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Show Italy Feels the .Pinch Pinch .Pinchof Pinchof . of Sanctions Sanctions1 ' " -\-1 1 - ' ' " " \ - ' ' ' A 'w'gwnvkm wgwnvkm ' ' e M arn + 4b " / 1 ( x I c cIasi . Iasi f fa'0x fa0x ' rY rYx 7 r ' ( 9ti , M Mf Mh f h 1 k N , ; 1 1 1a a Y s N l Y asi asieol eol ' ' \ \ y Scr Scrp ' , ntj1k j1k ; p 'C C QyoKy QyoKynt nt , Y2d 1p J / , ' Clv .t t . 1 1a a " + . , a n p1 p1s s r , 3r 3rlh , lh V.eAT VeAT . pr prf / r tr t ta a ' " c f t c cM M S Si i u"ise uise u"iseI " 1I I I i r 1 1e a } " " 4 db p ' s3t s3ts s r rr i e N Z , : 'f f ' ' 14\ 14 14see \ t tN a 1 1k k ' 4 ' Y g . A . " p k l n y yg . . , 1 g e x k kk k " i see j 7 7a a yJ yJi i a ar aK ( ai i r K ' ' \ n N NY Y ' J , M eY eYa eYn a n . > ' 4 a aN N ' av 0111 The precious fuel shown gushing forth from the earth at the right Is the biggest need today ot of Mus Mussolin Mussolinl solin solinl I , shown In Inset How young Italians take pride In turning over their valued private possessions to the gov government government ernment to help It . beat . the pressure of sanctions may be seen at the upper left Lower left are Romano and andAnna andAnna Anna Marie , children of the dictator , turning over their personal Jewels to the government By WILLIAM C UTLEYCAN UTLEYAN UTLEY AN oil 011 sanctions stop tbewar thewar the tbe thewar CAN war ? The answer seems to be'yes beyes be 'yes yes ' yes " ! It If f the league can C'ln Cln cm ' suc sue succeed sueteed sueceed ceed teed In cutting off all a11 oil sIupmrnts shipments shipmentsto sIupmrntsto to I Italy t1.l t1l . y . . : Estimates 1stlmates of the epertsrecently expertsrecently evperts eperts experts . : recently assigned by the League Le'lgue Lelgue ' ofAatlons of hatlonb Aatlons atlon : . to make ma1.e ma1e . a survey of the situatlon sitnation sit uatlon nation Indicate that th'lt thlt ' six or se\en se en sewn seenmonths sewnmonths se\enmonths se enmonths \ months of a complete oil 011 embargo embargowould embargowould embargowould would bring II Il Duce to cease cel"e cele : " hIs hIsoperations hisoperations hisoperations operations In EthiopiaMany 1thioPl1lInny : Ethiopia 1thioPl1 EthiopiaMany \ Many l\Inny l Inny qualifying ' factors f'lctors flctors may m'l ml miv ' al alter alter altcr ter the situation As a mattci mattel matter of offact offact offact fact , the longer the League of Na NatIons Nations Natlons tIons ponders the ndvis advis advlsibllltv ndvisblllt \blllt\ blllt ibillty \ bllltof \ " of ap np appI npplying applying pI plying : } Ing oil 011 sanctions-the sanctions the sanctions - the longer thedelaythe the thedel thedelav del delay-the delay the a athe : } -the the - the longer Italy It'lly Itlly ' \ will III be able ableto ableto ableto to hold bold out after sanctions begin vegln to tobe tobe tobe be enforced enCorced I or she Is reported to tobe tobe tobe be storing oil 011 at a rapidly rapldh rapldls Incre1s increas Incre1sing increasfag increasing ing fag rate r'ltc rltc ' ; tlie tile the " way 1.y 1y . in which Amerl Ament Amerlcan Amentcan American can oil 011 shipments to Italy hae hase hasemore ha\ ha havemore \ e more than doubled normal propor proporHons proportions propertions Hons tions ! Is s an indication IndlC'ltion IndlCltion ' of , what \ h1t Is Ish1ppcnlng ishappening ishappening h1ppcnlng happening bet\\ bet between beteen \ \ een Italy and other othern'ltlons othernations othernations n'ltlons nltlons nations ' L\ L rs Even Len \ en Rumania TIumanla , one of the thestnunchest thestaunchest thestaunchest stnunchest staunchest supporters of the sanc sane sanctlons sanedons sanetions tlons dons idea idla . , Is mere mcre ising 1smg her petrol petrolshipments petrolshipments petrolshipments shipments to Italynormally ! Italy talv ItalyJSormally JSormally ormally normally , , Italy uses uscs 1 1500000 1500000tons 1'300 1300 : ; ' 00000 00000tonl 000tons tonl tons ) of oil 011 annually annua11) annua11 ) With 1\'rth 1 'rth rth \ ' the \ waroperations ar arOper'ltlOns aroperations Oper'ltlOns OperltlOns operations ' , , nogoing now no\\ no \ going forward In InIthiopla InEthiopia InEthiopia Ithiopla Ethiopia : , slie she now is burn burning In . ; It up up'tt upat upat 'tt tt at ' the tbe rate r.lte rlte . of 2 2500000 500 [ ; 00 000 tons Ofher Ofher Of her normal Importations o of [ 1 1300 1500,000 1500000 OO , , 000 tons annually annl1'1l1y annl11l1y ' , Rumania Humania fur furnishes furnishes furnishes nishes about allout 35 Jj 33 ; per cent , Hus Russia la 22 22per 22per 22per per cent , , Persian sources ( con controlled controlled controlled trolled by Great Britain ) 12 per percent percent percent cent , Latin Amcncan Amellcan American sources ( abo also aboI abocontrolled alsocontrolled ah ocontrolled controlled by Great Britain Bntam to a alarbe alarge alarfee I larbe large e extent .tent tent . ) ) 14 per cent cent , , , tlie the Unit United United United ed States 10 per cent and all other othersources othersources othersources sources 7 per centDuring cent centDuring . During tlie the past p'lst plst ' year , , ss \ when \ hen It'lly Itlly Italy It'llyImported Italyimported ItalyImported ' Imported 2 2500000 500 000 tons , , Humanl'1n Humanl1n ltumanlan Humanl'1nshipments ltumanlanshipments Rumanianshipments ' shipments leaped to 41 per cent of ofthe ofthe ofthe the total ; Russia nussla shipped 1C 10 per percent percent percent cent , Persia Per&la Perla & 15 per cent , Latin LatinAmerica LatinAmerica LatinAmerica America 15per 15 - Ter -per per ? cent , the United UnitedStates UnitedStates UnitedStates States G per cent and other otber sources sources7 7 per cent . Because of the delay In the ap applicatIOn application application plicatIOn of oil 011 sanctions , it Is be- be believed believed be believed - - lieved that th'tt thtt ' Italy can C'1n C1n cm ' go along alongthrough alongthrough alongthrough through the rainy season and pick pickup pickup pickup up her military mUltary operations In au autumn auturn autumn autumnFresh tumn turn a tumnFresh aFresh Fresh Supplies Arc Are Problem . The tempoiar tempolar temporary : } let down In fight fightIng fighting fightIng Ing " will "Ill Ill make possible the saving of ofconsIderable ofconsiderable ofconsiderable consIderable oil on , and will wUl tbus thus thusstretch thusstretch tretch stretch out the period of Italy's Italys ' 're- 're re 'reprIcse ' ra- ra raprke re reprieve - - prieve prk\e prk e prIcse \ " a few more months How Howlong Howlong Howlong long after that th'lt thlt ' time \ Mussolini 1\1usso11nl 1 1usso11nl can canhlCP cankeep cankeep hlCP keep going depends upon his success successIn successin successIn In securing fresh supplies suppHes . ' ' Ihe 'Ihe 'llie llie answer an.mer anmer anssser ' . to this lies largely largelywith largelywith largelywith with the nations who are not mem memo mem- memobus members members - bers bus of the league llfiue . ; The UnIted UnItedStates UnitedStates UnitedStates States has bas not yet et made up Its mind mind"hether mindwhether mindwhether "hether hether whether " It Its new neutrality act wl1l will wl1lcontaIn willcontain willcontain contaIn the provision that exports exportsto to belligerent e1llgerent nations must not ex cced ceed Geed their normal proportions One Onelof Oneof Oneof lof of the things holding up the league leagueembargo leagueembargo leagueembargo embargo , of course coursc . , Is the ( fact act that thatmember thatmember thatmember member nations are waiting until It Itcan itcan Itcan can be determined \ what shat hat kind of IlC ac IlCtion action action tion " will "Ill Ill be taken tahen by the tbe non Don mem member member member ber nationsIt ntlonsIf nationsIf nations n\tlons n tlons ' \ It If Italy can keep bu buying Ing oil 011 from fromnon fromnon fromnon non member nations cations , the members membersw111 memberswill memberswill w111 will fa face .e e < . the possibility poslbllity . , of losing a agood agood agood good