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EGON'S EGONS ' WINDING WATERS WATERSt 2 e ey t k y l la a , - ' " - rs ' , a @ ai " xnc ' ; , g A Ar AMt I r " l\1t l 1t Mt \ Hood flood and a FISherman Fisbcrman s Paradise Paradtse ParadtseI " : - I- I - Inificent ificent nificent Rivers , TalI Tall Trees , .jvely jvely ively 1.jvely ; . 1\ 1 < \ Round-Ups Round Ups - and Indian Tribes Tribe s , t _ ' , by 7 National Gcoitraphic CcoKrAphic Geographic Soelety Society Societygton Societyn Soeletyc c : lrigton | gton < ton D CWNU C-WNU C WNU C -WNU WNU - WNU ServiceIfGON ServiceGON Service ServiceEGON'Land IfGON EGON'Land EGONLand GON , Land tLand t ' of Wind Windg Winda ; ? a g WatersII Waters IIwas II " was OrIg- OrIg OrIgany origt origally ong-iially ong iially - t any ally solidly covered covered'nber coveredTiber 'nber nber ' ber from the Cascade CascadeUns 4ms fins Cascade4ms Cascadefins < Uns to the Pacific ' firs which constItute constItutepan constituteIan constitutehan pan Ian two thirds of thescut the thecut J.cut Jcut scut : . cut are the giants of ofest ofest .est est . , est They are in m places places50 i50 ! 50 feet hIghtern hightern high high.Jtern ) .Jtern Jtern . tern Oregon robbed of ItS itsre itsfture re by the Cascade rangeTpieglected range rangeeglected rangeselected eglected selected by Nature Its Itseh Itsch Itsten eh ch the debris debns of old lava lavaJlanketed . . $ anketed with ashes from fromJlng from'ling fromlung Jlng ' : 'ling ling ' Cascade craters thatasty.ard that'feastward that 'feastward feastward ' ' eastward asty.ard astyard . on prevailinglnClent prevailingancient prevailing ; ' ) , .ancient ancient lnClent . timesn times , - ; m n projects have brought broughtv broughtI I ; v y and diversified diversmed crop cropnew ' d new born cities titles into mto thisgton thisgton this thisgion 'new new crop'new ' ; gion gton otherwise othery.lse otherylse otherk'se otherkse . ' limited hmlted toand toand to ; _ and the growth of hardyt hardyj.tern hardys hardytern hardy hardyitern t s -j.tern j.tern - . -itern itern - tern and western Oregon Oregont Oregon't Oregone 't t e ' Columb a gives the pulse pulse1nodern pulsemodern pulse"modem pulsemodem 1nodern modern " industry mdustry 1Iess [ ' .less less . less important than a nav nay navolumbla nayolurnb'a navolumbia olumbla olurnb'a olurnba ' to eastern Oregon Oregoniw Oregonow Oregonww ow fed tributaries that flo do v vsouth vsouth vf iw south through extensIve extensIvettIe extensivethe extensivetittle ( ttIe the ram rain The bOisterous bOisterousllt boisterousutiful boisterousitirul llt utiful ( uI Deschutes receiv recelv Dg ng Dglage ngnage ngnage-ot ngnage ot lage theslopes } nage- nage nageof , . - - of snow peaks on the theJlopes theslopes Jlopes slopes of the Cascades the theed thejed ; ed John Day draining drammg an anarea - . area of low mounta mounts ns ns1pty nsipty nsipty 1pty -ipty ipty - into the great flver river riverlilo riverliloof 1110o1 1110 of o1 the farms along the Co Core Core re e encircled by tall poplars poplarsis poplarsas as wmdbreaks windbreaks and protec protecmst protecinst protecmst mst inst dr drifting tmg sand At UmaColumbia Uma UmaColumbia Columbia River highwaywith highway highwayVlth highwayvith Vlth } } vith the Old Oregon Ofegon tra Ira 1 1JS 1s 1gs JS , s south from the Columbia Columbiae e Umatilla river to Pendlet Pendledleton Poodle Pendle f Pendlef t dieton dleton s Big B.g Bg . Roundup Roundupton ton Roundupton ton is an adventure From From'lent Fromlent Fromlent 'lent lent ' of entering entermg thIsheat this \\heat heat wheat wheatits \ wheatus heatUII UII its during durmg Round Up time times s part of the b g show A Acowboys A1 l Al % . cowboys cow coy . boys cowgirls