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Show , With 111155 155 Years of Outstanding Service ServiceIn ServiceIn In Wars and Peace Coast Guard Has Been BeenBig BeenBig BeenBig Big Factor in Present Successful Operations I . I IThe The United Umted States coast guard on onAugust onAugust onAugust August 4 celebrates the 155th 155lh anni anniversary anniversary anniversary versary of its founding proud of be beling being ling log the nation s first ftrst fleet fieet and andI andproud andproud andproud proud of its "firsts firsts 1Jrsts ' " and its dIstm distin dIstmgUlshed distinginshed distinguished gUlshed ginshed service on all fronts of ofWorld ofWorld ofWorld I World War II Most of the 172000 172000men 172 172000men 000 000men men " , who ho wear the coast guard guardshield guardshield guardshield shield on their uniform umform sleeves wIll wIllcelebrate willcelebrate willcelebrate celebrate the service s birthday birthdayoverseas birthdayoverseas birthdayoverseas overseas tor for the coast guard cre created created ereated ated primarily pnmanly to prevent smug smugglers smugglers smugglers glers from reaching the coast coastrange coastranges coastranges range ranges ' far from home m in tune time of ofv ofwar ofwar v . war ar to fight alongside the army armynavy armynavy armynavy navy and marine corpsThe corpsThe corps corpsThe The coast guard s story really be begms begms begins gms in 1787 when Alexander Hamil Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton ton first secretary of the treasury treasuryv.hlle treasurywhile treasurywhile v.hlle vhlle while . urging urgmg adoption of the then thenpendmg thenpendmg thenpending pendmg constitution wrote of the theneed theneed theneed need for a sea going gomg service whIch whichvould which/vould which vould / } vould ould prevent material mater13l mfractIons infractions mfractIonsupon infractionsupon infractionsupon upon the rights of the revenue A Afew Afew Afew few armed vessels vesscls he wrote JudI ludl ludlciously JudIclOusly judiciously clOusly ciously stationed at the entrance to toour toour toour our ports might rrught at small expense expensebe expensebe expensebe be made useful sentinels sentmels of the thelaws thelaws thelaws thelawsWith laws lawsWith With the const tution tutlon tutton adopted the theftrst thefirst thefirst ftrst first congress elected under it mthe m mthe mthe the spring sprmg of 1790 approved Hamll Hamil Hamllton Hamilton Hamilton ton s idea for a marine manne law en enforcement enforcemeat enforcement forcement forcemeat agency and on August 4 41790 1790 the service scrvlce s birthday appro approprlated appropriated appropnated prlated priated money to build 10 cutters cuttersand cuttersand cuttersand and pay salaries to their officers and andmen andmen andmen andmenFor men menFor For six years the small cutters cutterswere cutterswere cutterswere were the only armed vessels under underthe underthe underthe the United Umted States flag ( The navy navywas navywas navywas was created in 179 1794 ; by act of con congress congress congress gress but its ships were not in serv service servIce service ice until unW 1797 ) Given Naval Rank RankThe RankThe BankThe The possible defense value of the thecutters thecutters thecutters cutters was recognized recogDlzed early In Insuggesting Insuggesting ' suggestmg suggesting establishment of the theservice theservice theservice service Hamilton Hamllton asked that om of omcers ofcers offlcers cers of the cutters be given mllitary military militaryor mllitaryor or naval rank rank , , which wwch he saidwIll saidwill said saidwill will not only induce mduce fit men to en engage engage engage gage but attach them to their duties dutiesWIth