Show E S FISH INDUSTRY I I i lL Bureau of or Fisheries s. s KERMEN HERMEN ARE RE AIDED BY 1 GOVERNMENT T ci l Attention Is Paid by Uncle Sam iSam to Important Important Important tant Industry I Ii i SCIENTISTS DENTISTS STUDY PISCATORIAL NEEDS t I lestocK Depleted d W Waters aters Transport and nd Care for for- forY Spawn BY y J. J HASKIN Th e of or the supply of or naLin nal nat iu io various parts puts of or the coun coun- i to the thc c establishment ta li in fl 1 1ST Sj If of commission n fl which is s now ep D n tho bureau of fi fisheries lId and andt of tho the depart depart- J t the thC if commerce and IId b labor or 1 Tn In n it its m 0 of existence this bu- bu us u- u two o 13 s a accomplished an tin almost t B amount of good work in iu tc c. c of or orthe the thc jut jut- rin a better fco recognition tr flute of h cultivation and In Jul the beginning the Bureau or orl l ii ion on was 15 only oib given i cn authority investigation as 15 to tho of the 1 rs of or fish both oat an and in iii th the interior waters lter in tz developed the possibility ty of or ion ion- Jn practical service in the way ay of oC 11 ing n the full sh to remedy the thc de- de 4 t iw ami in fl recognition of or this fact n f om time tu to time has 1113 in in- t old iou 1 r lt I Jt S. S rs V ss I i- i w 0 tJ tko jho o omo mo most t important agents in In Hi t l c C. C rim and in increase of oC th the f fo I of the nation k 4 nt oC of all as ts the work of r the te bu bureau reau reez ii U is tow row conducted attention is JS irto to the conservation on of all aJl Much uch of the decrease of ic One td the fact that in the Ji ll were caught and without to their si si nil IDd condition and the sacrifice of fe fc- 4 ulc during the thc spawning season leant nt J the lo loss s of the spawn from r th the supply J. J of oC young joung oun fish for fu fu- yc hould properly come conic l Tor o lu Q fish hatcheries rie were esta i s fd d and anI aran arrangements were made matJe to ate ITC aye the tho j li pre elu the tho fi fish h gs and turn them over to the thc got gov- 0 officials who i provided cl f. f hatching them and anil afterward the young fish where tho thio ted led d i as greatest reute t. t itch ratch Ith Millions of ot E Eggs FA r. most important feature fe turc of this ork has baa been in connection with wilb t the e Od fisheries lon along th the New Ln England O in t. t y One na o of or the thc most important of States tte ti fisheries jes stations i is at t Here are nrc U millions of t h C eggs JS each 3 year rear ear lt n the tho 01 fi fishermen go ii out in ill their WU b- b sometimes for a trip of or they carry arr with them thorn the ap- ap aratu wui provided r olk by Lr the government for fori i preservation and the fertilization c egg cs taken from the fi fish h. h In II 1 tb the yonn fis fish or fry irv arc arcK tI K Continued on OL pt page c 2 i FISHERMEN ARE AIDED B NM NT 0 Continued from froin page 1 raised to supplement those that are hatched batched in the natural manner mauner It is la claimed that a much lar larger er per percentage outa 13 of tho the e eggs lis' lis are hatched artificially thanin than thanin thanin in th the natural state as M they are kept undisturbed and th the conditions are ro bet bet- ter For par the securing of these there eggs a aman aman aman man employed ed b by the government o goes oes upon the vessels in iu u New England and collects them In other parts of the Country they V arc are frequently brought in into into into to the hate hatcheries y b b. b the fishermen and andin andin in somo some instances ar are sold t to t tho o wort ovi eminent Th There re are aro two thirty main main hatching stations and arid two ninety auxiliaries in thirty one stat states s all operated b by b the United Unit d States bureau of fisheries and during the year ending June Tuno un 30 1912 1913 tho the output was more mor than fry over fin fingerlings s year lings hugs s and adult fish besides 2 fish e eggs gs consigned to the tho hatcheries ll which are aronow now being operated by dif states and nd which were were shipped to foreign u governments Most mast Olt of oUt these ese fish planted were of th the kind mo most t valuable for food euch such as 35 the Pacific coast salmon ealmon 3 yellow perch cod mackerel pike perch flatfish and lobster There Thee ire hatcheries upon tb the great lakes akes and b bj by special arrangement with the thc Canadian D government the United States bureau a oi of fisheries con conducts conducts ducts tw two cr egg collecting stations