll 11 will remain on oil tho dish as an oil residue if it it is asphalt it will ill be dark and sticky iud anti hae llao a pecullar ir rank odor which one oooo u learns to recognize ne 0 descend the slopes cate carefully fully aa as the ate steep and treacherous we examine the ste 1 p faced crills 11 and in man places tee bee small aein ein of te cutting the shale diale perpendicularly the rock now is nearly ne ir all of a EL or ilat lat na miu roand is quito quite uniform in colot beirth oa the surface ce a light greenish grab though darker bands are balu u theo thega fales |