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Show - First first Settlers in Old Northwest NorthwestNamed NorthwestNamed NorthwestNamed Named Town for fOi " Queen of France FranceThis of Marietta Marieffa , Ohio , and the the200th the200th the200th 150th SOth Anniversaryof of the Foundingof Founding This Ths , Month Marks Both the I Anniversary Who WhoLed WhoLed WhoLed 200th Anniversaryof Anniversary of the Birthof Birth of Its Founder , Gen Rufus Putnam of " Massachusetts , ' ' ' Land Led Leda a Bandof Band of Hardy Pioneers Pioneers . to America's Americas First Promised 0 o p Western Newspaper Union By ELMO SCOTT WATSON WATS0 WATSONAN WATS0AN A AN N APRIL day 200 ; ) , ears ear earago ears-H- ears H earsHago se s 1 . AN - - ago In a little frame fram framehouse framhouse framehouse e house in m the town of Sutton SuttonColony SuttonColony SuttonColony Colony of Massachusetts a aboy aboy aboy boy is born His parents gIve gIverum givehim givehim rum him the name of Rufus- Rufus RufusRufus RufusRufus Rufus RufusRufus - Rufus PutnamAnother PutnamAnother Putnam PutnamAnother Another April day , 150 150years 150years 150years years ago It's Its ' a cloudy cloudyramy cloudyrainy cloudyrainy ramy rainy Sunday A flotilla con consIstmg consrsting consisting sIstmg srsting of a galley named the the"Mayflower the"Mayflower theMayflower the"Mayflower "Mayflower Mayflower " , ' ' a flatboat flatboatcalled flatboatcalled flatboatcalled called the Adelphia 'Adelplua Adelplua ' and andthree andthree andthree three canoes ] is s floating floatmg down downthe downthe downthe the Ohio Oluo river On board boardthese boardthese boardthese these vessels a partyof party of 48 48men 48men 48men men are straining strammg their eyes eyesto eyesto eyesto to catch the first glimpse of ofthe ofthe ofthe the mouth of the Muskmgum Muskingum MuskmgumrIver Muskingumriver Muskmgumriver MuskmgumriverBut rIver rIverBut But the banks of the rIver rIverare riverare riverare are lined lmed with a dense growth growthof of heavy foliaged sycamore sycamoretrees sycamoretrees sycamoretrees trees Besides it s becommg becoming becommgmcreasmgly becomingincreasingly becomingincreasingly mcreasmgly increasingly difficult to see seethrough seethrough seethrough through the misty twilight of ofevemng ofevening ofevening evemng evening So before they real realIze realize realize Ize it they have floated past pastthe pastthe pastthe the mouth of the river they theyaI theyaxe theyaie aI axe seeking seekmg and they do not notdiscover notdiscover notdiscover discover their mistake m1stake untIl untIlthey untilthey untilthey they see the palisades of Fort FortHarmar FortHarmar FortHarmar FortHarmarA Harmar HarmarA A hail hall from the sentry on its log logwalls logwalls logwalls walls as they drift dnft past and they theyqUickly theyquickly theyquickly qUickly steer their clumsy craft craftto crafttoward crafttow to\\ to toard toward \ ard the shore several hundred hundredfeet hundredfeet hundredfeet feet below the fort As they en enter enter enter ter the stockade Major Doughtythe Doughtythe Doughty the commandant j greets reets them cordially Tomorrow morning mornmg he hewill ne newill newill will deta detail some of his men to help helpthem helpthem helpthem them tow their boats back to theJr their theJrdeshnabon theirdestination theirdestination theirdestinationAnd I deshnabon destination deshnabonAnd destinationAnd And so it comes to pass that thatabout thatabout thatabout about noon on Monday April Apnl 7 71788 1783 1788 Gen Rufus Putnam super supermtendent supermtendent superintendent mtendent intendent of the Ohio company companywho companywho companywho who has led this party of hardy pioneers pi pioneers < oneers meers to America s first Prom PromIsed Promised Promised I Ised Land steps ashore at the theplace theplace theplace -place place - where he will w1l1 win wm his great greatest greateat greatest est eat fame-the fame the tame - the site of the future futuretown