OCR Text |
Show EUROPE GIRDS FOR BOMBING RAIDSGood RAIDS RAIDSGood Good Offense Is Best Defense Against Aerial Attack , NationsBelieve Nations NationsBelieve NationsBelieve Believe ; Race Is On to Build Planes , Train Airmen . By WILLIAM C . UTLEYALL UTLEY UTLEYALL ALL ALL LL Europe has glued Itsrl itsattention its itsCJL rl . --CJL CJL - - attention to the Far Eastto Eastto East -to to - to Shanghai , Tientsin Tlentsm , Nan Nan- Nankmg Nanking Nanking - king kmg and the other great Chi Chl- Chl Chlnese Chi- Chi Chinese Chinese - - nese metropolises now form form- formmg forming forming - ing mg targets for deadly Jap- Jap Japanese Jap Japanese - . anese bombs bOlnbs . Europeans arewatching are arewatchmg arewatching watchmg watching the ruthless attacksupon attacks attacksupon attacksupon upon civilian populations , andthe and andthe andthe the wanton destruction ofhomes of ofhomes ofhomes homes and public bUIldmgs buildings bUIldmgsI buildingsoccupied buildingsoccupied I occupIed by noncombatants noncombatantsin noncombatantsI I 111 in something sOlnethmg of the manner mannerI mannerof mannerof I of the football scout watchmg watching watchmgthIS watchingthis watchingthis thIS week's weeks ' game to perfect perfectthe perfectthe perfectthe the defenses of his own team teamfor teamfor teamfor for the big game that looms loomsin loomsm m in the future . , The World war \ \ ar gave Europe , andparticularly and andparticularly andparticularly particularly England , a glimpse ghmpse ofwhat of ofwhat ofwhat what might be expected in m a fewyears few fewyears fewyears years , after aerial aenal bombing bombmg had perfected per perfected perfected fected the efficiency lacking lackmg in m itsinfancy ItS ItSmfancy itsinfancy mfancy infancy Air bombers extend the thetheater thetheater thetheater theater of war into mto the civilian clvlhan pop populatlons populations populations ulatlons ulations of the great cities , reduce reduceto reduceto reduceto to a mockery the territorial bound boundanes boundaries boundanes anes aries on a continent contment peopled by bymany bymany bymany many small smaIl nations and threaten threatenwhen , when coupled with other agencies of ofmodern ofmodern ofmodern modern warfare , to wipe out Euro Euro- European European European - pean civilization clvllIzahon There are few qualified quahfied authori authori- authorities authoritIes authorities - - ties who believe beheve that bombing bombmg ex expeditions ex- ex expedlhons expeditions - peditions pedlhons on large cities couldbring could couldbrmg couldbring brmg bring an entire nation to surrenderby surrender surrenderI surrenderby surrenderby I by shattering shattermg its morale and upset upset- upsetting upsettmg upsetting - ting tmg the structure of government governmentThe governmentThe governmentThe The cities clhes of Shanghai and Madrid Madridstill Madridstill Madridstill still stand , if 1.f 1f . their heads be bloody bloodyafter , after months of ruthless , coldly- coldly coldlyplanned coldly-planned coldly planned - . planned attacks from the air But Butthere Butthere Butthere there is always the possibility posslblhty that thatthe thatthe thatthe the next time may be different , and andfor andfor andtor for this reason the race among Eu European European European ropean nations to build bulld air forces forcesand forcesand forcesand and defenses against agamst air forces oftheir of oftheir oftheir their enemies has been heightenedof hClghtenedof hClghtened heightened of recent days to a fever pitch pitchThere pItchThere pitchThere There are perhaps 20,000 20000 , militaryairplanes mlhtary military mlhtaryaxrplanes militaryairplanes axrplanes airplanes owned by the tfle nations ofEurope of ofEurope ofEurope Europe today , and more thousands thousandsare are being bemg turned out every month monthThe monthThe monthThe The same nations are pressmg pressing pressmgplans pressingplans pressingplans plans of defense to complehon completion