Show a i cem 1 p viii t II w i hi j 1 w r I Y r y i i I 0 1 V jt- jt f f fa 3 k 2 m 1 1 t a 4 lt 1 p w. w TS T'S 1 j y ji I i J f f f A i I I l d 1 s. s l J Iff g k a or t. t m-J m r I I 19 I J it k h t J o t Iti liV- liV liVo 9 i ka 1 4 t r ld Hy y uv I WATSON rm 1 28 23 is Hie the anniversary of the t birth of James Monroe soldier Y RIL statesman fifth President of the United States and that date finds preparations under way in Virginia the Moth Mother r of ot otI I Presidents for honoring the memory of one of her most versatile sons On July 4 of this tills year there will be held a celebration celebratIon celebration cele cele- bration of the centennial al of t his death In which the whole nation nation nation na na- tion will be asked to participate particIpate participate pate and at the University of ot Virginia at Charlottesville Char- Char Va where the principal observance will be held heId President Hoover will speak forthe for forthe forthe the nation in paying tribute to his memory At that time Ash Lawn Monroes Monroe's home n near r Charlottesville where he liv lived for 26 years will willbe willbe be dedicated as a national shrine Several months ago ngo Jay W W. Johns a a. a Virginian whose home Is in Pittsburgh Pa nn and who is Is' Isa a member member member mem mem- ber of Gov John Garland Pollards Pollard's Virginia Monroe Centennial commission purchased Ash Lawn with with the idea of presenting It to the na nation nation rin- rin tion as it a patriotic shrine and his is gift will be formally accepted and dedicated on Independence ence day Another feature of the celebration on will be the unveiling of a n statue of Monroe which has hadan had hadan an nn Interesting history It Is the lost statue of Monroe made 33 years ago by Attilio Alit New York sculptor by order of President Crespo of Venezuela following a dispute between between between be be- I tween England and Venezuela in which President President dent Grover Cleveland Intervened under the Monroe Doctrine President Crespo had planned to place the statue before the capitol In C Caracas Caracas Cara Cara- rn- rn cas but before It could be sent to South America Amer Amer- lea ica a revolution overthrew Crespos Crespo's government and he died In jail Since that time the statue has hns remained In the sculptors sculptor's studio and It wasby wasby was wasby by accident that Mr Johns dis discovered it If and purchased It When It Is unveiled at Ash Lawn it will wUl be the first statue of Monroe to be erected in his native state Monroe was the last of the Virginia dynasty of ot Presidents Washington PresIdents Washington Jefferson Madison and M Monroe Monroe In In In the early years of the Republic But th the fame of two of them Washington and Jefferson have so overshadowed his that few Americans Americans' realize what a versatile man he was wasand wasand and and ii how holy W Important a part he played In some of the making history-making events of those years Born In the Rappahannock Valley in Westmoreland Westmoreland Westmoreland West West- moreland county not far from the birthplace of Washington and In the neighborhood of the famous Lee family Monroe was the descendant ant of ot a n line of Scotch cavaliers who ho had emigrated to Virginia at early emly colonial times I Like Ike many other famous Virginians Monroe entered Wile Wil VilLiam liam and Mary college at Williamsburg and he was a student there at the outbreak of the Rev Rev- His father Spence Monroe a farmer had been one of the leaders In Westmoreland county In taking a n determined stand n against the tho Stamp Act and when at the outbreak of hostilities ties three of the professors and about 30 of the students at William and Mary left lett school to Join Washington's army Monroe was eager to join them So in 1776 1716 he marched away awny as a lieutenant of the Third Virginia regiment commanded by Col Hugh Mercer a n personal friend of WashIngton Wash Wash- ington and proprietor of an apothecary shop In FrederIcksburg where lived Washington's mother mothr moth moth- r er and sister In the same regiment was another t young Virginian a classmate of Monroes Monroe's destined des des- tined for future fame as Chief Justice of the J United States States John John Marshall Monroe served t under Washington at White Plains and at liar Har lem he crossed the Delaware with him and was wounded In the battle of ot Trenton He also took part In the battles of Brandywine Germantown and Monmouth and to eventually rose to the rank of ot lieutenant Washington appreciated the value of his services services' serY ices tees and tried to have ha him promoted but Vir Vir- ginia did nothing further for him Hurt Burt deeply by this neglect Monroe was considering taking up tip P diplomatic work worle In Europe when the war ended but he heas was as finally persuaded to attach his fortunes to those of Thomas Jefferson who had become governor of Virginia and thus thus' began be be- gan the lifelong friendship between betwee the two men which was to have such an Important effect on n Monroes Monroe's career He Be soon entered public life as a member of ot the Virginia assembly and then as us a member of ot the Fourth Fifth Firth and Sixth congresses of the C Confederation He Be was elected to the convention to self ratify with the new Constitution and aligned him Patrick Henry In opposition to It He Be believed that It gave the executive too much p power er Later however he assented to Its Us rati rati- by Virginia with the understanding that the proposed amendments should b bi a accepted ept d. d a r r 2 al c q s' s r do oe a 1 James Monroe fifth President of the United States Ii 2 Attillo Attilio New York sculptor with his statue of President Monroe which is to be given a permanent location at Ash Lawn near Charlottesville Va Monroes Monroe's home for 26 years after being In the sculptors sculptor's studio for many years It Is 11 feet high double the life size sizo of Its subject made from a solid block of Carrara Car Car- Carrara rara marble and weighs three tons It was made after the Vanderlyn portrait of Monroe and rep rep- represents represents resents him at the age of fifty 3 The dilapidated mansion at 95 Crosby street New York city In which President Monroe Monroe Monroe Mon Mon- roe died on July 4 1831 was sold at public auction auction tion a few years ago when the American Scenic and Historic Preservation society which had bought It was unable to provide for its Ita upkeep 4 Laurence Gouverneur Hoes and his mother Mrs Rose Gouverneur Hoes of Washington D.C. D. D C. C at the entrance of the law office of President Monroe In Fredericksburg