futuretown futuretown town of Marietta Manetta the first Amerl Amenl Amerlcan Amenlcan Amencan can settlement m in the Old North Northwest Northwest Northwest west Territory Terntory As he does so a astalwart astalwart astalwart stalwart Indian chiefta chlefta n comes comesforward comesforward comesforward forward to greet him It is Cap Cap- Captam Captain Captain - - tain tam Pipe a famous leader of the theDela theDelaware theDelaware Delaare Delaware Dela\\ Dela \ are " who has brought a aparty aparty aparty party of 70 7b Delawares and Wyan Wyandots Wyandots Wyandots dots to Fort Harmar to trade their theirfurs theirfurs theirfurs furs for thehlte the \ white \\hlte hlte man s goods goodsFhe goodsThe Fhe rhe The warriors greeted Ihe the new newarrIvals newarrivals newarrivals arrIvals most graciously graclOusl graciousl ) } wntes writes writesa wntesa a chronicler of this meeting meetmg and andga"e andgave andga'e ga"e gae ga'e " ' them a welcome to the Mus Muskingum Muskingum kmgum kingum on the headwaters of ofwh ofwh ofwh wh ch they had their theJr huntmg hunting huntmggrounds huntinggrounds huntinggrounds grounds If they could ha\e ha e haeloo"ed hat hatlooted ha\elooked ha elooked \ e loo"ed looed looted " into mto the future perhaps perhapstheir perhapstheir perhapstheir their . welcome v.elcome velcome weIcome would ha\e ha e hate \ been beenless beenless beenless n less gracIousFor graciousFor gracious graciousFor For within WJthIn five years their theirtnbesmen then thentribesmen theirtribesmen r tnbesmen tribesmen would be waging wagmg war warupon wa waupon warupon r upon the army of white settlers settlersof of vanguardthat which this was the vanguard that wouldoverrun would overrun those hunt ng nggrounds n ngrounds nggrounds g grounds and eventually dn"e dne dn"ethem drivethem drir drirthem " e them toward the setting settmg sun Dur Durmg During During mg ing those five years the red men menwould me mewould menwould n would score a victory over the thecommander thecommander th thcommander e commander for whom this fort fortwas for forwas fortwas t was named Gen Josiah Harmar Harma Harmarand Harmaand Harmarand r and the then , inflict mhct ! upon Gen Arthur"LOC'P Arthur Arthu r . -"LOC'P "LOC'P LOCP - " ' : _ _ _ I I [ soon did ) assignment of lands landsI landsclearmg landsclearing landsclearing clearmg clearing the forest and planting plantingcrops plantingcrops plantingcrops plantingcropsSo crops cropsSo So they set to work ImmedJate immediate ImmedJatethese immediatel3these immediate1 ImmedJateI I l3-these l3 these } ) -these these - these 20 surveyors 20 a'Cmen aCmen aemen a'Cmencarpenters aemencarpenters a\mencarpenters a mencarpenters \ ' carpenters and blacksmiths and andeight andeight andeight eight farmers By early in m May Maythe Maythe Maythe the axmen had cleared 30 acres acresof acresof acresof of forest By the end of June they theyI theyhad theyhad had chopped the trees from 120 120acres 120acres 120acres acres more The timber thus ob obtamed obtanned obtamed tamed tanned was used to build the I\ck I ck Rck Icketed Rcketed \ Picketed eted Point Pomt at the mouth of the theMuskmgum theMuskingum theMushmgum Muskmgum Muskingum and the Campus Mar Martlus Martins Martius tlus tins on higher ground a m mile e dls dis dlstant distant distant tant For thpse these th se fortifications fortificationswhich fortificationswhich fortificationswhich which would provide both a place placeto placeto to live and a place of refuge for forthe forthe forthe the first settlers and those \ whowould who whowould ho howould would follow logs were set on end endand endand endand and spliced together The houses houseswithIn houseswithin houseswithin withIn withInereofhand \\ereofhand ereofhand \ vi w \ ere ereof of hand sawed boards boardsfour boardsfour boardsfour four inches mches thick and built much muchthe muchthe muchthe the same as a frontier log cabinThe cabinThe cabin cabinThe The Ohio OhJO company s office was wascompleted wascompleted