complehonamong completionamong completionamong among both military mlhtary and cIvlhan civilian cIvlhanbranches civilianbranches civilianbranches branches of the population with a aspeed aspeed aspeed speed bom born of genuine genwne fearBritons fear fearBritons Britons : Excel I\.cel I.cel I .cel cel E.cel Ecel ' \ . Technically Techmcally . England , not soon destined destmed to for for- forget forget forget - get the terrifying terr yrngZeppelmandGotha terrifymgZeppeluiandGotha terrifymgZeppeluiandGotharaids yrngZeppelmandGotharaids Zeppelm and Gotharaids raids which drove London into mto astate a astate astate state of panic pamc in m 1917 , is one of theforemost the theforemost theforemost foremost in m building bUlldmg her air defensesand defenses defensesand defensesand and realizes real1zes that the best defenseis defenseus defense IS us a good offcnse offense , as they often say sayIn sayin sayin In football footbaIl circles Her first firstIme firstline firstline Ime line strength ( at home , with the thefleet thefleet thefleet fleet and abroad ) numbers about about2 2 000 planes , and her reserves reservescalled , called the best m Europe , raise the thetotal thetotal thetotal total to 3 000For 000 000For For a time hme : England Ingland had dlfficul diffcul dlfficulhes diffculties difficulties hes ties in m production producllon , but is now bUild bUildmg building building mg ing about 175 planes a month , andproduction and andproduction andproduction production is on the upswing upswmg indieating mdl mdi mdlcatmg mdieating catmg eating that perhaps these dlfhcultles diiliculties diilicultieshave difficultieshave dlfhcultleshave have been straightened out . Techmcally 'lech lech 'lechmcally 'lechnically ' mcally nically , her air force is head and andshoulders andshoulders andshoulders shoulders above the rest of the con contment continent contincnt tment tinent . . Her airplanes are far bettcr better bettcrthan betterthan betterthan than any of those operated or orunder orunder orunder under construction construchon by any other Eu European European European ropean power Her supermarmeSpitfire supermarme supermarmeSpitfire supermarmeSpitfire Spitfire planes do 346 miles an hour hourand hourand hourand and she has bombers capable of ofnearly ofnearly ofnearly nearly 300Measures 300Measures 300 300Measures Measures taken to defend Eng England England England land from air raids exemplify exemphfy almost al almost almost most every precaution precautlon known knO\ln knO ln knotrn \ uponthe upon uponthe uponthe the continent contment London is the heart ofthe of ofthe ofthe the empire and . , from the air , itsmost Its Itsmost itsmost most vulnerable point pomt . There 10,000 10000 10 , 000 000 persons live hve within wlthm an area areaof areaof areaof ' of 2.000 2000 2,000 . , square milesEngland miles milesEngland England s ring rmg of volunteer ob oh observers ohservers observers servers to warn in m case of air rllds raids rlldsextends raidsextends raidsextends : extends out into mto : France and BelgIUm BelgIUmand Belgiumand Belgiumand and is backed up by naval patrols patrolsin patrolsm m in the Channel This serves to give giveLondon giveLondon giveLondon London an hour s warning warnmg to mobl mobi moblhLe mobilice mobili hLe lice c her defenses if a raid r31d is l.om lom corn l.ommg corning . corning mg ing , were the lookouts stationed stal10ned atthe at atthe atthe the mouth of the Thames therewould there therewould therewould would be but 10 or 15 minutes mmutes toprepare to toprepare toprepare prepare A few flying flymg ships slips aicbased al aie aiebased e ebased based along the coast for purposes purposesof of reconnoissancc reconnOlssance reconnoissance These arc are sup supplemented supplemented supplemented plemented by a Volunteer Obsel Observ- Observ Observers Obseiv-ers Obseiv ers v- v vers - - ers ' ' coips COlpS of workers and other civ CIV- CIVlhans civilians civilians - ilians lhans equipped