for tor white whito fish cisco and l like lake ko trou trout at points in in Ontario In In Inthe the inland states there a number f ht i ar are a number of hatcheries s which are aro chiefly enga engaged od in the production of eggs eggs' s' s of rainbow trout land locked salmon brook br ok trout bass pike and nd drum fish Recently the bureau has un undertaken tip preservation of pf a a. large number of tish fish obtained b by the o overflow of the upper Mississippi valley In the low Jow lowlands lowlands lands tb the w waters outers rec recede ao leavira o in disconnected dis connected pools poola which either eitner dr dry up lip 01 or if thor they remain until winter fr froc c fl solid so teO that the fish ar lost lot By seining tb those se waters the bureau obtain ob oh tain lar large c numbers of those fish tish ruff return some somo of them to their nat native nato o streams ms Bud and distribute others t to ti rid rid- jf wai waters rs Iou Long trains tr of cars ears arc rc employed cm durin during tho the summer in moving tn the j fish thus saved Travel in Palace Falace Cars It was as surely an in ingenious enious American Amen Ameri can who T devised c the tho fi fish h tr u porta tion cars which are aro used by tho bu bu- reau resu Theo cars ears contain taul tanks s in m which the thc are arc placed and if nc necessary necessary essary ice may be added to keep tb the tho water wat r at the tho required temperature In Tn Inthe the tho transportation tion of or s such sch ch delicate fib fi h has as brook trout there thero ii jf great eat dan danger cr if it the tho water becomes too warm and and n arri arrangements arc are always alas made mado to have c i iho tho ho ice ite ice pro provided at certain station along along- tho the route The cars are ro at attached attached at- at t to to the tho f fastest trains in order that no time be lost and they are equipped qu pp d with the tho bc best t possible prin e-prin springs s sto to avoid the tho slightest unnecessary unnecessary jolt iol to delicate passengers D The comfort com cont fort of I the att attendant s is not o cr looked for the tho cars r are aie supplied with comfortable movable mo seats for the day time and Pullman sleeping in berths borths for thc tl ni night ht Frequently fh fish h eggs will willbo willbo bo ba hatched batched in the he tanks upon these cars while bile thor they are arB traveling si at the I I rate of sixty 07 miles an hour r f One of the mos mos- most important t nt f Lune- Lune c. c fJ h n of work of the toe bureau of fisheries 6 is its b bo biological o ical in intia investigation tia tion ion which is bring being continually continual in- in I cre created lcd During the tho past year vc r considerable considerable consid consid- erable attention has j been e n CM given hen en to the hive investigation of or parasitic larval lan I stager ta of two kinds of mu inu mussels sels els valuable t to pc pearl rl button maker maken which b have c heretofore here bore b been eD puzzling to scientists The pear pearl earl mussel r resources our s of the Cumber Cumber- Cumberland land and Illinois and Arkansas as rivers as aswell aswell aswell well as of t oral e streams ams of or Minnesota Minnesota Minne sota have hsie been studied and aud the tho ru ru- suits published jn in some omo circulars it is cd believed will be bo of value ahie bott to l fishermen and to button manufacturers In this work tho hu Bu Bureau rt reau resu au has baa the tho act active no eo cooperation op ration of or the tho I professors and the laboratories of the thc i of Iowa Minnesota and Missouri Fish Have Too AU Attention has ba al alfo also o been given i n to the diseases of f fish b. b Tb The ory dico cry o of 01 can ean cancerous cans cerous and other growths O has caused much study j for the tho last te teI tenI ten I ears Certain tl typos types s of cancer c appear 1 ro to o bo more frequent than others in dom domesticated d fish and cancer of f the I thyroid gland land has has bas been observed at t various time times in- in is trout and anal salmon at hatchery ber stations ti Of or late tb the disease b has bas appeared to bo be upon upon the tho increase and the tho bur bureau au has made a number U of fn investigations 8 which go zo to indicate cate that this is r result of certain cerin of the streams tream If this theory e c. c can P D b bp established and the thc oft of toe the e disease localized the serious losses of tho artificially hatched batched Salmon ealmon and trout each year jear ear cau