Indl Inds Indsstage IndijL stage drivers assembleear assembleear assemble assembleyear year ear from the Rio Grande GrandeI Grandes GrandeOf I s Ty to enact a drama mold inold in m | old sports and the passmg passing passmgfrontier passingfrontier passingm frontier West relive m in mrIll inill mAnil mAnilad illd rIll ill ad d Up is not a commer'but commer commerbut 'but but ' but a vast communItyowned communityowned community ' owned by the people of'lwho ot of otS ' 'lwho lwho ' , 1 , who contribute months monthsthout monthsthout monthshout thout compensation They Theyompous Theyompous Theyimpous ompous committees WIth WIthdges withdges withges S dges the whole town dons donsaod donsand donsind aod and continues eontmues to act withl1a withnaturalness with , l1a naturalness turalness .I/ .I * . . .In / in D n the Round Up grounds groundsrs groundsII groundss II s domg doing odd jobs aroundspin aroundspin around , ipin spin tales ot of o1 days when whenrode whenrode wheni rode ' in m 'n n ! the be arena In Inmble inmble Inmbie mble for dimes dunes with agame agame a ! lame game similar to Button Buttonho Buttonho Button'fihos Buttonfihos ' ho s a got the button button9arrive ? ' rrlve rrive with sacks ol of wheatance . wheat .heat heat wheatnce .heatance ance > nce money An old chief chiefby chiefby chiefI by one drink drmk too many manyor manyor manyor ( or his tepee among amoDg the theat th that thelit e at look aliketo alike alikel l to watch an old squaw horse squawhorse tor for her modern modernged modernged modernhged ged daughter while wlule sheIndlan sh shIndian she sheIndian e Indian Indlan girl gettmg getting allte all allte a ato 11 te to girl All AU she know ise i ie Is Ise 11s s e carIns car isI I Ins ns us and Paceants Pageants Paceantsparently Pageantspparently I parently ppareotly pparently > ind indifferent 'lerent lerent ' are areans ar arens artan e ans ens from ! the be UmatiUs Umatills UmatiUsNez UmatillsNez UmatiUsNez Nez Perce Cayuse aDd aDdIbes as asibes andnbes d Ibes in gorgeous beadedta beadeIs beaded beade d ta Is * Their costumes arclelrloom are areelrlooms ar areirlooms e elrlooms eirlooms * preserved and andown an anown ancown d own tofor tfor from generation to t ti do o < i lor for the Round Up wh whil whtl whili whtls e eII < i II s themselves grow mto mtoa1 ml mlal mtlal o ( a1 al moldthe mold moldthe the wild wlld wide-open wide open wlde-open wlde - - em e emlime m Img ling emImg eling town ot of Happy Cana Ca Caa Can n a pageant dep ctmg etmg cting the thee thiie th the e e red man and the com come co cornie m mwh e classiche classihe wh tes tea in m a class classi classic ! c ' he Westward Ho parade parad paradeay paraday parad.ay paraday e . ! ay morning is the grand gram gran grams gransombreros d ; s hungther bunther sombreros may be hung bun hunither g ; ther PendleIrlt PendlEDt year but ' in 'n n Pendle Pendl Pendleilrit e Irlt EDt of the Old West has haled hi hied s . , ed edaga aea aga n a Into thrilhn thrilhnit thr thrt lmg illirig ! it t ot of o1 Pendleton the Old O Or 01 Id 1 r ' } Oregon trail trall runs through the Uma Umat1lla Umatilla Umatilla t1lla tilla Indian reservation The tribe trIbes trIbesrepresented triberepresented s : represented by the Umatillas are areplams ar arplains anplams e se plams plains Indians born with a heritage heritag heritageof heritagof hentagiof e of the chase in which farming farmmg has hasno hasno ha : no background Many lease their theirlands theirlands tnei : lands to white wlute farmers retammg retaining retammgonly retainingonly retainm ; only enough space for their houses housesTlus housesThis housesThis Tlus This frees them for restless summe summer summerande"mg summerwande'mg r ; \ v.ande-mg v.andemg