Show THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS LOST EACH YEAR TO DAIRYMEN THROUGH IMPROPER COOLING N rill I 1 1 j N y N 0 t 1 A 14 th 1 1 i in n times of cold weather prepare for hot weather harvesting ice in a northern state prepared by the united states department of agriculture ABrl culture end each year dairymen lose thousands of dollars from returned sour poor butter and tow low quality cheese clie eso these losses are largely due to iiii proper coelln Z of milk and cream crenin on tile farm according to dairy specialists for good results milk and enam en am should bo cooled to RO 60 degrees or lower anti held there and ns as th il usually can nil best bo be done by the use of ice dairymen should take advantage of any nearby near by calce or stream to obtain it supply of ice for nest year ice costs little tho the ice harvesting season fortunately comes at a time when nhen there Is tile the least work on oil the farm for men and te tennis and consequently tile the actual money cost Is usually not very grent great tho the quantity of fee needed depends upon the location of tho the farin whether in the north or lit in tile south the aitu her ber of cows milked and the method of handling the product lit in tho the northern states it ima hafl been found lint with a moderately good ice fee house one half of a ton on of ice per cow Is sufficient clent to cool cream and hold it nt at n low lov temper attire for delivery two or three times a week one and one half or two tons per cow should be provided where milk Is to be cooled st capacity of ice houses A cubic foot of ice weighs about 87 07 pounds so in storing ice fee it Is custom nry to allow front from 40 to ba 0 cuble cubic feet tier per ton for the mass of ice at least 12 indies inches must iiii st bo be left between tilt alie ice and the wall of the building for insulation su unless tile the ice fee house has permanently manent ly insulated walls and nn an un tin usually usually large space for insulation beneath and above the ice fee filere n lake pond or stream of clear water mater Is riot not available some borne preliminary work in III preparing the lie ice field will be 10 required before freezing weather lier sets in it Is ther therefore eforO able to mako make all plans for tho the work a as 11 soon ns as poss possible lle water for the ice supply aply should bo be entirely free from froin contamination or pollution pond ponds s and sluggish streams usually have grass and weeds growing in them so that the ice harvested Is 19 likely to contain decayed vegetable matter runt ter which Is always objection objectionable they should therefore ther eforo bo be thoroughly cleared oi of such growths grow lis before the ice lifts for ined in some sections it Is necessary to impound the water for producing ice fee this inny be done either by excavating diverting a stream into tit the excavation ca or by constructing dams across low areas in localities where very low temperatures prevail for several weeks tit at a time and the supply of pure water vater Is d blocks of ice fee may be frozen in metal cans or in special iber alber containers in harvesting ice it Is 19 des desirable hrabie to have it field of sufficient clent size to nil tile the ce cc house nt at n single cutting ns its tile the thickness and quality of tho the ice fee will 11 bo be more nearly uniform anti tile the feces enry preparation for cutting nil anil har vesting need bo be ismile but bill once in jnnny however the lie of tile lie pond or la Is much that lint it la Is to wait alt for n second crop in anler to nil tile let ice djou house sa the liver ngo HRC bartner requires ottly only it thuly dinall quantity gf ice so chilt oven oen a small surface will usually prove proe largo ellough espee lilly it if leo ice Is cut tile ho second time 1110 lie square feet of surface required per toti toil hen ohp leo larf Is it 1 Is eliou in ill tho lr following follow anble stu of nice 22 liy hy 22 aiches square feet of ice surface required per ton of ice thickness number of cutting lipaut of ice cakes required requited inches aler berton ton per ichton ton 4 30 1054 lu fl 6 2100 I 1 15 6 19 10 12 1014 10 4 1 14 4 89 S 9 13 16 78 79 is 13 60 69 23 4 29 20 63 22 67 few tools toola required when it of led ice Is to tf be lint hesed but few tools nio are required iho following list contains those actu biilly needed for ice on it small scale two ive saws one lidid worker one pulley and rope two pilm of f ice tongs ones two ice hooks one pointed point eil bur bar and ono one straight edge while these tools tire ore till ill that lint tire lire necessary ones such ns as the lie home lioi sc plow aritt marker horse semper and inacker nil anil a calking bur bar uro arti convenient till d will help to expedite the work of tee ice |