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Show I d g .ul ul . .ule e . + J rrank Frank Duryea ( Iert left ) at the tiller tillerof ' of his car at the start of the first firstautomobile + & , U Uautomobile automobile race In the Umted United States Statesheld M ' ' held In Chloago Chicago on Thanlsglvlng Thanksgiving ThanlsglvlngDay ( swr swrr swrDay Day 1895 Be Beside tde Duryea Is Arthur ArthurM ArthurVhlte ArthurhI r M hI \Vhlte Vhlte White \ , an umpIre - , I IFllty Fifty Fllty years year $ ago J Fran Frank FrankDuryea FrankDur ! , Dur Duryea ' ) ea and hts hu brotherCharles brother , . Charles , . formed the Duryea DuryeaMotor DuryeaMotor DuryeaMotor Motor Wagon Corp Theymade They Theymade Theymade made andold andsold and $ sold old 160/ 160 16of 160the 16 of / the quaintmachines quamt quaint quamtmachme quaintmachines machme machines $ in 1896 Theirs Thelr Thetrs $ Wlt was wasthe wasthe $ the pioneer proneer automobile rnanufactiinng manu mane manufactlmng maneIacturrng factlmng Iacturrng factlmngcompany Iacturrngcompany companyof companyo company o of f the theUnzted theUnited theUnited Unzted United StatesThe States State StatesThe $ The 1895model 1895 model modelWlt modelwas was Wlt $ de descnbed described described scnbed scribed scnbedIt scribedas as It $ a vehicle vehrcle running'on runningon runnmg running ' on four tt/iecJs tt iecJs uheeh leehwIth uheehwith t / leeh wit7i wIth pneu pneu- pneumatIc pneumatic pneumatic - - matic tires tlre $ and ball bearingsSpeed bearmgs bearings bearmgsSpeed bearingsSpeed Speed Speedu Speedis is u controlled by a prop proper proper proper er arrangement of gears conesand conesand cones conesand and levers ' . Tlie The Duryea company , de despite despite despite spite its earlystart early start and the theprestige theprestige theprestige prestige enjoyed by the car carfollowmg carfollowing carfolloiving followmg following the victory victoryIn victoryto in to the theAmencan theAmerican tlieAmerican Amencan American . , automobile race atChicago at atChIcago atChicago ChIcago on Tlianksgiting Than1.sglJwg Than1sglJwg Thanhsguing . . , Day Day,1895 Day1895 , . 1895 fadedout faded out in the 1900s 50) 50 SOYears 5OYeorf ) ' arsofAutomobilecr " ( Automobiles Automobile i By AL JEDLICKAFIFTY JEDLICKA 1 IFTY years ago , , H HKohlsaat H HKohIsaat Hj FIFTY < Kohlsaat KohIsaat , , editor and pub pubhsher pubfisher pub-- pub pubhsher - * - hsher fisher of the old ChIcago ChIcagoTImes ChicagoTimes ChicagoTimes TImes Herald , took up his pen pento pento pento to make this daring darmg predic predlc predic- prediction prediction - . tion bon to a skeptical public pubhc public"The pubhc"The public"The "The The " horse st still l has work to todo todo todo do hut but motors are coming commg m in mand inand inand and they w will l , m the end , be becheaper becheaper becheaper cheaper , faster and more moreecononucal moreeconomical moreeconomical econonucal economical They will of ne- ne necessity ne necessity . - cessity cesslty command ultImate ultImatesupremacy ultimatesupremacy ultimatesupremacy supremacy The law of selec selec- selectIon selec- selec selection selection - - tion , the survivalof survival of the fittest fittestis , IS going gomg to play its part m in mcarrymg incarrying mcarrying carrymg carrying it out as it has played playedit It m e\ e everything eerythIn e'erythiii eerythiii ' \ ' erythIn else in the theworld theworld theworld world " Kohlsaat was drumming up lus his luspromotIon hispromotion hispromotion promotIon of the first Americanautomobile American Americanautomobile Americanautomobile automobile race to be run at Chi Chicago Chicago CMcago ChiI I cago m Dl IlL . with the . twin tv.m tvm tarn obJectIves objectivesof of popularizing pcpularlZmg the motor car and andimproving andimproving I Iimprovmg improvmg improving the country s roadv roadways roadwaysHis roadwaysHis . ays HIs was no easy task tasL tor for though thoughthe thoughthe thoughthe the automobile has