wascompleted completed first for the use of Gen General General General I eral Putnam and his associates associatesIt It stood at some distance outside outsidethe outsidethe outsidethe the stockade but at the outbreak outbreakof outbreake of Indian hostilities hostll1hes hostihtnes in 1791 it was wasmoved wasmoved wasmoved moved within wlthm the shelter of the theguns theguns theguns guns in m the southwest southv.est southvest . blockhouse blockhouseof of the Campus Martius It still stillstandsthe stillstands stands-the stands the - the oldest bu building dmg m in mOh mOh Oh Oho o 0 Putnam s homestead stood stoodwlthm stoodwithin stoodwithin wlthm within the stockade which took tooktwo tooktwo tooktwo two years to complete but when whenit It was finished the Campus Marti Martius Martius us impregnableto lInpregnableto was practically lInpregnable impregnable to Indian attackMarie attack attackMane \ Mane 1\Iarle 1 Iarle Marie Antoinette Antomette s Bell BelJ BellThe The settlement was first called calle d calledAdelphia calledAdelphla Adelphla Adelphta for the fiatboat flatboat WhICh whichhad had formed a part of their flotil flotll , - - - - - - - - a x Zry'1 Zry1 ' @ . r . . w r & F .r r . ru NBC t - 'Ap Ap ' 21s r a _ br brThe The Campus MartIus In 1791 St Cla Cia r r and his army the worst disaster worstdisaster the white men had known knownSince knownsince knownsince Since the days of Braddock But Butthey they thesetwo would pay dearly for these two successes-pay successes pay successes - - pay when Mad Anthony MadAnthony dragoonscharged Wayne s dragoons dragoonscharged dragoonscharged charged at the Battle of rallen fallen FallenTimbers rallenTimbers Timbers and pay when their can con conqueror conqueror queror summoned them to the thecouncil thecouncil thecouncil council Greenville ofGreenville fire to sign the Treaty of . . . Like the Indians Rufus Put Putnam Putnam Putnam nam and his men had no mklIng inkling of inklingof mklIngof these events to-be to be - - Tl TI eir first thought firstthought jobfor obfor was of the immediate Job ] ob for which they had come-acquir come acquir come - acquiring comeacquirmg comeacquiring mg ing by possession posseSSJon title tJtle to the thevast thevast thevast vast territory terntory which Rev Manas Manasseh Manasseh Manasseh seh Cutler that shrewd Yankee Yankeepreacher Yankeepreacher Yankeepreacher preacher lawyer doctor real es tate estate fromthe promoter had obtained obtamed from the congress tor for the Ohio Com Corn Company Cornpany Cornpany pany ot of Associates That Job ] ob In Included ineluded ineluded cluded eluded shelter and food protec protection tion against the Indians Indwns ( should shouldthey they become hostile as they so i " - - i , t 0 . $ \ r 1 6 6f 6at T- T 5T TI - at 5 -I I - f - : y 7 7'f 'f f 'fI ' > . c4 I r y , . 4 - a ati -ti ti - tif tir f r s slJ - f fme lJ i it t t ; = r - - me ' " > 1 ? 1 1 . I . > t tG ' G JPY y N Nt NL L - t _ j jre re 4 r ( j jSettlers Seltlers Settlers receIVIng land dceds deeds from the OhIo Company land office officeill officem ill m l\Iarletta l Iarletta Marietta \ Iia la brethren brethten Adelphia Adelphla means breth ren ten rensIgmficant tensignificant brotherhood -sIgmficant sIgmficant -significant significant - significant of their broth erhood enterpriseThen m In this pioneer enterprIse Then it was decided decJded to rename It itMarietta ItManetta Manetta Marietta m in honor of the queen of ofTmrtfthofti'tf ofrrance ofPrance rrance Prance * because hofti'tf hoftitf ' _ , . of < . her i - ' - - - - - ? ncicura cord cordality cura allty ality aniyto to UnitedStates UmtedStates Beniamm BenJamm Benjamin Franklin Umted United ] States ambassador to the court of I ofLouis LouIs XVI When Mane Marie AntOl Antot Antoinette AntOlnette Antotnette nette ordereda learned of this she ordered a large bell beIl cast to be sent to toManetta toMarietta Manetta Marietta and used on occaSIOns when occasionswhen the citizens CJtlZens were to be