Show S GREAT WORLDS WORLD'S FAIRS FAIRS FAIRS' S. S B By F Frederic J. J Haskin S F rr abl certain that either cither IT New cw Orleans Orlenn or San Francisco will I celebrate tho limo completion and openIng opening open- open Ing Ins of ot the tho Panama canal nal by a ii great International exposition In lii 1 1915 1 This will make mako the tho seventh event c of ot the tho kind kindon kindO O on this side Bide of oC Atlantic to commemorate commemorate orate ate noteworthy anniversaries In our ouri i history The preceding preceding preS- preS pre pre- ceding ones tho the centennial ex exposition eX- eX position In Phila Phila- delphia 1876 thu In Chicago Chi Chi- Cl ago cago I 1893 tho ho hoI Louisiana purchase I In St St. 1 i A 6 s. s 1 1301 i OI the Jami wn tercentenarY tercentenary ter ter- ter- ter t centenary or of settlement settlement settle settle- ment 1907 1007 the tho thoI S A I Lewis and Clark 4 centennial Portland Port Port- land Jond and tho the Alaska Amet Alas Alas- d t ka- ka ka Yukon at Seattle In 1909 This Idea Idoa of oC marking significant anniversaries ades In American annals showing our ur material material mate mat rial growth merely mere carries out the Idea launched by tho late President McKInley In his memorable last address at the exposition wherein he hG characterized characterized charac charac- these great great groat modern modem worlds world's fairs I aa as of oC progress s. s In no other way perhaps can cnn a a. great national en enterprise enterprise en- en such as the Panama canal be bemore moro more fittingly celebrated For flor the original Inception of ot Industrial I f fairs airs a rs we mutt must go back to the tho medieval fairs and marf markets ets such as those of oC St. St Denis lx la St. St Bartholomew Greenwich Gloucester and the old Vc Wey- Wey hlll hili fair lair In Hampshire which has probably probably probably I ably the tho greatest display of at sheep of or any fair In Great Gret t Britain St. St Faiths Faith's near Norwich Is the principal English dIsh fair for tor Scotch cattle but large numbers art are also als disposed of or at Market Harbor ough ou h. h Carlisle and Ipswich has two considerable fairs one ono in AUl August for tor lambs Jambs of which about are aio sold and one In September for tor butter hutter and cheese The Au August fall fair of ot Horncastle is the time Jar largest horse hono fair and Is resorted d to b by dealers not only from Great Grent Britain hut but also front from the continent and the United Halted States Throughout Europe and Asia great reat annual annual annual an an- nual fairs or bazars aro are of oC re regular occurrence occur- occur vance rence and great antiquity First though no long longer r of ot world wide Importance are of oC the on Frank- Frank the on Germany and especially especial especIal- ly lv those h held ld In and Brunswick Those Thol of oC Frankfort on on the the Main begin on Easter Tuesday and on tho the nearest Monday to September S 8 respectively and their legal duration Is three weeks though the tho limit is II re regularly extended Tho The greatest of oC the German Getman fairs are arc those of or whoso whose display of oC books hooks Is famous all fill over tho the world Its three fairs are arc dated January 1 Easter and The Easter one Is tho book bool fair lair which is attended by the principal hook book sellers of 01 Germany and by man many from adjoin adjoining In counties Most German publishers horl have agents at As As' many as new publications have been entered In a n single lo Leipsic catalogue Next in commercial and Industrial Interest In Interest In- In terest arc th the Rus Russian lan fairs the most celebrated being heln held In Nov Tho Tim January fair rail Is especially for tor timber timber tim tim- ber her and articles In wood and takes place on tho the frozen river Tho July fair fairIs fairis is devoted to the tho silo sale of oC hors horses s but th the tho Peter Paul fair beginning bc August E 6 and lasting until the end of ot September era cm- braces every known product of or A Asia Ata Ia and Europe and exceeds cds 1 in III magnitude all other fairs in tho world The traders present nt during dining this season often number 00 and comprise representatives 01 of o el y ei race and nation The Tho sales amount to neatly Tho The Russian gov- gov ov- ov erected a bazar hazar for tor storing furs shawls and tea and drew from each cach fair faira a 1 rent of oC This enormous building was destroyed h by fire nrc In 1861 Th Tim largest sl Indian fair lair and perhaps ps the largest In Asia is that of ot on tho the upper tipper Gan Gauges Ganges cs The Tho visitors to this holy fair Call number from to but ever every twelfth year there thero occurs a n special pilgrimage o to tho the sacred river when tho the numbers amount to a million or upward Those Thoro who go so solely for lor purposes purposes purposes pur pur- poses of trade trado are Mongolians Central and etan peddlers from tho the Punjab and the border states Persian shawls and carpets Indian silks cashmere shawls shawl cottons cotton preserved fruits ts spices dru drugs s. s together with immense numbers of or cattle hor horses eg es sheep and camels are brought to this famous fair fair- As man many manyas as four or live five hundred d elephants brok broken n nto to service aro are sold at this thill fair tall Tho The first In the great reat modern series erles or of International expositions was that of oC 1851 In Y London This was successfully successful carried out through h the tho Influence of ot Prince Albert tho the queen queens queen's s consort us ort who ho howa of or tho the London was wa as at that time president A building was society of line lino s artS c erected In Hyde park pirk for lor the accommodation tion of ot the tho objects entered for Cor tion Th The materials