since smce become an animportant animportant animportant important economic and social 1 I anI nk nkin nkin nkIn I in American life it was then looked lookedupon lookedupon lookedupon upon , with VIth curiosity and even susp suspdon suspdon suspdonIndeed , cion don I IIndeed donIndeed Indeed the nation s farmers thenwere then , v . were ere In the forefront of oppos tlon tion tionto tionto I Ito to the automobile as exemplified by bythe bythe bythe the affronts suffered by LoUlGreen Lour LoUl- LoUl - ' Green Greenough Greenough Greenough ough and Harry Adams of PIerre PierreS S D in the early nineties mnetles Ha Having Havingconstructed Ha\mgconstructed Ha mgconstructed \ , mg mgconstructed constructed a homemade horse horseless horseless horseless less wagon powered by a two cyl cylinder cylinder cylInder inder gas engine and capable of ofseatmg ofseating ofseating seatmg seating eight the progressive paIr paIrwere pairwere pairwere were refused the right to carry pas passengers passengers pastengers sengers at county fairs and were wereeven wereeven wereeven even refused permission to drive drivetheIr drivetheir dnvetheir theIr vehicle Inside the town lI1mts limits lI1mtsof limitsof limitsof of Mitchell MitchellSaid Said the Press and nd Dakotan"It DakotanIt Dakotan Dakotan"U "U U ' " 7t is a dead moral certainty certaintythat certaintythat certaintythat that that < bat infernal machine machme will willfnghten willfrighten willtnehten fnghten frighten horses and endanger endangerthe endangerthe endanecrthe the lives of men urea women and andchtldren andchildren andchildren andchildrenModel chtldren children chtldrenIodel childrenModel ! \ Model \Iodel Iodel T Arnves Arrives ArnvesBy ArrivesBy ArrivesBy By the tune tIme Henry Ford sold soldModel s old oldModel oldModel Model T started rolling rollmg in ID the 1900s 1900shov.ever 1900showever 1900showever hov.ever hovever however . the American farmer hke like hkehis likehis likehis his other compatriots was rapidly rapidlyaccepting rapidlyaccepting rapidlyaccepting accepting the new motor car Rad Radical Radical Radical ical \ improvements l1I\provements l1I provements unprovements in m construebon construction construebonand constructionand constructionand and design have come through the theyears theyears theyear years * A vast integrated roadwaytystem roadway roadwaysystem roadwaysystem system presently comprising comprlsmg near near1y nearly nearly 1y ly 600 000 miles rrules in state highways highwaysalone highwaysalone highwaysalone alone has been constructed Almost Almostfrom Almostfrom Almostfrom from the start the gas driven car carsupplanted carsupplanted carsupplanted supplanted the electric elect"nc electnc " and steam steamJobs steamjobs steamjobs Jobs proving provmg a steadier source of ofpower ofpower ofpower power and simpler to mamtamThe maintainThe maintain mamtam maintainThe The extent of the development d"velopment dvelopment " of ofthe ofthe ofthe the automobile m in the 50 years dat dating dathog dating ing hog from the first American Amencan race raceis raceis raceis is Mvidly 'Ivldly Ivldly avidly ' shown m in the Chicago ChicagoMuseum ChicagoMuseum ChicagoMuseum Museum of Science and Industry s sexhibit sexhibit sexhibit exhibit in connect on with the cele celebrabon celebration celebration brabon bration of the motor car s golden an anniversary anniversary anniversary anniversaryIt niversary niversaryIt It v as at the southwest entrance entranceof entranceof of the present museum then the theFme theFine theFine Fme Fine Arts Build Bwld ng of the ColumbIan ColumbIanE ColumbianExpos ColumbianExpos E Expos .pos pos > . t on of 1893 that the herald heralded heralded heralded ed race of 1S95 1895 got under way WIth WIthSIX withsex withEUC SIX sex vehicles vehtcles lined up Four were gas gasdriven gasdriven gasdriven driven of either double double or smgle single smglecylmder singlecylinder singlecylinder cylmder cylinder motors and two were elec electnc electric electrie