share of their oil 011 business for fora fora fora a long time to come , . If not perma permanently permanently pcrmanently nently . . Some of them theta are trying to tn In Ing to toconsole toconsole toconsole console thern&elvcs thernelvcs theumelses thern & eh es Into thInkln thinking thinkingthat thinkingthat ! , ; that Immediate losses will not bevery VI be bevery ' very Important Iml'ortn.nt Imlortn.nt Imlortnnt ' . be bee bet < . iuse lUse tuse a settle settle- settlement settlement settlement - - ment may mny be effected within the thenext thenext the-next the next - next few monthsItaly monthsItaly months monthsItaly Italy Is attempting attcllll.tlng attclllltlng . to ameliorate ameliorateits Its own ' situ 3Itu itlon Itlun ttion through the all adop adoption aduption lip lipI liptlon I tlon tion of substitutes suhstltutes for fur oil 011 , and the thevulJdlng thebuilding tliebuilding vulJdlng building of new factories factorlts , Inblal install ImlaIlI ImlaIlII ImlaIlItlon , ) t ttion ition tlon tion of transforinera tr'1l1sforllllrB tr1l1sforllllrB transforncrs ' , , and slmllur similur slmllurprepnratlons similurpreparations similarpreparations I prepnratlons preparations areeIl are \ well \\eIl eIl under wuy wuyTill wuyTliL wayTlii Till TliL . , pro process .ess ess < . , , even when It gets glts mov moy- moy mov- mov movlug moving - - lIng moylIng ing lug \ well sell ell . , Is a n clI costly < ; l1y one , however however.and howeverand . , Ilnd and It la Is doubtful whether Italy's Italys ' solution to the problem of oil 011 sanc sane sanc11on sanetion sanetion 11on tion $ lies in that direction Some Someestimates Someestimates Someestimates estimates place phce the total annual annualsuIng annualsaving annualsaving suIng saving In oil on by that means me'lns melns ' could couldbe couldbe couldbe be only about 110 110000 000 tonsLimit tons tonsLimit Limit U . . S Export . . If the United States does doe'3 doe3 ' adopt adoptthe adoptthe adopttlie the kind hind of neutrality neutr'llity neutrllity ' la law " advo advocated advocated advocated cated by Piesldcnt Plesldent I'tesident Itesident ' Roosevelt TIoosevelt and andSecretar andSecretary andSecretary Secretar Secretary : } of State Hull lIull Ilull , the Le'lgue Lelgue League Leaguecould Le'lguecould Leaguecould ' could then be ve assuicd assUlcd assured that th'lt thlt ' Italy Italywould It'll Itll Italiwould ' : } woultl would not receh receive recelte e moie mOle mote than 200 200,000 200000 , 000 tons of oil 011 annually fiom flom from Ameli Amerl Amelican Amerlcan Ameilcan can producens producell producers producensIf producersIf ) If American shipments slllpments are un unlImited unlimited unlimited lImited , . the League Le'lgue Lelgue ' has another anotherc1rd anothercard anothercard c1rd card which it could play pl'1Y pl1Y pliy ' , , ho\\ ho hoc hoever howeverMost \ ever ever'lost everHost 'lost lost Host ' of tlie the oil 011 tan t'lnl tlnl tint ' ! crs ers ens in use are areowned areowned owned 0 " ned by British BrWh . , and candinavhn Scandinavian Scandinavianinterests Scandinavianinterests candinavhnintere.t intere.t interet interests . American Amerlc'ln Amerlcln ' shipments mi might mightbe mightbe ht htve ve be matel mateilally materially hlly cut by den denying : } ing the theUnited theUnited theUnited United States the use of these t1nh tank t1nhers tankens tankers tankersMeanwhile ers ens erslIean ensMeanwhile l\Iean\\ l Iean \ Meanwhile lIean1111e \ 1111e , Italy has been adc.1mg adc1mg adding addingto adc.1mgto . to lier her 0\\ 0 own 0n \ n fleet of t.1nkel t1nkel tankeis tankers . s ACCOl Accoid Accoidlug Accoiding d dIng Ing lug to tlie the League transport tr\nsport tr nsport ' \ sub subCOillUllttee subcommittees subcommittees COillUllttee committees s estimate , Italy no now " has has82 82 ships shlls { w \ wliicli hich Lich total approxlmatel approximately approximately3x0 approximately3oGOOO : } J 3x0 ; : > G 000 tons There are tankers