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Show . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e.e.o ee.o eeo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - : - I IFirst First in hi War and a in Peace ] I . . .OOO.O.O.O.OO OOOOOO.OO OOOOOOOO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * . $ . . . 90e000000 . . .O O . .O0 . 1 ; I G M to ir 1 r re , . , e l4 ' ' 0 , J- J - Jt Jt ; t t - r r rtfti tfti tftil " . ( -l l - lfdr fdrF fdr ( . , F J JsZw + t sZw sZwj , j e-A e A lYdLp - 1 ' 1 1V V f \ / lY lYe e dLp dLpv1 v1 + i ' R Rr r ZJ1 ZJ1v , v ' L - yY yYli li lirr rr : i II II"II , C 'i3 i3 ' n Z + , "II II " . . . " b . . Jr lrv lrvt'RS /t'RS t'RS tRS / ' y yI . < /I I / 1rJr'JJGFriI 1rJrJJGFriI ' , ' 1 + t t'jf + 'jf jf ' : t tGEORGE \0 0 \ GEORGE WASHINGTON Washington's Washingtons Washington'sColonial ashmgtosfsColonial ' Colonial Home Hone HoneIt It fi Itfi + s Is I Ir l lylr r ylr ! lEORGE EORGE WASHINGTON'S WASHINGTONS WASmNGTON'S WASmNGTONS ' colornal colomal co- co colonial - GEORGE G . lonial lornal lomal home , . , Mount Vernon Vcrnonhas , has not been a residence for formany formany formany many years , nor has nas it been ownedby owned ownedby ownedby by a member of ot the WashIngton WashIngtonfam Washingtonfamily Washingtonfamily fam family y for three quarters of a cen cen- century century century - tury , , says the W Washington dshmgton StarMrs StarMrs Star StarMrs Mrs . Eleanor Washington Waslungton Howard Howarddaughter , , daughter of ot Joha JOM Joins Augustine Wash Wash- WashIngton Washmgton Washington - ington mgton , the illustrious WashIngton's WashIngtons WashIngton'sgreat Washington'sgreat Washington'sgreat Washingtonsgreat ' ' great grandnephew , was the last pri prI- prIvate private private - vate owner of the estate She first firstsaw firstsaw firstsaw saw the world from the most historic hIS- hIS hIStOrIC his historic - toric home bome in m America in m 1856Though 1856 1856Though Though General WashIngton's WashIngtons WashIngton'ssla Washington'sslaves Washington'sslaves Washingtonsslaves ' ' slaes slaves sla\ sla \ es , , numbering numbermg more than 150 150were , were freed by hii'iili hiiiili hui hu . "ill ill " ' i/ill i ill / , , his nephew nephewBushrod , , Bushrod Washington , who .ho ho "ho " , . InherIted InherItedMount inheritedMount inheritedMount Mount Vemon Vernon , John Augustme Augustine AugustmeWaslungton AugustineWashington AugustineWashington Waslungton Washington , Bushrod's Bushrods Busbrod's Busbrods Busltrod's Busltrods ' nephew , , andhis and andhIS andhis hIS son son , , , John Augustine Augustme Washington Washing WashIng- WashIngton Washington - ton , Jrho Jr , , " who \ho ho "ho \ in m turn felJ feU fell heirs tothe to tothe tothe the estate , , were slave owners . Today , , survivors SurVIVO/"S SurVIVO "S S / " of the last gen gen- generatIon generation generation - eration of negro folk born in m the theslave theslave theslave slave quarters of the old manor are areproud areproud areproud proud that their slave parents had hadserved hadserved hadserved served in the ancestral home of the theWashmgtons theWashmgtons theWashingtons Washmgtons . Somehow , they gIve gIverealIsm giverealism giverealism realIsm to the farm um which wwch George GeorgeWashington GeorgeWashington GeorgeWashington Washington ownod owned and which wluch winch they theyhelped theyhelped theyhelped helped to care fcir flr for ( , , as young menThese men menThese menThese These white - - haired halred men declare declarethere declarethere declarethere there never was any depression at atthe atthe atthe the old farm where wbere the nights rughts were werefestIvals werefestivals werefestivals festIvals witn the singing SIngmg of "Roll Roll "RollJordan RollJordan " , Jordan , , Roll , " ' "Swing Swing " WIng Lov/ Lov Low LovSweetChariot / , S\\eet S eet Sweet SeetCharlot SweetChariot SweetChariot \ Charlot Chariot , , " and * ' Steal Away toJesus to toJesus toJesus Jesus " . George Washington WashlDgton , , who is saId saIdto saidto saidto to have been worth several hundred hundredthousand hundredthousand hundredthousand thousand dollars doUars in today's todays ' values valueshad valueshad valueshad had a salary of $25,000 25000 $ , a year dur- dur