tnc tric poweredAccordmg poweredAccording powered poweredAccording According Accordmg to accounts a goodly goodlythrong throng goodlythrong v . was as on hand to see the start startof startof startof of the 55 mile ml1e race from Chicago to toEvanston toEvanston toBvanston Evanston and back back . . . The roads were wereslush wereslushy wereslushy slush slushy " from an early snowfallCrowds snowfall snowfallCrowds snowfallCrowds Crowds pressed about the high highwheeled highwheeled highwheeled wheeled wheeled , , buggy type vehicles m monder mwonder iswonder \\onder onder wonder permHthe permitthe \ only drawing drawmg back to permit the drivers to start olIWIth offWith off olI offWith makingthe With Kohlsaat bent upon making the race a constructive event rath rather rather rather er than a circus strict stnct rules were wenlaid werelaid werelard laid lard down for fudging Judgmg judging the winner winnerWIth winnerwith winnerwith WIth a total of $5 5 $ 000 m in cash pnzes prizesAwards pnzesAwards Awards were to be made on gen general general general eral utility or performance of the thi machines machmes economy of operabon operation operabonand operationand operationand and appearance or designThree designThree design designThree Three of the contestants droppei dropped droppeiout droppedout droppedout : out early in m the race one gas drlv drrv drlven drrven dnven en job lob tailing faIJrng failing to obtain obtam sufficient sufficienttractIon sufficienttraction sufficienttraction tractIon m ID the slippery sllppery going gomg and andtv.o andtwo andtwo tv.o tvo two . electric powered veh cles eles retIr retIring retirlog retiring ing log because of battery limitationsOnly limitationsOnly rnmtahons limitations rnmtahonsOnly Only Th TBO Tao 0 FuushedThat FrmshedThat Finished Fuushed Frmshed FinishedThat That left three gas powered ma machmes machines machines chmes chines m in the running runmng with one the theRogers theRogers theRogers Rogers entered by the Macys of ofNew ofNew ofNew New York falling fal1mg out after first col collIdmg colhding collidmg lIdmg hding with a street car and dam damagmg damaging damaging agmg aging the gearing gearmg and then runmng running runmnginto runninginto runninginto into a hack and bending bendmg the steer steerIDg steering steering IDg ing apparatus apparatusWith With four vehicles velucles elmmated eliminated elmmatedonly eliminatedonly eliminatedonly ! only the two-cylinder two cylinder two-cyJrnder cyJrnder - - Duryea Dur ) ea Mo Motor Motor Motor tor Wagon piloted by Frank Duryea Duryeaand Duryeaand Duryeaand and the single C cylinder ) Imder l1I\ported l1I ported imported l1IportedBenz importedBenz \ importedBenz Benz dqven driven drven } by Oscar Mueller and andCharles andCharles andCharles Charles King Kmg remained remamed to fight It Itout itout itout out Traveling TraveJrng the distance m rn a Ilt lit Ilttle littie littie tle tie 0 o\er o er over \ ' er 10 hours Duryea crossed crossedthe crossedthe crossedthe the line lne ! first with King Kmg who re- re relIeved relieved re relieved - - lieved Mueller after he collapsed collapsedunder collapsedunder collapsedunder under the tension following fol1owing close be behind behind behind behindThough hind hindThough Though the winning wlDIllDg car is not noton noton noton on exhibition at the museum a sur surrey surrey surrey rey tpe type t > ) pe Stevens Duryea model of ofthe ofthe ofthe the 1900s is to be seen with itsbrass Its Itsbrass itsbrass brass kerosene lamps folding foldmg top topand topand topand and leather mudguards A tour four seat seat- seater seat-er seat er . - er the driver dnver was situated in m the theback theback theback back with .uth uth . the engine engme beneath himFirst hIm hImFirst himFirst First to win v.m vm wm . an American automo apparatus after a previous test had hadmIscarrIed hadmiscarried hadmiscarried mIscarrIed when the cir C'U CU c'tr ctr ' ' caught fireCommg fireComing fire fireComing Coming Commg m ID