Show Important for Fruit Drawn from Experience The United States department ot of ago ag recently issued It a bulletin on irrigation In fruit growing by Proto Prof IC E EJ J on ot of the University Of Call fornia ThIs Thill bulletin was waa prepared under time direction of 01 time the irrigatIon investigatIOn branch of the dillee of stations Wick lIOn eon points out hI tile IntroductIon that tIme the fruit gro grower In all except a few tew of the most mOlt humid regions or of time the country In may a look upon C a water supply available for Cor one when desirable RS as an element of great value and fin an assurance urance of safety In ills hili business For this reason time O f is II bf be becoming coming tar far more than a sectional qUN quee lion tion In this the knowledge ge ot of It II which h isis been gemmed It iy a experience In one ope b lie com comes of practical advantage In iii every section TIme The time has hall come corne when fruit truit growers everywhere must mUll under understand stand the elementary facts at al least ot of time the relation of Irrigation to fruit trull grow growIng growing Ing Nowhere In the world Is III fruit grow growing ing more highly developed than han In Call Calf nowhere In this his more valuable 11 or more mare h peeved and handled bandied ears enoe In fruit 1 dates dAlea tIme the early cari fathers and nd In th bull tin ProfesSor hu has summed BUmmed up tb the that thal h have been learned In that thal State from that time to tha pro r rent ent Irrigation as first In li forum In Water along the rows row ot Of fruit at Intervals ot of time no effort being made to secure Cure Curea a deep penetration of the soil 1011 or to N ms tam t the moisture In the sOil 11 Later Iter tl It was discovered that thoroUgh then would no 0 tar the moisture from time till winter ratha In many mal years good Mit crops crol could be raised without thom irrigation Q But BUl frequent crop cp faIlures led to a ren wal of t I Irrigation ga tIo 11 In man many eases cues this was carried to ex excess cess ce so that overgrown Insipid fruit was produced This produced It a prejudice against the whole SJ system of artificial application of water conclusions In reo re regard gard to the y between the of dry farming and ot of la Is that the object sought alter after Ip 11 Ipa IL a full DrOp crop ot of perfect fruit every year 1181 and that mol moisture ture Is II enough to produce timis whether It comes comee from fromn rainfall or from Irrigating ditches and antl that Irrigation Is necessary whenever time the best bell work has been dune donti for tor moll mole ture reception t and d moisture retention and still this tre tree Ibo shoWS ilni ot of dl dIe dIetress 1 tress The signs of distress are aff too light color j small mall or wilting leave short CUd and thin wood growth and dying hack back ot of youn shoots or I leaves sometimes result tr from m other eau causes than time lack of at moisture but whenever any of them appear an examInation of the wI soil should tie be med md It If It is II dry and hard or dust th the triOs need water waler The of moisture are aj poor growth poor fruit and Th time tIle time to Irrl irrigate gate ate Winter Irrigation can be In warm arm climates when there la is laa isI I a deEp retentive soil 01 summer ummer Irrigation lion tion is II ur sometImes In the tim early summer lummer just before the fruit rl nl to give it Il site Ite sometimes s jut just after atter the fruit I is to tAl eDt enable ble the tree to form buds for Cor tb next season aon tan fall Ir will prevent fall 1 bloom but must be guarded In cold climates so 0 that trees may hArden their Rew growth betre the cold win wintel winter tel ter Professor lev leaves time the large And reservoIr to the engineers and discusses th the small a affair that I is within the reach of the individual or 01 41 1 few tew farmer farmr working The small mall ditch is III described III as differing r In no way from time the drain or mill ace of time the humid region anti and the construction of the small Storage r reservoir I is described In detail Dr the u use of Il a smell rotor voir a lIttle tittle stream tream from a spring or windmill which would if Ie left to be lod within It a Mort its Ita Uree tan lOan itO bt stored and made to water an n acre re or two of fruit ah and I add d many tim times time the coat of the to Ut U value ot of the crop The underflow my may be amid to tim the Surface by dents am In the courses of somali streams by or wen wells run running ning to lo tJ time strata or orb orby b by pumps The various means of conveying wet wat water weter er to time the fIelds where It 11 II to be pied J Jare are described iii detail the and of at each being given riven Systems ot of applying water to the tite lend Ind are at length The ob Sects to lo be In distributing wat water water er are given Iven U as follows a 1 of moIsture vent evenly the soil to a as a depth a as providing It does lIoe not sink beyond yond the ot of the plant by root extension nor beyond recovery ver by capillary rI miss bl b Economy Of labor both bolh in II aggregate Item and In the of operating without the employ meat of e ectra tra b da Ce e Economy of wt In the 1 of waste wast b by overflow or eva or by rapid arid l placing time the water where It Will III do the most mOlt od Cd d Leaving time the land In tIm best belt for with lIh let iut labor a 1 condl condi ot of conserves mol moisture ture aM at t tIme the same lam time thrift In the plant plan I most mOlt nearly attain th these ends In a certain soil and is 11 time the bt best for that tha t certain Instance object cn be most nearly Marly Itt at tamed b by running water Waler through small furrows II lor together usually about two feet tet apart This tab can not be beu u used d on land having a heavy grade or where vertical I Is nor where grass r or other are grown row between the row rOWS of tr In those cases scat system ot of floodIng must mut be Unless the lend Iud r ji level cheeks checkl will be necessary t to I the water rushing ov r the lanh end nd oft off at atthe t the lower side Ilde lid apI to 10 insure time the timor thoro wetting of all 11 parts of time Checks Checka ar are usually made mad In such uch a way as aa to I r from coming In conte the trees which IS ad aLl alI vantage The implements lor br these ch kl are described antI and tiles by Clean In orchards is II mecom mended because e It renders Possible a condition of to don tIon serve the l moIsture Applied and antl hermits root Cn Clean culture however ten teeds to the humus In th time 1011 When I is plenty or water and plum ty Iy of plant rood food for hoiSt bolh this fruit trees tree and anet Il a cover caver croP It Is If to grow Irow alfalfa or clover In inthe tile the orchard It soil eoll tempera tore and time the o of which bleb sometimes burns young trees UMI and adds hU to time oIl Professor p out the ad advantages van vantages fI to fruit growers growe In regions where Is 18 unknown that will coma a ly of water for use In dry years Time The saving Ing of ft a crop will more than pay for tor the outlay necessary tt t place an orchard perma penna the reich ciC o drought This Thill bulletin can tie obtained by up p plyIng to the of Agriculture D B C |