Show Build Huge Plants and Power Dams to Supply I 2 Billion Pounds Aluminum for U S Def Defense nse art J u 1 i I- I ALUMINUM I for National ir n Flold Id T TI Tt t t I b I 1 2 Alcoa f 9 3 R Roynold St rM 4 4 Alum Alun m num Co of 01 Canada Conada J i r BL F Mum Alum num Plan Plants t 0 t IR 1 6 AR no d d M 7 Ryno d di Fol Fal 1941 I r T Ma l rc n s s a 8 10 11 Op by Alcoa ML V 9 o Op by L 12 Or Op by Bohn Co 13 Op by Un on Co b 14 Op byO p Coned an Plan Plants 15 Alum Alan num Co Ce of 01 Canado 5 to toU US USI 5 I EIsA e C Pow Gon o 0 ng Foe Fec I Ios os 01 I William Knudsen director general oj of estimates the U S Swill will need an annuaL production oj of 1 million pounds oj of aluminum for Jor national defense Map shows here II-here bulk will be produced Plants indicated by pouring ladle symbol Nos 1 to 5 are now producing at combined rate oj of million pounds by middle oj o f 1942 lull reach million Plant 6 produces 40 million pounds and Plant 7 nearing completion 60 million Proposed government plants mein produce rn in millions oj of pounds when completed 8 9 10 11 90 12 70 13 60 and 14 30 Part oj of Canada 15 production has been contracted for by United States I Special to Western Newspaper Union Umon W WASHINGTON A What DC-What D C What What has been happening through throughout throughout throughout out the United States during the last few weeks would have constituted a phenomenon anywhere but in m a democracy From Sa Sauk uk Center to gay Broadway a fellow could take hIS girl to the dance in m town with no more capItal than a couple of battered pots and pans In Oklahoma CIty solId citizens drove downtown to hurl their skittles and dou double double double ble boilers at a target painted on the posterior of an effigy HItler then let them he lIe there for Uncle Sam to pick up In HarrIson N Y a dog bit a girl scout soliciting old aluminum from house to house he was a German police dog of course Gypsy Rose Lee e exhibiting rare form sic contributed a apan apan apan pan dance And more than 1 Americans did their bIt bitin m in the drive to collect scrap aluminum for national defense In a few short months the threat of HItlerIsm had brought the light silvery metal off the kitchen ranges of the nation nabon and dumped it all over the front page For just lust as World War I has been described as a war of steel World War II was rapIdly developing into a war of aluminum World War I was a stat c and surface sur face face affa r fought from fixed posy positions bons World War II is character characterIzed characterized characterized by I I 1 ke movements of h mechanized fighting forces A and tanks rule the land while airplanes ar and ard d swift modern battle fleets fight the Battle of the Atlantic E c to 90 per cent of today s sm m military airplane is aluminum for alloys s of the metal as strong as structural steel are only one th rd as heavy Modern tanks use the aluminum for gun platforms sate nor fitt and wherever else It Itcan itcan itcan can be employed efficiently to save we and gain gam lity Today s p uses more than thana a m Illon several pounds pounds several tunes times as much as the whole city of r ew I ork ew i ork rounded up m in the pot and pan drive restricted Use This ns why you can no longer obtain aluminum for tor egg poachers for tor refrigerator trays for stream ned trams trains hair curlers brIdge girders gilders or chewing gum wrappers Gone to defend its coup coun country country try alum num is needed in m t es the like of which peacetime AmerIca never imagined much less consumed The United States annual mIll tary of alum aluminum mum when hen the defense program gets into full production have been estimated estimated ed at from 1 pounds to 2 pounds i a year and up Suppose we take 1 pounds the the est mate of William Knudsen i d rector general of as as a fall fair average That is twice as much aluminum as the entire world pro produced produced produced only five years ago It ms IS roughly equal to the entire world product on of 1940 notwithstanding the g gant c war machines that were bu built t In terms more famil at ar arto atto arto to all of us it is more than tWIce as much aluminum as this country has bas consumed in m all its history for cooking Is and electric re combined What is being done to meet th s challenge A great some deal deal some of It by private enterprise some of It by the government some by the two working together The Alum num Company of Arner Amer lea lea- Alcoa sine sini-e sini it was the only producer of virgin new aluminum m in the United States until this year was first to get under way w th do de defense tense expansion What it has done is summed up in m the recent report of the house mil tary tart affa rs com cam on defense progress Alum Aluminum mum Price Decline In 1938 this company finished the year ear with an inventory of a stock of alum aluminum mum equal to the normal re requirements requirements