dutieswith dutieswith WIth a nicer mcer sense of honor In In1797 1797 congress passed a temporary temporaryact temporaryact temporaryact act to increase mcrease the strength of the thecutters thecutters thecutters cutters and cause said revenue revenuecutters revenuecutters revenuecutters cutters to be employed to defend defendthe defendthe defendthe the sea coast and repel any hos hoshhty hostihty hostility hhty tihty to their vessels and commerce commercewIthm commercewithin commercewithin wIthm within their jurisdiction Jurlsdlcbon having havmg due dueregard dueregard dueregard regard to the duties dubes of said cutters cuttersIn cuttersin cuttersIn In the production producbon of the revenueIn revenueIn revenue revenueIn In 1798 during durmg the unde unde- undeclared undeclared undeclared - - clared naval war with France Francethe Francethe Francethe the President with a view of ofproducmg ofproducing ofproducing producmg producing a concert .oncer oncer . ! of action acbon of ofthe ofthe ofthe the naval forces of the tile Umted United UmtedStates UnitedStates UnitedStates States placed 'placcd placcd ' the revenue vessels ves yes vessels yessecs sels secs at the disposition of the thesecretary thesecretary thesecretary secretary of the navy In tbe the tbenet thenext thenei.t theneit net next , . year congress passed an anact anact anact act providing provIdmg that the cutters cutterswere cutterswere cutterswere were to co operate with the navy navywhenever navywhenever navywhenever whenever the President should shouldso shouldso so duect-a duect a direct-a direct direct - - a precedent preccdent since fol followed followed followed lowed in m every evcry war warThe warThe warThe The cutter Taney went through throughPearl throughPearl throughPearl Pearl Harbor unscathed and the thenext thenext thenext next day da ) left the str cken eken Pac1flc Pacific Pac1flcbase Pacificbase Pacificbase base on antisubmarine antIsubmarme patrol The The165 165 foot Icarus received credit for forsmkmg forsinking forsinking smkmg sinking the first German submarme submarine submarinein submarmem m in Un ted States waters when she sheblasted sheblasted sheblasted blasted a U boat and took 33 priS priSoners prisoners pnsoners oners oIT of off ' ! the Carolina Carolma coast ( A Acoastguardmanned Acoastguardmanned Acoastguardmanned coastguardmanned destroyer escort escortwith escortwith escortwith with several navy sh ps was in m atthe at atthe atthe the k II 11 on the last U boat sunk m mthe mthe inthe the Atlantic by American forces ) ' Many 1'tIany 1tIany Ships Lost LostA LostA LostA A trag trap c first of the coast guard guardwas guardwas guardwas was the loss of the cutter Ham Hamil Hamilton Hamilton ton torpedoed oft of ! Iceland in m Janu January January January ary 1942 the first American war warsmp warship warship smp ship lost to a submarine after the thestart thestart thestart start of the war and unfortunately unfortunatelythe the first of a line lme of coastguard " . < , " ' R9 R9t /t t / ta . ( " . a v vya'wyr " 4 ' , ? . ya'wyr yawyr ' ? r "y y "yx " . x " " a ae e d I s e 4 i _ a aY aa Y a > as t " a " "r r "rga " ga w4 , " x xu xy1 u y1 ! h [ ws . a Ay " r "rt rt "rtn " n , A seaman Is ill iii reqwrmg requiring immedIate medIcal attentIon Coast guard guardvessel guardvessel vessel transfers doctor on a boatswam boatswain s chaIr to the merchant ShIP ShIPAn shipAn An cxample example of the work done by the coast guard in their 155 years of ofservice ofservice service manned ships lost as the war pro progressedthe progressedthe progrossed proI I gressed-the gressed the - the Acaccia Acaccla the Muske MuskeI Muskeget Muskeget Muskeget I get the Natsek the Escanaba the theLeopold theLeopold ! Leopold and the SerpensTo Serpens SerpensTo ' To many in peacetime the thecoast thecoast thecoast coast guard was known as theMercy theMercy the theMercy Mercy Fleet and there is a along along along long tradition behind its reputa reputatlon reputation reputatlon tlon tion for the saving savmg of life bIe and andproperty andproperty andproperty property at sea Back in 1833 1833some 1833some 1833some some of the cutters were as as- asSIgned assigned assigned - - signed to ( o aid distressed vesselst vesselsI vessels vesscls t I . MW < i . r A Ax Ab Aa atdyyS dyyS dyySr Jn yt yts s at x b Y a + lz ' " 0 0Adm Adm Russell R \ ttacsche ltaesche aesche com corn commaudant cornmandant cornmandant maudant mandant of the U S coast guard guardwIth guardwith guardwith wIth his third thud half inch mch stnpehlch stripe stnpe \hlch hlch which whichdesignates \ whichdesignates , hlchdesIgnates desIgnates him 111m as a full admiraland admiral admual admiraland and save lives hves a duty they had hadperformed hadperformed hadperformed performed incidentally mCldentally from frombme fromtime fromtime bme time to bmeThe timeThe time bme timeThe The comb nat on strengthened the theserVice theservice theservice serVice s devotion to the saving savmg of ofWe oflife oflife We life and property-a property a property - a devotion amply amplydemonstrated amplydemonstrated amplydemonstrated demonstrated during durmg this warIn warIn war warIn In the Normandy invasion mvaSlOn a fleetof fleet fleetof fleetof of 83 foot coast guard vessels ( con consIde considered considered sIde sidered red small craftnow craft now but more morethan morethan morethan than t vice the length suggested suggesled by ny byHamllton nyHamilton byHamilton Hamllton Hamilton m in his recommendation recommendabon for forthe forthe torthe the first cutters I ' ' ) which had been on onanbsubmarme onantisubmarine onantisubmarine anbsubmarme antisubmarine duty in m the lhe Atlantic Atlanticwas Atlanticwas Atlanticwas was designated as Rescue Flotha Flot lla Ila 1 1and 1and 1and and in m the first days of the mvas invas on onpulled onpulled onpulled pulled more than 4 000 men to safety safetyfrom safetyfrom safetyfrom from channel waters The coast " ; " ' -n n - n"v . -"v-- "v v - "v"j " , . - - " > ' - "j j " " . . ' - - - ' " _ . - - - - . . . - r7 r7n : [ y A AH AA H to/ to to1 / _ 1 A 1 1r 1t 1seara _ _ r ' - f t \ A AJ J 1 . 45 1f 1fr \r r ' \ 5A\lt 5A lt f ' : - : : ! { 7 ' Y : , s/eara s eara / , < " , \ ; * . y ys ygY . , # t " ' 1\ 1 1i \ i 1 M " t\ t tfJ ! : \ . \fJ fJ \ fJr \r r \ ti $ t- t tN , . - N # f : { f . : ' / - " ' . / . : ; t4tt } { : . , .r r . : - ( , . , t1 . t1t { -t t - H , . . , I IU U J . , \ , ' \ : iw t : ; I . l ' ti : r- r - rr s gY gYiw r iL : S : 4 4a ro ; r : 'Wm6w/ 'Wm6w Wm6w 'Wm6w5 'Wm6w4o ' / ; 2 ] : y . 5 sra4V.j sra4Vj sra4V.jt 4o y ; i - * . + FRxx } . ' t :1 1 : t 6 4r r " y , a f t " - : : :1 1 : :1W W 'p p : ; ' { { l , 11 - < ( K , I ! , isxrp isxrpK isxrpw " x , 4 < l ' " - M . 4 ; ' - . _ : - ' - " - - " ' ff"V- ff"V ffV ff"Vf " a " " + , . f ' ' " n- n n:1 of _ " ' ( 1 " .J J . > " "f f . w 1\- 1 1j 1j { < " ' j " \ , - , j -r r - 1r . R ) , . J PA/ PA PAr / . r : r . - . ? r- r - " ) . " tt-1 tt 1 . # - " t : t--v t v . - - ? , " . " . : ; w . . a M e en " - . ( n ! , " , . w o . a , ; : ar 1f 1f4 ! -4 4 - 1t < r " > iN iNa > 't t " ' . ! : M a aaeerLt , / " air _ aeerLt _ " ' :0 0 : :0N ' . _ , _ . - _ .n n . .nx .nCoastguardmanncd . - 0 . a * F : . , x . , -N N . - < ar . : ' > r l1 : I Coa Coastguardmanncd tguardmanned LSTs are among the first to drop their ramps at atManila ; 1't1a 1t1a Manila ' wi a . Mter deter Amencan American forces had driven the Japs from the Pluhppme