with airplane mrplane de detectmg detecting dotecting tectmg tecting instruments mstruments All file reports reportswith reportswith reportswith with a central office to chart the thecourse thecourse thecourse course of invadersbets invaders invadersI bets I cts ets Hang lIang From BalloonsThe BalloonsThe Balloons BalloonsThe The first stationary statlonary line hne of de deense detense dotense tense ( ense is the outer artillery ring rmg ofguns of ofguns ofguns guns and clnd searchlights searchhghts Inside thisis this thisIS thisis IS a fighting fightmg zone in m mhICh which \\hICh hICh \ \ squadrons squ.ld squld squad squ.ldrons squadroes . rons roes leave their airdromes within wlthm 90seconds 90seconds 90 90seconds seconds of receiving reeelvmg an alarm alarmseaichlights , seal searchlights chhghts and a few fightmg fighting fightmgplnnes fightingplanes fightingplanes plnnes planes which constantly patrol the thecIty thecity thecity cIty point pomt their way to the enemyMost enemyMost enemy enemyMost Most sensational of all London's Londons London'sdefensive London'sdefensive London'sdefensive Londonsdefensive ' defensive measures ml.asures mlasures . is its next lme line linethe , the mobile balloon ban banagc barrage age . Steel Steelcables Steelcables I Icables cables are hung in m the air like l1ke a anet anet anet net from fromi -i i a " - series senes of blimps bhmps , ofTenng offering ofTenngboth offeringboth offeringboth both a psychological and a pnyslcal pnysical pnyslcalobstacle pnysicalobstacle pnysicalobstacle obstacle to the invading mvadmg airmanThe airman airmanThe airmanThe The last line lme of active achve defense is astring a astrmg astring strmg string of 125 three or tour four inch lnch gunsand gun guns gunsand .lnd lnd and . 150 searchlights sC'archllghts sCarchllghts ' across acros thecity the theCIty thecity CIty of London Itself ItselfThe itself'Ihe ItselfThe ' The 'Ihe Ihe Home Office has undertaken undertakento to unite : the people in m passive de detense detense detense tense schemes One , . . aimed .umed umed Chlcl1y chiefly chiellyto Chlcl1yto chieflyto to allay the fears of air raids is to toprovide toprovide toprovide provide 40000,000 40000000 4000C/,000 4000C ,000 000 40 000,000 000000 / , persons with tiee flee free M / ' ' ma 4yyv rJ1g1Y9 N " ' . . . yw , . wN . , r y ' " " ' /1 1 ' / 1t t 4 4b / b 4s s f . . 4 8 3 3r r l lI li " I / i / ytst ytsta 1 z 1 # . a ' / 4 e \ / ; i s ss sr . " s . r z f f4 / Y , . v > ? 1 1oS ' < - * / ) oS " / ' j Y u-A u A - " Au/// Au AuI / / ( I * , / ' \ . . i Y - > ' . , / P ' " i . - ' " ' M Nr " ' NrE E 4 ' > w\ w mvi _ _ \ f " ' rw1 rw1t " 1 1t t . " ( . ) . , -t t - b Y- Y - ' YJ e . / " , . < , J- J Jl 'J J 'Ja ' l - > 1 < H- H H4 " , a " , - : . H'I HI . A . 4 1 , , 'S7 S7 ' )11 11 : ) 1 { / , } ; > . J t ! ) ) tlI'HKtl tlIHKtl tlI'HKtl'h ffy ; I Itt -t\t t - \ / t T ' . > IJ y'0 y0 ' [ , , ' / . \ ' 'h h ' , til [ { U J > - -d d Jd J'rcnch Jrcnch French . ' aVIatIon forces developed thIs new t type pe bhmp blimp The dctachable detachable dctachablefuselage detachablefuselage fuselage can fioat float to the ground by parachute In the c\ c ct cent \ ent of damage to toIts toits Its gas-bag gas bag - . gas masks , now being bemg manufac manufac- manufactured manufactured manufactured - tured at the rate of 300 000 to 400,000 400000 400,000a 400000a , a week weekBooklets Booklets issued by the govern government government government ment teach citizens to orgamze organize orgamzenClghborhoods organizeneighborhoods organizeneighborhoods nClghborhoods neighborhoods for practice in 111 theissuance the theIssuance theissuance Issuance of gas masks and other other- otherwise otherwise otherwise - wise reduce the holocaust of whole whole- wholesale wholesale wholesale - sale air raids Fire fighting fightmg squadsare squads squadsare squadsare are being bemg readied to minimize mmlmlze destruction de destruchon desttuation struchon sttuation by