can be largely cly o er come Tho acclimatization of certain kinds of fish and ands their transfer from th the waters of one ont locality to those of another another an oth other i i is a R subject f upon pon which continual experiments u a are i in pr o gre is and d th the rec re I c fulls have already proved to b bo be o of tn great st economic value duc The za lion Hon of shad along the Pacific coast bR has bas been one of t ho greatest tt achieve a le e m menla Db in m Aside from the financial consideration tion the tho tho e wa was noteworthy because of t the e in m in transporting shad across across' the continent as ns far back hack as 1871 w b ben the tho first fuet planting of nf f shad fry w was was s made mado in the tho Sacramento river au and i the these o were added to toor for nine nin ti tine the years Tn In 53 1873 the shad had w were re taken to California but b by 1886 1986 it b had bad d b become omo ono ono o of f the most im important food fishes in California waters and nd is 19 now now f found from r m Pu Puget ct sound to the tha Los Lo An Angela county coast The introduction of ot striped d bass from the New Ne J Jersey to the tho Pacific coast t b has bas s been el equally ful Iu return the west has con tri d a number Dumber of new fish to eastern east eaRt- ern waters one ono of them being th the rain bow trout trout which is ill is fast faitt becoming one I of the bc best t known fish ish in int th the eastern stern I states slates Its success in tho the m mountain re region jo 1 has been especially gratifying It is is' is not designed des ed as as' as a 3 amal arival rival mal to the brook trout ri native e tho to to this r region on but rather as a substitute for fora a specie has has' become 5 scarce scarce chiefly because of mod modern rn industrial conditions Introduce Foreign Strangers A 1 ui l number of world fish ha have c also been introduced hero bera with ith good results the best beat I known Don being tho the German erman carp This Thin fish has ban b been cn subjected to a good tood deal doal of criticism but as a Ii commercial commercial commer commer- cial ciul proposition it its introduction n was a 3 success 8 It supports special cid fisheries in fifteen states and is is r regularly Jarly tak taken n for tor market in nearly all of or them Its sales amount t to more than pounds annually which affords consid considerably over hat half a a. million dollars to 10 1 I a tb Ebo he fi fishermen h and i it t is Caught bt with it mow l lets lew time le expense nse and risk than InOt r c. c other ari of fish The first investigations ti earned carried o for tor the tho purpose of studying the coo t of deep deep sea pea fish fieh wore wore ore mid operation co-operation u of tb J possible b by b- tho the United States navy n which place placed t i small mall all steamer at th the disposal of pf the f f commission B But t as as the need became pw 1 apparent nt facilities for this work wet were rf p pro bv pv v special fro from There are arc were we're now t vessels cesele ua un J i congress conre tho direction of tho bureau of or f. f The h Hawk was built in a men then an and ana 1 carries a It crew of forty five of til strops grog tons tont burden It has ha hama madel ma madelan coastal condition an exploration tion of tho the from Maino Maine to Texas and b has been bees uita extensively lr in the tho hatching of of had and other r fish which tho the bureau W I distributed to the different streams stream alon along t the c coast fl of ot of The especial pride of tho the bureau fisheries s is is tho Albatross a beautiful i Q twin screw rew steamer with 1074 tOIl t d placement placement- which was nas as built c especial for or its ib u c at a first cost of oC rb The equipment of officers officer and men in numbering about ninety is fur furnished b bhe the he navy and thorn thoro 18 is in addition 1 ij small c civilian inn staff including a resu r 51 dent naturalist and aDd a n fishery export to whom tho the practical work of th the vessel eI is d. The Tho The vessel has baa made throe three extended cruises to the fOut and eastern parts of or the tho Pa iq numerous isi visits s to Japan IIa 4 1 wail Avail and Rod Alaska and a number or of bash sumo's 5 surveys of the Pa Pacific coast I n It completed a biological fU survey ey C pf Qt the Phil Philippine pine archipelago eln o. o in which i it if bal R ae comp some sonio of the tho deepest ocean on en record ar C. C Inside o THE FISH INDUSTRY III nI Ott On tho the Now New England Coast I ITHE |