Philippine PluhppmecapItal Philippinecapital capItal 7 " guardnaanned guardmanned assault transportEay transportEayfield transport Bay Bayfield Bayfield I Iguardmanned field flagship for Utah beach beachcared beachcared beachcared cared for more than 600 casualties casualtiesdurmg casualtiesduring casualtiesduring durmg during the three weeks It was an anchored anchored anchored chored off oft the beachheadAlso beachheadAlso beachhead beachheadAlso Also Serve in Air AirOutstandmg AirOutstanding AirOutstanding Outstandmg Outstanding also has been the thecoast thecoast thecoast coast guard s initiative m the expen expert expenments expertments expenments ments with airplane parachute and andhelicopter andhelicopter andhelicopter helicopter rescue groups Adm Rus Bus Russell Bussell Russell sell R Waesche first full admiral to tohead tohead tohead head the coast guard also sits WIth WIththe withthe withthe the Joint Jomt Air Sea Rescue commit committee committee committee tee set up by all of the armed serv services services services ices to investigate mvestJgate and experimentwith exper1111ent experiment exper1111entWith experimentwith With rescue techniquesFrom techniquesFrom techniques techniquesFrom From the tile life liCe saving stations stationsthe stationsthe stationsthe the coast guard acquired person personnel personnel personnel nel well versed In the knack of ofhandhng ofhandling ofhandling handhng handling small boats in battImg battling battImgsurf battlingsurf battlingsurf surf wind and tide The 1he : natIon natIonhas nationhas nationhas has drawn heavily hcavlly on these men mento mento mento to participate in m every InvasIOn invasionof of the war and to tram train others In Inampwblous inamphibious Inamphibious ampwblous amphibious landmgs landings landmgsMany landingsMany landingsMany Many surfmen surfinen were among the thepersonnel thepersonnel thepersonnel personnel of the boat pool set up upunder upunder upunder under Coast Guard Comdr DWight DwightH H Dexter at Guadalcanal and Tul Tulagl Tulagi Tulagi agl agi in August 1942 the Allies first firstsuccessful firstsuccessful firstsuccessful successful amph blous bious operationAboard operationAboard operation operationAboard Aboard the coastguardmanned coastguardmannedassault coastguardmannedassault coastguardmannedassault assault transport Samuel Chase Chaseformerly Chaseformerly Chaseformerly formerly the passenger shipAfrican shIp shIpAfncan shipAfrican Afncan African Meteor the technIque techniqueof of loading loadmg small landing landmg barges bargesat bargesat at the rail rall was as first used in 1D the theInvasIon theinvasion theinvasion InvasIon of Sicily on July 10 101943 1943 The Tbe technique ttclm1que tcchnique was decIded decIdedupon decidedupon decidedupon upon after the vessel s earlier earliere'penence earlierexperience earlierexperience e'penence epenence experience ' in the African Afncan mv inva mva invasion sion slon in m November 194 104 19'P 19P ' ? ' ' and andspeeded andspeeded andspeeded speeded up such operations by bymany bymany bymany many precious mmutes minutes mmutesThe minutesThe minutesThe The coast guard also has been beencalled beencalled beencalled called A sea going gomg handyman and andm andin andin m in war or peace the service trVlce has be become become become come used to having havmg new duties and andfunctIons andfunctions andfunctions functIons added to its work After Afterthe Afterthe Afterthe the Titanic Tltaruc Titamc disaster nations nahons of the theworld theworld theworld world formed the International Intemational Ice IcePatrol IcePatrol IcePatrol Patrol and the duty of patroIlmg patrolling patroIlmgwas patrollingwas patrollingwas was delegated to the coast guard |