Show I t. t j I. I 1 i j 1 of Bee Disease Is Seen Seeni I Foul-Brood Foul Can Cani lii-J lii i American i I Be Controlled by Water- Water i I 11 Solution I II I Prepared d br bT tb tho United States Department 1 of f I Widespread Interest has hns been i aroused throughout the UlC beekeeping Industry in- in b by the apparent success of ot some Bome recently discovered disinfectant methods In the treatment and control con- con of ot American foul Disinfectants Disinfectants such as an alcohol solution are being used with fair success sue sue- U cess and eliminate to to a n great u. u ex- ex U tent the large losses losses' previously caused by the necessary destruction of all combs Infected with this tills disease disease disease dis dis- dis- dis ease of ot the brood of ot bees The use of the UIe alcohol solution as a disinfectant Is a step steEl In advance In the control of ot the disease disease dis dis- ease says the United States Department Department Depart Depart- ment meat of Agriculture but apparently I there Is still room for Improvement which will eliminate the danger of occasional oc oe- oc- oc cases of ot failure For that I reason treason and because of the great InI Interest Interest In In- I terest In the subject the the bee culture laboratory started preliminary work worl early In lu 1924 for tor the purpose of makIng making mak mak- 4 ing Ingan an an exhaustive study of ot the efficiency emI effi em- elli elli- I j clency of various arlous disinfectants including in In- 1 eluding the commercial forma alcohol lin un solution as weIl as as' water r I 1 solutions I i Results Resul s of Tests 4 A discussion of the tile results of ot the tests completed to date has hns been published pub pub- I i I In Department Circular i 1 j I which Is now read ready for distribution It J was hoped that the results of the J l. l I Investigation by laboratory methods t would form a a basis for practical work In the apiary As the work worl has deI developed developed developed de de- de- de numerous difficulties have haye 4 I been encountered which Indicate that I the problem of ot the perfect sterilization I tion of American foul brood combs Is La I neither simple nor yet et fully uIl solved soled The results obtained with virl various us dilutions of alcohol and of df f a alcohol- alcohol I solution as the carrier for U I 20 per cent of their volume of are not sufficiently complete to warrant warrant war war- 1 rant conclusions as to their relative 4 efficiency All of these solutions are areL L unsatisfactory y In tl that lt they hey do n not t i 1 completely y te sterilize all sealed celts In 48 hours A 20 per cent solution 1 of ot in water without alcohol alcohol l Is slightly less Tess efficient than thal the alcoholic ali alj al al- al- al i j coh coholic lc sol solutions U ns I In sterilizing In 48 J hours the contents of sealed cells because be because because be be- 1 cause of Its failure to penetrate many 1 f of the tle but It sterilizes all open ope cells In that p period I 4 Satisfactory Results I In view Of the cultural results obtained ob oh- tamed however a 20 per cent solution solution tion of In water was found the most satisfactory disinfectant for for forI I sterilizing Infected combs with regard both to Jt action and low lowI I cost provided tiie the proper precautions I t are taken All honey should be extracted ex cx- I Iii I all aU brood brool should be bet if t completely removed red and the combs I should b be tr treated at lea least t twenty twenty- tl four tour hours gr r forty eight hours if it itI itIs I Is found desirable to wash them In InI I water after treatment i Care Car must be taken not only with I u the process roc ss o of f disinfecting disinfecting- combs Infected In in- with American foul-brood foul no noI I matter what solution or method is j 1 used but equal or greater care must 11 be exercised in the the treatment of the diseased colonies themselves to elimInate eliminate nate the danger of recurrence of disease disease disease dis dis- ease from that source The successful success success- ful sterilization of the combs will otherwise be of little avail avan A copy cop of the circular may be secured secured secured se se- se- se cured as long as the s supply lasts by writing to the United States Department Depart Depart- ment nent ent of ot Agriculture Washington D. D C. C |