durIng during dur during - ing his bis presidency and added re- re resources resources re resources - sources brought to him by his mar mar- marrIage marriage marriage - riage with the rich rJch 1\ 1 \ Martha 1artha artha Custis Custis.With CustisWith . . With such wealth be he was able to tokeep tokeep tokeep keep his estate of 8,000 8000 , , acres in infine Infine infine fine condition This Tlus Thus was despite the thefact thefact thefact fact that he was constantly enter enter- entertaming entertaming entertaining - taining taming visitors . By the time tune the property was in- in inherIted inherited in inherited - herited by John Augustme Augustine Washing Washmg- Washmg Washmgton Washington - ' ton , . , his nephew , in 1829 . , the plant plant- plantation plantation plantation - ation had been reduced to 1,225acres 1,225 1225 1,225acres 1,225acres 1225acres , , acres , only about 100 acres of ol . which whichwere whichwere whichwere were suitable for farming When his hisson hisson hisson son , John Augustine Washmgton Washington WashingtonJr WashmgtonJr Jr , came into posscssmon possessInon of the estate es- es estate es estate - tate in m 1860 , after his mother's mothers mother'sde.1th mother'sdeath mother'sdeath mothersdeath ' de.1th de1th death . , . he realized that such wealth wealthas as his great uncle George had possessed pos pos- possessed possessed - sessed was required to restore restoreMount restoreMount restoreMount Mount Vernon and maInt maintain lIn it in Its Itsformer itsformer itsformer former splendor . Accordmg According to tradition tradltion aMi a M MissAnn i S s sAnn sAnn Ann Pamela Cunmngham Cunnmgham Cunningham of South SouthCarolma SouthCarolina SouthCarolina Carolma Carolina , who was a Potomac boatpassenger boat boatpassenger boatpassenger passenger about the time when John JohnA JohnA JohnA A . , Washington WashlDgton wished to sell Mount MountVernon MountVernon MountVcrnon Vernon , , became so impressed unpressed withthe WIth WIththe withthe the tolling tollmg of the bell and the hIS- hIS hIStorical historical his historical - torical importance of George Wash Wash- WashIngton's Washington's Washington's - ington's ingtons ' home that she became active ac- ac active ac active - tive in working ! for or the purchase of ofthe ofthe ofthe the estateIn estateIn estate estateIn In 1858 the organization she h'ld hld hid hidformed h'ldformed hidformed ' formed as the Mount Vernon La- La Ladles Ladies La Ladies - dies dles ' associahon assoclatIon association of the Union con- con contracted con contracted . - tracted to buy the mansion and and200 200 acres ncres for $200,000 200000 $ , , Through Throughthe Throughthe Throughthe the patriotic appeal of the women womenand womenand womenand and the efforts efIorts eflorts of at Senator Edward EdwardEverett EdwardEverett EdwardEverctt Everett of ot Massachusetts , whotoured who whotoured whotoured toured the country and raised roused $68- $68 68 $ , - 294 59 , , Mount Vernon was actually actuallypurchased actuallypurchased actuallypurchased purchased in m 1860 for a shrine Thenthe Then Thenthe Thenthe the Washington family left the theestate theestate theestate estate . . With breaking out of the CIvIl CIvIlwar Civ Civwar Civilwar il war , . , Miss Cunmngham Cunrnngham Cunningham appealed to tothe tothe tothe the commanders of both armies to topreserve topreserve topreserve preserve Mount Vernon . . , As both bothGeneral bothGeneral bothGeneral General Scott and General Lee gave gaveorders gaveorders gaveorders orders that no armed man should shouldenter shouldenter shouldenter enter the estate , the shnne shrine was wasself wasself wasself self protected , the only neutral spa spain spot spotill spotin t ill in the United Umted States . For several years members of a aleast at atleast atleast t least four families fanuhes of the Mt M1 . . Ver Ver- Vernon Ver- Ver Vernon Vernon - - non slaves remained to care for theplace the theplace theplace place , in the employ of the associa aSSOCIa- aSSOCIabon association associa- associa association - - tion bon Some of the children grew u uthere up upthere upthere there and a few of the adults stayed stayedlong stayedlong stayedlong long enough to gain the title o o"aunty of of"aunty