for a year As of the date of Apr April 3 1939 congress had hada a authorized the navy to build 3 planes and the army 6 Such a program red no expansion of product on tacil facil t es inasmuch as a ayears years ear s supply of the metal was on hand Ho vever late m in 1938 thIS company inaugurated a program WIth additions since made to it call calling sag mg for tor the cap tal tat expend ture of over OO 00 Ins Instead tead of an increase in increase increase crease in m the price of aluminum as there has been m sa cally tally all c and crit cal materials sa In some instances as high as per percent percent percent cent there has been a decline in the prIce of approximately 14 per cent All the testimony given before thIS commIttee was to the effect that the Aluminum Company of America had gIven per cent co operation had hadnot hadnot hadnot not only used its own money for ex expanSIOn expansion but of its own O initiative took steps to treble its productIOn Alcoa by July 1942 w 11 U be sag mg pounds annually Seven New Plants Aided by loans totaling some 35 the Reynolds Metals company long a fabricator of alu this year entered the busy bUSI bUSIness busyness business ness of making the metal At Lis Listerhill Ala one of its two plants IS already m in operation and at Long LongVIew Longview Longview VIew Wash another is nearing on Together they will make pounds a year is ms reported to have recommended recommended recommended mended to the war department the construct on of seven new govern government government government ment plants According to the re reports reports reports ports these would be run by private three by Alcoa one by Bohn Aluminum and Brass corpora corporation one by Un on Carb de and Car Carbon Carbon Carbon bon and one by the Olin OUn corpora corporation i iron bon These plants would add pounds a year The Metals Reserve company a government has contracted with the Aluminum Company of Canada to n about pounds to be del vered during 1944 1944 1942 0 Secondary or recia med aluminum num for the metal can in some ways be used over and over again agam will add further tonnage The pots and pans collected in m the recent drive for instance cannot be used for making bombers but they mIght be and used to make army field kitchen or to quiet steel thus freeing other alum num for tor a The steel Industry which burns up one half pound to five or six pounds of alu in the making of each ton of steel may well consume pounds next year Aluminum paradoxically is ms the most plent plentiful ul of all the c elements known to man It is m in inthe the clay under our feet feet m in the rocks hIgh on a nearby hill in the water we s v m in and often in m the very food we ea eat t Aluminum is never found in the oat nat ve ye state as iron copper and gold are it is always locked t m in chemical comb nat on with other elements Napoleon III awake to the advantage of 1 alum aluminum mum cavalry would give h m mover mover mover over h s enemies offered a fortune to the French st who could find a cheap way of producing the metal wh ch then cost a pound But it was not until 1886 that an AmerIcan youth Charles Martin Hall unlocked the secret and paved the way for alum num at its present price of 17 cents Hall s process still the bas has s of the alum num industry makes use h 4 w 9 a av v ray rays s wN Y a i t i got Forging an aluminum propel propeller propeller propeller ler blank Defense aircraft will require many times the number oj of aluminum forgings the U S consumes in rn peacetime of an c furnace ThIS large rectangular pot is filled WIth te to the stone like ice found only in far tar off Greenland but manu manufactured manufactured manufactured synthetically in m large quan quant t ties here Powerful electric cur current current current rent is introduced into the passes through it heating it to a molten mass and leaves through the lining of the pot A white sub substance substance substance stance like powdered sugar called which luch is merely aluminum aluminum num chemically comb ned with oxy oxygen oxygen oxygen gen is dissolved In m the molten The electric current de decomposes decomposes decomposes composes the the oxygen passing off as gas and the then molten aluminum heavier than the te to s to the bottom of the pot The aluminum is then tapped into ladles and poured into ingot at intervals Before the Hall process can be employed many complicated opera operations operations operations must be performed to n the It may be recovered from a number of mater als but It ItIS itis itis IS obtained economically only from bauxite a mineral which looks mes 1 I ke clay and mesI mes I 1 ke rock and occurs in many corn com comb b nat ons ens ot of colors Roughly four pounds of high grade bauxite w II 11 make two t pounds pound of which will then make one pound of alu alum alum alum m num 12 k hours of diet elec are required to make a single pound of alum II um tint umI I |