v.ande vande mg \\ande"mg ande"mg andemg wande'mg wandemg . " ' ' - during durmg wh ch eh they pIck piclhuckleberries pIckhuckleberries pickhuckleberrtes huckleberries huckleberrtes d g roots pack ap appIes appies appies pIes or fish along the Columb aThe aThe a aThe The strange myst c legends of In Ind Ind Ind d an Oregon are passing passmg with the be ! old older older older er Ind ans for they have little httle s g gmficance gnificance gnificance mficance nificance to the educated younger youngergeneration youngergeneration youngergeneration youngergenerationLava : r generation generationLava Lava Soil Is FertIleJust FertileJust Fertile FertileJust highwasloses highwayloses Just before the ascending ascendmg highway loses itself m in the Blue Mountam Mountampmes Mounta Mountapines Mountaupines in pmes pines on Emigrant hill every trav tray trayeler traveler eler stops to view the vast check checkerboard checkerboard checkerboard extending200 erboard of wheat farms eAtendmg extendin g 200 In miles es to the Cascade moun mountainsThe mountains mountainsThe tams tamsThe The yellow squares are wheat wheatstubble wheatstubble wheatstubble stubble the black ones summer fal fat fallow fatlow fallow low Smceheat Since Smce wheat \\heat heat ' \ is grown growneastern m in meastern ineastern eastern Oregon with less than 15 15mches 1 1inches 15inches 5 mches inches of rain ram sufficient wmter winter wmtermOisture wintermoisture wintermoisture r 5r mOisture must be stored m ill in the soll sollby so soilby ' 1 by planting plantmg it to gram grain one year and andfallow1Og an anfallowing andtallowing d fallow1Og fallowing it 't t ' to idleness the next nextThe nextThe nextThe The deep d smtegrated sintegrated lava sOil sOilcarpeted soilcarpeted soilcarpeted carpeted by immense unmense showers of ofvolcamc o ovolcanic otvolcanic f volcamc volcanic ashes has shown amazmg amazing amazmgprOductivIty amazingproductivity amazingproductivity prOductivIty under irngat IrrIgat on Even Evenm Eve Evein Evenin n m in the apparently l lifeless leless eless desert desertplants , , plants burst into perfect l life e at the thetouch th thtouch thetouch e touch of waterThe waterThe water waterThe The Malheur and Owyhee riverstributaries flvers rivers flverstnbutanes riverstributaries tnbutanes tributaries of the Snake river whichin whIchm whIch whic whicin h m in turn flows into mto the Cclumb Clumb Columb ( ) a are arefurmsl ar arfurn'sl arefurnisl furmsl furn'sl furnsl ' ng Dg the water for the Vale and andOwyhee an anOwyhee andOwyhee d Owyhee proJectshlch projects ' \ which \\hlch hlch will wlIl put pu put150 t 150 000 acres of land under UrI 'rri rri UrIgat 'rrigat ' irngat gat on m 10 in the r bas ns Already wa water water water ter has converted parts of these thesesage thesesage thesesage sage lands into mto productive farmingd farmmgd farmmg farming d stncts stricts in m whlclJ thief which Vale Nyssa and andOntarIo andOntario andOntario OntarIo are vigorous communit commumt esThe esThe es esThe The brave tracks of the Old Ore Oregon Oregon Oregon gon tra 1 I lobi obi obl terated almost en entlrely entirely entirely tlrely tirely on the sage plains plams can still be beseen beseen beseen seen crossing cross1Og the Blue mountams mountains mountamsamong mountainsamong mountainsamong among resinous resmous pines Descend Descendmg Descending Descending mg ing into the Grande Ronde valley valleyyou valleyyou valleyyou you pass through La Grande and andthen andthen andthen then steer through the alfalfa hay hayand hayand hayand and gram grain ranches of o1 the Wallowa Wallowavalley Wallowavalley Wallowavalley WallowavalleyPeople valley valleyPeople People of the CowCountryThese CowCountryThese Cow-Country Cow Country