in the same decade was wasthe wasthe wasthe the closed car WhIChalso which also represent represented ed a marked advance in the motor motormdustry motorindustry motorindustry mdustry industry since it permitted year yearround yearround yearround round use of vehicles On exlubi exhibi exlubitIon exhibition exhibition tIon at the museum is a 1918 custorn cus custom custom tom built Pierce with an open dr/v dr v driv drver driver dnver / er s scat and a closed rear fash fashIoned fashland fashloncd Ioned land after the elaborate horse car carrlages carriages carnages rlages riages of old . with v.Ith vIth oval windows wmdows and andfabrIc andfabric andfabric fabrIc upholstery of pearl gray Also Alsoshown Alsoshown Alsoshown shown is a gray 1916 Overland Overlandcoupe Overlandcoupe Overlandcoupe coupe with the low slung body and andhigh andhigh andhigh high bo boxlike box ' ! : like hke c'lbIn cabIn cib c'lb clb cab cibIn ' In 1924 automobile engmeermg engineering engmeermgmade engineeringmade engineeringmade made another s gmflcant gruficant gmficant advance ad"ance adance " in inthe ! inthe n nthe the installation mstal1atlon of tour four wheel brakes brakeson brakeson on Buicks adding addmg to the safety fea tea feafures teatures teatures fures tures of motor vehicles velueles and increas increasmg increasIng increasing mg Ing their appeal to the public publlc The Thesame Thesame Thesame same year C F Kettermg Kettering made madeanother madeanother madeanother another notable contribution contrlbuhon to the themdustry theindustry theindustry mdustry industry developing developmg ethyl gasolll1e gasoline gasolll1ewhtch gasolinewhich gasolinewhich whtch which increased lDcreased compression in m au automoblle automobile automobile tomoblle tomobile engines engmes and resultedin resulted m in mgreater ingreater ingreater greater pow power r and efficiency and andh andh andh h gher mileageTov mileageToward mileage mileageToward Tov Toward . ard the close of ot the 190s 19Os 199Os ? ' ' the theold theold theold old custom built automobile WhICh WhIChhad whichhad whichhad had dominated dommated the industry mdustry smce since smcepoductlon sincepoduction sincepoduction poductlon poduction got under way in the the1900s the1900s 1900s 19005 was replaced by the standard standardized standardized standardized ized car As a result of the perfec perfectlon perfectron perfection tlon tron of o1 mass production more auto automobl1es automobiles automobiles mobl1es mobiles were turned out at lowerprices lower lowerprices lowerprices prices putting puttmg motor cars wnthm WIthm within ' " " > TV 'w w ' " , qH qHJ " . ' " ' , , t r l n I Ik Ir r k ' . . . . . . , .5 5 . . _ 4 4r " > ft W Wfcif r rA -fci-f fci f - - y WUfi " . / - O I 't t ' . < > & | A hc J ' i . , ' < A { a aThis - - . : ; : -J J : - : " j , . . . _ , : u : This Is one of the handsomest of the new cars the Packard Chpper Clipper Chpperfor Clipperfor Clipperor for ( 1916 The dashing- dashing dashingappearance - appearance hat has been achle achieied achieved , ed by redesigning redeslgmng the therad.ator theradiator rad.ator radator radiator . grille grll1e and b h by > ) more massive sideguard sldeguard bumpers Colorful new newinteriors newinteriors interiors and clean lined hned modern styling also enhance its beauty heauty Therehave There Therehave have been many mechanical mcehamcal Improvements too bile race Duryea Dur > ) ea also had the IDS des destinction distmction tInction of being bemg the first to sella sellgas sellgas sell a agas gas powered motor car m in the U S Sm Sin Sin m in 1886 1896 1886Next 1896Next Next to the Duryea Stevens theMobile the theMobile theMobile , Mobile phaeton of ot 1900 mtrigues Intrigues Intriguesmoderns intriguesmoderns moderns used to the sleek stream streamliners streamliners streamliners liners of today A surrey like fourseater four fourseater fourseater seater with steering steermg handle in m the therear therear therear rear this tlus vehicle |