tanhers In Inthe Inthe intlie the It Itilian 111.1n 1111n . na\ na nawll1ch nary navv \ : } which wll1ch might be In Included ineluded Ineluded cluded eluded , and " which hich " would "ould ould could add ac.1d ac1d . anothel another anotliei70000 70000 70 000 tons It has been estimated estimatedthat estimatedthat estimatedtliat that Italmight Italy Ital\ Ital \ " might herself be able to totransport totransport totransport transport some 2 2000000 000 000 tons annu annu- annu1 annually annu- annu annually annually - - ally from ports oqJ oqJthe o % the Gulf of Me Mee Meeleo MetSco MetScoUndoubtedly . : 1 ico leo icoUndoubtedly leoUndoubtedly Undoubtedly , If 11 ' " sanctions 1.nctlons 1nctlons . on 011 oil 011are oilare oilarc are declared dcclarec.1 dcclarec1 . the League Lea6ue , would could \ ould de- de declare declare de declare - - clare a prohibition on the sale of oftanhers oftankers oftankers tanhers tankers to Italy Ital It'll Itll ' : } , , thus pre\ pre preenting presenting preventinghci presentingher \ enting entinghel hel her from building bundlng up her tanker tankerHeet tankerIeet tankerlleet Heet Ieet any more than she has alread already alreadydone alreadydone : } done Also , , It Is probable that tImt the theLeague theLeague theLeague League would forbid the movement movementof of tan tankers hers sailing s'lillng slillng ' to Italian ports portsTo portsTo portsTo To accomplish this and to pre present presentthe preventtli , ent entthp thp the ' shipment of oil 011 In contaIners contaInerscarried containerscarried containerscarried carried by other types of , vessels e"Sels eSels sessels " , , it it"ould itwould Itwould "ould ould would " probably be necessary to de declare dedare dedare clare dare na\ na naval naal nasal \ al blockades blochades This Is too toomuch toomuch toomuch much lIl like e " war "ar ar , ' and 1nd the League Is Ise.ceedlngly isexceedingly Isexceedingly e\.ceedlngly e.ceedlngly e .ceedlngly ceedlngly exceedingly ' \ . " wary "ary ary about 1m insokrng insokrngthe Invokingthe ohmg ohmgthe the blockade'Ihere blockade lochade blockadeThere ' There 'Ihere Ihere 1 here Is little likelihood IIkellhood that new newtan1.els newtankers newtankeis tan1.els tan1els tankers . would be purchased b by byAmerican byAmeiican Amulcan American Inteiests IntClests to carry c'lrry clrry ' on a a"artlme asiartrme awartime "artlme artlme siartrme " trade " with "l1h l1h Italy The Tbe pol polIcy policy polIcy Icy of the administration admhllstratlon Is too toocle'1r tooclear tooclear cle'1r cle1r clear ' against aaInst . ; aiding a nation at atar atwar atwar \\ar ar war \ at any time . The Ubual u.ual uual usual : . amount of reglmenta regimenta reglmentatlon regimentation rcglmentation tlon tion of a people under a dictator dictatorship dictatorship dictatorship ship lias has multiplied multIplled many times timessince timessince timessince since the 53 nations declared eco ceo economic ceonomic economic nomic sanctions on Italy . The government has declared 1m im 1mport import Import port monopolies monopolles on hundreds of ofItems ofitems ofItems Items , from meat ment and an ( ] fish flsh to things thingslike thingslike thingslike like moving picture films To protect pro pro- protect protect - tect the gold reserve the National NationalInstltute NationalInstitute NationalInstitute Instltute Institute for Foreign rorelgn ' Exchange Lchange Iechange : ' { was wasnutholized wasnutiioiized wasauthoilzed nutholized nutiioiized to control all transac transactlons transactions transactlons tlons tions Involving the precious metal metalCitizens metalCitizens metalCitizens Citizens or corporations may not notsell notsell notsell sell or exchange gold until untl ] they theyhae theybase theyhave ha\e ha e base \ offered olTered It to the government r'nritrnmont rnritrnmont ' . - . which agrees to return It In the thesame thesame thesame same amount and quality \ within ssithln Ithln a ayear ayear ayear year , \ with Ith |