becalled becaIled caIled called together But the bell beH beHwas bellwas was was.ost wasost lost waslost whichwas . at sea when the vessel which was carrying carrymg it was wrecked And wreckedAnd it was only a short time hme later that laterthat the donor of the bell foHowcd followed It followedit foHowcdIt to oblivIOn-under oblivIOn under oblivion - under the gUlllo guillo guillotine gUlllotme guillotenet tme tenet townon ' But for 150 years this town on the Ohio Oluo has helped perpetu European ate perpetuate the fame of an ill III fated Euro pean monarchCorn monarch monarchCorn Corn beans and potatoes were planted wereplanted in the cleared 30 acres that acresthat first spring sprmg and these wIth withthe the meat of wild animals ammals janc and fish - - - were to be the principal pnnclpal food sup sup- supplies supplies supplies - - plies of the settlers the first wm win wmter winter winter ter However the corn crop was wassmaIl wassmall wassmall smaIl small and they would have suf suffered suffered suffered fered severely had it not been for forthe forthe forthe the generosity of Isaac and Re Rebecca Rebecca Rebecca becca Williams " , who ho had settled settledacross settledacross settledacross across the Ohio river on the Vir Virglnla Virginia Virgmia glnla ginia shore They had a large largecrop largecrop largecrop crop of corn which they had been beensellmg beenselling beenselling sellmg selling for $2 2 $ a bushel But they theyImmedIately theyimmediately theyimmediately ImmedIately came to the rescue rescueof rescueof rescueof of the Marietta Manetta settlers and sold soldcorn soldcorn soldcorn corn to them for 50 cents a bushelMeanwhlle bushelMeanwhile bushel bushelMeanwhile Meanwhile Meanwhlle m In his little office officeRufus ofiic ofiicRufus officeRufus e Rufus Putnam was busy admmiS admints admmiStermg admintstering administenng termg tering the affairs affaITs of the Ohio com corn company cornpany cornpany pany There the early maps ofthe o othe of ithe the Northwest Territory Terntory were weremade wer wermade weremade e made surveys were platted and andthe an anthe andthe d the sale and allotmg alloting of lands car carned cartied carned ned tied on Putnam held the office officeI officeof officeof officeof I toI of ofsurveyor surveyor general from 179S 1796 to to1803 t I 1803 and during the period penod thou thousands thousands thousands sands of settlers obtained obtamed homes home homein homesin In this tillS new country countryThe countryThe The Rush ot of SettlersFor Settlers SettlersFor For the influx of new settlers settler settlersI settlershad settlerhad settlershad I had begun soon after the arrival arrivalof arriva arrivaof arrivalof 1 of the vanguard of Putnam and andhis an anhis andhis his 48 men News of the rich nch and andpromlsmg an anpromising andpromising d promlsmg promising lands in Ohio and the theNorthwest th thNorthwest theNorthwest Northwest spread with remark remarkable remar remarable remarkable dd able EnglandWith EnglanWith swiftness swntness into mto New England Englan d With the settlement of differ diffe differences diffeences differences r ences with the Indians Indtans and the th e theBritish theBntIsh thBritish BntIsh British forces there was a rush rushof rushof rus rusof h eh ee of theEast thEast people from all parts of the th e East growthfor growtfor and South and the growth growt h for those days was nothing nothmg less lessthan le lethan lessthan ss than marvelous The Puritans of New ofNew PuritansNew NewYork England the Dutch of New Ne w York and Pennsylvania Pennsylvama the t he Quakers theQuakers theSwedish tSwedish of Pennsylvania the t he Swedish Lutherans of New Jer Jersey Je Jesey Jersey r sey Marylandand MaryIaand the Catholics of Maryland MaryIa nd and peopleof peopof the Church of England people peop le of New Jersey all came to OhIODuring Ohi Ohio OhioDuring o During this periodscarcely period penod ' scarcely 5carcely a day aday passed that did not see sce a raft raftor ra |