CowCountryThese - - - These are cow country couDtry folk a httle little httlereticent littlereticent littlereticent reticent toward strangers but hos has hospltable haspitable hos"pitable hospitable " pltable pitable and friendly when once acquamted ac acquamted acquamted quamted They barter produce produceamong produceamong produceamong among themselves stocking their theircellars theircellars thei ; cellars for the winter wmter A gas station stationoperator stationoperator statioroperator operator at Lost ne remarked that thatI thait thatit I it t is 's s ' a novelty not to be offered a asack asack ssack i ai sack of potatoes for gas and 011At oilAt oil 011 oilAt At Enterprise Enterpnse and Joseph the thegram thegranite th thgranite < gram granite Ie walls ol of the Wallowa moun mountams mountarns mountains tams tarns rise abruptly from the valley valle ; valleyfloor " floor This change of altitude alhtude is 18 es essentlal essent'al es"sential essential sentlal sent'al sental ' for a livestock hvestock country as It itgives igives , gives pasturage for stock through throughout throughout throughout out the year In the winter the stock stockmark stockmark stocimark mark time on maintenance mamtenance ration rations rationsm rationsin : in m sheltered canyons during durmg June Junethe Junethe Junithe the cattle graze up the lower slopes slopeswhIle slopeswh'Io slopeswhile whIle wh'Io whIo ' the sheep are driven higher Irthe in inthe inthe the alpine alpme pastures as summer ad advances advances advances advancesIn vances vancesIn In the late afternoon the sun s sslant10g islanting sslanting slant10g slanting rays glint gImt on the stone shaft shaftmarkmg shaftmarking shafmarking markmg marking the grave of Old Chief ChiefJoseph ChiefJoseph ChieJoseph Joseph buried buned with his tribal an aneestors ancestors ancestors WmduijWaters WmdmgWaters WindingWaters eestors cestors in m the Land of Wmdmg Winding Waters overlooking Wallowa lake hike lakeOn l ke keOD Josephhad On OD his deathbed Old Chief Joseph had called eaUed his two sons to him and andrequested andrequested andrequested requested them to hold forever the thebeautJ1ul thebeautiful thebeautiful beautJ1ul beautiful peopleBut Wallowa tor for his people But settlers came To avoid con confuct condiet conflict fuct diet , , , the government decided to tomove tcmove move the Nez Perces to a reserva reservatlon reservation tlon tion in 1D Idaho Misunderstandinc Mlsunderstandmg Misunderstanding followed fol followed followed lowed resulting in conflict confuct . . , After Afterdefeating Attcidetcatae defeating theUmted theUnited two companies comparoes of the th thUnited < United Umted States army Young CWef Chief CWefJoseph ChiefJoseph ChidJoseph Joseph began one of o1 the most spec historyHand hlStoryHand tacular spectacular military retreats in m hlStory history Hand capped by women chIldren chIldrenlivestock childrenlivestock livestock heled hen and all possessions he hled ( led b h s people through the worst worstmountarn worstmountain worsimountain mountarn mountain statesfor wilderness wlldeTncss of three state states ; for fordmgtorrential ( or more than 1 000 miles tulles fordini fordmg fording : torrential itreams streams giving givmg battleeludmg battleeluding battle eluding eludmg outgl'DeraImgthe outwitting outgoneralmi outgl'DeraImg outglDeraImg outgrneraling ' ' the three armies In pursuit . . Within Wlthm 50 miles of the Canadlai Canadian boundary and freedom in m Montana MontanaCluef Montanaduet Cluef Chief Joseph was prevailed upon by bypromises promises to surrender surreDder But his peo pee peopIe pie never returned to their Land Landot Landof Lamof 1 ot of Winding WIDdmg Waters and Young ; 1 Chief ChIc ! Joseph died an exile |