of"aunty ofaunty "aunty aunty " " or "uncle uncle " , , " which wluch wastypical was a atyplcal atypical typlcal typical Southern respect for an aged agednegro age agenegro agednegro agednegroFor d negro negroFor ds de For a while after the war visitorto VIsItors visitor VIsItorsto visitorsto s dy dd to Mount Vernon are said to have havepractIced hav havpracticed havepracticed ds e practIced such vandalism vandal1sm that they theywrote the thewrote theywrote y wrote their names over its walls an anceilings and andceilings andceilings d ceilings Plaster was removed by bythose b bythose y ythose those who cut pieces of laths as assouvemrs a asouvenirs assouvenirs s souvemrs souvenirs , and even glass was brok brok- broken broken broken - - en in the cupola by those who wish wish- wished wished . - ed to take away pieces of the fa- fa famous famous fa famous - - mous home . Today Mount Vernon , , a natIonal natIonalshrme nationalshrine nationalshnne shrme shrine , is a perfectly preserved preservedplantatIon preservedplantation preserve preserveplantation d plantatIon with mansion , green greenULs . + 1wv r . . .w w . . y y.rwynr .rwynr rwynr . . . . .va va . .nv nv . " ' yoi Er Ergy yo yoiry , i gyyo gy , ey eyfk fk// fk fkJ iry iry@t @t @ ! / / ; ; J xisw z , Y , r rri7r.nw . b lz lz4w A ri7r.nw ri7rnw ri7r.nwb j 4w 4wtr tr trj ULs tf ' 4 f 4 4Q fE Q E fr-'K fr 'K K " w Y - ' ' k } / f ? ' } sf 1 s st sf t f ii iif f ' 1 6 6c c :3 3 :3r : r , ayply ayplyn ayplycy , n cy n . . : / . rlWS'eZ rlWSeZ rlWS'eZLtfh ' ; Ltfh ' tiv tivaaate aaate T V Washington Washmgton Colonial Colomal Home , Now aNational a aNational aNational National Shrme Shrine . house , , kitchen , , servant's servants ' quarters quarterscoach , , coach house , , smoke house , daIry dairyspinning , spinrung spinning house , , carpenter's carpenters ' ' house housegardener's housegardeners , , gardener's gardeners ' house and plantation of- of office office of office - fice ficePerhaps Perhaps the estate's estates ' closest touch touchwIth touchwith touchwith wIth Washington Washmgton is the beaubful beautiful beautifultrees beaubfultrees beautifultrees trees in m the grounds near the man man- mansJOn mansion - ' sion sJOn byGeneial byGenelal which wluch were plantedeither planted either by Genelal Geneial Washington Washmgton or by his direction direc dIrec- dIrectIon direction - tion . It If the ancient ashes , , beeches beechesbuckcycs , , buckeyes , hemlocks , , couee cofIee coffee beans beanselms , , elms , lindens lmdens , . mulberry and t the themany themany h e emany many venerable holly hoUy trees could couldspeak couldspeak couldspeak speak , , they would tell much about aboutGeorge aboutGeorge aboutGeorge George Washington's Washingtons ' hie We life as a coun- coun country coun country . - try gentleman . . . America's Americas ' ' most famous home homeMount , , Mount Vemon Vernon , underwent not on one onebut onbut but duringthe durmgthe two major enlargements durmg during the ownership o"mcrshlp omcrshlp " of the First FITst American Americanwho Americanwho who " , ho believed apparently , , that the thefirst thefirst thefirst first duty of an American c.ltuen cltuen citizen c.ltuento citizento . citizento to his family was to provide a com com- comfortable comfortable . - fortable home , according to a writ 'HIt HIt writ- writer ' writer . - er in the Washington Washmgton Post . . When first built , , about 1743 , the theVlrglDla theVirginia theVirginia VlrglDla Virginia home was an unpretentious unpretentiousplantatIon unpretentiousplantation unpretentiousplantation plantatIon house of one and one halt half haltstories halfstories halfstories stories , comprising the central sec section . ' tion tlon two of ot the present mansionJust mansionJust mansion mansionJust Just before his ills marriage to Mar Mar- Martha Martha Martha - tha Custis in 1759 , Washington Waslllngton "ren- "ren ren "renoVlzed ' "ren-ovized "ren ren ovized " ren- ren renovized - oVlzed ovized ' the dwelling into mto a house houseof houseof houseof of two ond and one half halt st stfincs stories ncs by add add- adding add- add adding adding - ing one complete story , , but did dld not notIncrease notincrease notincrease Increase the floor Goor area . , |