incendiary mcendlary bombs , oth oth- other other other - er groups are being bemg organized orgamzed to torepaIr torepair torepair repaIr damaged public utilities utJhtIes and andclean andclean andclean clean areas left contaminated contammated after aftergas aftergas aftergas gas attacksCivilians attacks attacksCivilians Civilians are also being bemg instruct mstruct- mstruct instruct- mstructcd instructed instructed - ed cd in m ways Vvays of making makmg snaking at least one one100m oneioom oneloom 100m ioom of each house gasproof Archl Archi Archltects Architects Architects tects are also being bemg advised to m- m in- in mclude include in include - clude gasproof gasp roof shelters in all newbuildings new newbUlldmgs newbuildings bUlldmgs buildings The subways were lookedto looked lookedto lookedto to for shelter in m the World war , butofficials but butofficials officials today warn that they aremore are aremore aremore more likely 11h.ely 11hely . to be traps than shelters she shel sheltors I Iters . ters tors , being bemg not tar far enough under under- underground underground underground - ground groundRussia Russia . Supreme Supremc Numericilly Numeric\lly Numeric lly Numerically ' \ . . In the case that raids become so soternble soterrible soterrible ternble terrible that the plans will not hold holdup holdup holdup up , the only alternative is to get getthe getthe getthe the population populahon out of London Rail Railroads Railroads Railroads roads are now offering oITermg plans for rap rap- rapI rapId rapid rapid - I id mass evacuationNumerically evacuation evacuationNumerically evacuatIonII II Numerically Numencally , Russia has the mostpowerful most mostpowerful mostpowerful powerful air force in m the worldShe world worldShe worldShe She owns about 3 3000 000 first lineplanes Ime line Imeplanes lineplanes planes and about 1 500 to 2 000 other oth othI other other I er planes , mostly training trammg ShIPS ShIPSHer shipsHer shipsHer Her aerial aenal personnel of 50 000 m in mcludmg ineluding ineluding cludmg eluding 7 000 or 8,000 8000 , pilots is well wellorgamzed wellorganized wellorganized orgamzed organized and effective effechve , but not well wellequIpped wellequipped wellequipped wellequippedRussia equIpped equippedRussia Russia is said to hive hve , no more morethan morethan morethan than 400 or 500 first class planes planesImltahve planesimitative planesimitative Imltahve imitative of American and French Frenchphnes Frenchplanes Frenchplines phnes planes , the others are obsolescent obsolescentAn obsolescentN . N ' " .R R .R4wnv " * < . 4wnv } ' w a ah 1 h ' \ Q fD fDr \ r 'V-/i\ 'V V i / \ " ' - a 'Vi.J sa r s t tAn .J J . ) An English army : airman urman in m parachute para para- parachute parachute - chute maneu\ maneu maneut maneuvers maneuers \ ers above IIenlow I1enlow Ilenlow . , despite their thClr recent successes m in mSpam inSpain inSpain Spam Spain However IIo\/ever IIo ever Hotrever \ / , , Russia has the thebenefit thebenefit thebenefit benefit of capable foreign desIgners desIgnersengmeers designersengineers designersengineers engmeers engineers , foremen metallurgists metallurgistsand metallurgistsand and mechanics mechamcs and has shotmmarked sho\m sho m shotm shommarked sho\/nmarked sho nmarked \ / marked imitative ability She iswilling IS ISwIlhng iswilling wIlhng willing to spend money and her labor la labor labor bor is cheap She builds foreignairplane foreign foreignaIrplane foreignairplane aIrplane engines engmes under license Andof And Andof Andof of recent months her airplane production pro producllon production ducllon duction has speeded to the pomt point pomtwhere pointwhere pointwhere where it lt is the greatest in m EuropeDespite Europe EuropeDespite Despite the fact that 9000 9 000 cIvIlIan cIvIlIanpilots civilianpilots civilianpilots pilots were trained tramed last yeai yea1 . , that thatglidmg thatgliding thatgliding glidmg gliding and parachute jumping are arenow |