employed were almost al almost at- at most exclusively lh Iron and glass whence the tho structure the name of or Grys Crys Crys Crystal tat taJ palace a title which was sub nIu n- n u I to other similar structures tur lures tures notably In tho the ca cartA n of oC the New NewYork NewYork ew York crystal palace In 1853 the tho first worlds world's fair K hd 1 M on 11 this oils continent The city of ot Paris Parl must be regarded as the tho f forcing ground ot of f the modem od Inter Inter- Sr national nl exposition In 1887 1870 and 1900 world exhibits were held which were pr probably lY th tha most comprehensive c In plan and of any held prior to these respective dat dates Each Kach ach effort established stab stab- for COl those to come como ti a 1 new nm standard after It Is an nn interesting fact that all all all' four French were held on or c centered around thin Champs do de Mars and andon andon on tho the banks hanks of oC th Seine Seine Seine-a a matchless I site In th the heart of ot the city city- Across the channel hannel In Ia London from Irom to 1910 there thore occurred a 1 Inn long and both hoth international Intel inter brilliant series of ot national and amid Perhaps the latter lilt lat tem tel aroused around more mor l general because be because be- be cause of or their comparative and anti on account of oC the fact that a R. smaller and concrete display is more snore easily ns- ns Such for Cor cx example were the th tw fisheries the colonies the Anglo I the American In iii Queen Victoria Victoria's Jubilee year vear and the more mor r rent c nt Io and Anglo Anglo- Fr events While all 31 this exposition activity Jt was going on In Europe the United d H f. f f WitS not far tl I Elkana Elkann Wilson Watson a n merchant of or Albany Alban N Y Y whoso whose hoo original 1 plans clans re regarding In Inland Inland In- In land U C uniform currency and 1 education entitle him to n R paco place among American pints was the real author of ot the present I system of ot fairs airs and cattle shows shown sustained sus sus- tamed and directed by agricultural so to- to clettes Having Ha retired from Crom active and removed to his farm Carm near Max h hR conc conceived the tho idea Ida of ot Interesting Interesting- tho the farmers of or Berkshire county in holding an arm exhibition of or improved Im- Im pro proved breeds of oC rattle and ond superior products products products pro pro- ducts of th the soil soli for tor the purpose e of oC proving provIng prey prey- ing big what might be accomplished h by hy proper prop r culture To compensate and reward re- re ward exhibitors for the care caro and labor bestowed on their sp specimens prizes were to be bo awarded for tho host S The first fair Call was quito a success and for Cor the purpose of oC enlarging the next ho appealed to tho the citizens of 01 Boston BORton tOt for peCuniary pecuniary pe pc pe- pe aid but hut failed to get got a It single ln lo loI I favorable fa response Ex Ec John Adams in his reply made It quite apparent apparent appa appa- rent that the lending leading men of ot that day did not appreciate the Importance of ot this now step for COI encouraging tho the useful arts This was pithily expressed In n. n single lIngle sentence sen sen- tence You will get gel no aid from tram Boston Doston commerce II literature th theology medicine tho the university and universal politics are arc against you ou Watson was not lh thwarted by this rebuff He redoubled his exertions exertIon at home and for or several years ears annual fair aIrs were held These agricultural fairs are oro now an nn Important and Integral part of ot American farm life Ulo Closely following on the centennial exposition ex ex- position In Philadelphia in 1876 1676 came a n. along along long series of ot special expositions In this countr country patterned upon similar affairs In Ia England already alluded to The cotton cotlon exposition at Atlanta 1889 tho the Denver industrial exposition 1882 tho the maritime exposition In Boston Doston 1609 1809 the Tennessee exposition in Nashville 1899 tho trans- trans Mississippi and greater America colonial expositions In Omaha 1898 the national ox export port exposition In Philadelphia IS 1899 1590 the Pan-American Pan exposition In Buffalo Burtalo 1901 the tho South Carolina expo exposition in Charleston 1902 are arc some somo of or tho the most important In ha this category Nor or or has the world at largo large e been Idle Worlds World's s fairs have havo been held In In Melbourne Melbourne Mel Mel- bourne ne Jamaica Osaka Japan Ponta D Delgado Azores St. St Petersburg Brussels Brus Drus- sels ads Vienna Vicuna Leipsic Capetown Capetown Cape Cape- town Lima Lime Dresden Buenos Duenos Aires and andRio andRio andRio Rio Janeiro JaneIro all all more or less Jess successful both from a financial standpoint and as showing the tho progress of or tho the r respective coun countries t ri Cs Altogether eth r In the tho last sixty years there have been held In various vanous parts of oC the tho civilized world orld upward upward-of 1 of 10 notable International expositions no year having been blen without some more moro or 01 Jos loss remarkable remarkable remark romark- able event of oC this character Doubtless tho the projected Panama exposition will crown the series althou although h the th palm for general excellence breadth of 01 plan and wide scope of or exhibits must be given to tho the Louisiana purchase exposition The Tho present pre and future trend of oC the great worlds world's fair as a civilizing Influence and andas as a a. means of publicity among tho the na natIons nations nations na- na of ot tho world seems to bo ho In ha the direction of or commemorating specific events or historic anniversaries annJ The Tho day of or tho the conglomerate haphazard worlds world's fair ha has passed |