Va Mr Mr Hoes a great-great-grandson great of Monroe purchased the building and on April 28 1928 the one hundred seventieth anniversary of Monroes Monroe's birth it was was' dedicated as a Monroe shrine 5 Mrs Rose Gouverneur Gouverneu Hoes of Washington D. D D C. C great-granddaughter great of President Monroe placing a wreath on the grave of Monroe in Richmond Va on the anniversary of his birth He was one of ot the first Virginians to take iak office under the Constitution The first senators chosen were Richard Henry Lee and William Grayson Very V ry soon afterwards Gra Grayson son died and Monroe was selected to succeed him align aligning ing lag himself with the Anti lIe He r re resigned resigned re- re signed in May 1704 1794 to become the diplomatic representative representative of the United States The position was a n difficult one as both England and France were treating our new nation nation na na- tion with contempt although at war with each other and the danger was that we might become involved In war either with one or the other otter To make the matter worse this country was divided Into two factions one wanting to go towar to towar towar war with England to help France France- and the other favorably disposed toward England Although ugh the outspoken friend of France e Monroe did what he believed best to avoid war although his acts were subject to bitter criticism at the time Returning to America he was made governor of Virginia and served for three years At about this time Spain ceded the Louisiana territory back to France and as the right to the navIgation navigation navigation tion of the lower Mississippi river was a burning burnIng burn burn- Ing question our government decided to try to purchase the mouth of tho river from France Here was an opportunity for Jefferson to give vivo Monroe a chance to go back to France and retrieve retrieve retrieve re re- trieve his diplomatic fortunes He was selected as ns a special envoy emoy to visit Isit Paris and help Robert Livingston the resident minister treat for the Louisiana purchase Napoleon In view of ot the expected renewal of hostilities with England figured that he would proba probably ly lose this territory by conquest and ana was ready to de deal l he refused however to treat for lor the sale of the mouth of ot the river and said saido In o his blunt way Buy the whole or none He lIe ked one hundred million francs Following his successful deal In Paris Monroe went to London to assist In drawing a u treaty touching our maritime grievances with Great Britain This treaty contained no provision against the future of ot our seamen and President Jefferson pigeonholed It without I. I t ft 6 by J 14 i II 14 eY 1 s e y o- o ori ri 1 i. i r sending It to the senate Monroe returned to America In 1807 and was again elected governor of Virginia although his success in France had been somewhat dampened by his failure In England Monroe served only a short time as as governor of Virginia and then resigned to become secretary secre secre- secretary tary of state in the cabinet of President Jamea James Madison a position which he held until l 1817 1817 In 1814 15 1814 he acted as secretary of war its iff adds adds' lion to performing his duties s. s as head hend of the State department This was during the time when our unprepared go government was t trying to blunder through w with th the second war Yar with England when the British British had captured Washington Wash WashIngton Ington and burned the Capitol and Madison and his cabinet had been forced t to seek refuge In to Virginia Monroes Monroe's service In the Revolution e stood him himIn him himIn In good stead then He took charge of ot the mm tary situation n around the Capital and soon brought some semblance of or order er out of thosa those panicky times which saved the he gov government front from dissolution and from conquest by the British It It was Monroe who ord ordered red Gen Andrew J Jackson to march at once for New Orleans Orleans' with his militia without waiting for government arnis and this promptness undoubtedly had something to do with Jacksons Jackson's great victory there By 3 now Monroe had held virtually every ery Important Important Im Im- Important elective office and it seemed only natural natural natural nat nat- ural that he should become the candidate for tor President in His victory er over his opponent nent neat Rufus King ring was an rin easy one Monroe receivIng receiving receiving re re- re- re electoral votes to Kings King's 34 So pop p p. p ular was Monroes Monroe's administration th that f in 1820 he was almost unanimously re reelected reelected elected there being be be- ing one electoral vote ote cast against him He received out of Tho The second administration of Monroe became famous as us the Era Ern of Good Feeling when sectional and political Jealousies and hatreds were little in evidence and the whole country was vas apparently united in the cause of progress a a decided contrast to the administration which followed More than that a number of important tant events took place under his two administrations Litra outstanding them 0 among being the promulgation promulgation promulgation pro pro- of what has since been known wn as the Monroe Doctrine the S Seminole war defenses of the Atlantic seaboard the Missouri compromise the acquisition of Florida the problem h of resisting resisting resisting re re- Europ European interference In American affairs af nf- fairs and the reception of ot General Lafayette Lafayette-a a national visitor Monroe left the White House a poor man For Fora a time he served as a Justice of ot the peace in Virginia and as a u regent of the University of Virginia at nt Charlottesville where he with Jefferson Jefferson Jef Jef- ferson and Madison gave much personal attention atten atten- tion to the duties of that position Fate ruled that this that this great Virginian should not when his time came to die lay himself down to his final rest on his native nathe soil solI He died In Ne New NewYork New v York York city on July 4 on 1831 on Independence nce day dar a n fitting date for the end to come to this tills man who had bad fought for that Independence and had se seen n the new nation grow up p from the work worl of him and of ot other patriots But u James Monroe came back at last to the land of his birth In 1858 on the hundredth anniversary of his birth his body was remo removed from Its burial place In New York and placed In Hollywood wood cemetery In Rich mond moad Va where his tomb Is a shrine for al eL patriotic pilgrims to the Virginia capital p i by Western Newspaper UnI L |