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Show PORTUGAL TO CONTINUE AS A REPUBLIC Talk of Manuel Regaining the Lost Throne Not TaKen Seriously. BUT NEW RULERS FACE DIFFICULTIES Ignorant People Expected Care for All Ills When Change Was Made. - BT F&EDEKIGK 3. HA8K1N. l lBBOV Portugal Knw that - tha provisional government of the republic of Portugal hat given way to the permanent per-manent establishment of the new government, gov-ernment, fears of a counter revolution to restore the monarchy are leasened, although vigilant precautionary "meat-urea "meat-urea are being taken. In fact, the probability of a restoration restora-tion of King Manuel never haa been considered in Portugal, as it hat in other countries of Europe. It is much easier to get a bet in London or Paris that King Manuel, or some other scion of a roval house, will one dav ait upon the Portuguese throne than it ia to flad a man in Lisbon who seriously entertains enter-tains such aa idea.. la Lisboa Manuel is spoken of as a harmless boy against whom nobody harbored har-bored any real ill feeling. It is point- ed out that he and the others of the royal family were accorded the gentlest and justest treatment. No one waata to deprive them of their private property, prop-erty, and no one minds their drawing a pension, but their return to Portugal as rulers is not among the probabilities. Boms roar of Autocracy. In this view of the situation foreign business men residing in Lisbon agrte with the' Portuguese who are outspokea in their delight with the republic and ready with their condemnation of moa-anhs moa-anhs and monarchies as institutions. The present outlook is that while theN may be a good deal of rough sledding for dreamers before Portugal becomes an ideal, or even a practical republic it will aot agaia become a- kingdom by consent of the Portuguese. The danger that looms larger thaa that of a return to constitutional monarchy ia a , . drift into autoeraey under the name of democracy suck as is fouad in eortaia Latin-American republics. If this contingency con-tingency is avoided, the prospect is that Portugal will make gradual progress in the right direction. At present the future of Portugal seems to lie in the hands of a small number of " intellectuals" who promoted pro-moted a successful revolution. There is little prospect of a successful counter revolution ia behalf of King Manual. People Expected Too Much. Although only a small proportion of the Portuguese' only a small proportion propor-tion of the residents of Lisbon in fact took part ia the revolution, almost every Portuguese prefers a president to a king. No matter how apathetie he may be, or how ignorant, he is not so poor an advocate of democratic government gov-ernment that he would rally to the standard of an nspirant for the throne. One major difficulty confronting the men who are trying to forward the interests in-terests of the country is that many of those who aided in the revolution looked upon the change from a monarchy mon-archy to a republic as a political "cureall" that would remove their every cause for complaint. Many of these men are too Ignorant to understand that kicking over a throne and setting np a nsw form of government cannot make it possible to collect two days' wages for one dsy "s work or to buy two loaves for the price of half a loaf. There Is, as an inevitable inevi-table result, a good deal of unwarrantable unwarrant-able discontent among' emotionnl nnd unthinking "republicans" who do not know where to drew the line between advocacy of representative government and militancy against all government. Want Promises Fulfilled. The leaders of this elsaa taught them in the prerevolution period that but for the coalitioa of prit-nts and princea they would have everything their own way. Tbev now ask these leaders whv their prophecies hsve not been fulfilled. They wsnt to know how sooa they are to be fulfilled. a What was aaid for effect in an effort to arouse a rather callous people to action ac-tion against a form of government that waa unquestionably bad was taken so literally that a aamewhat awkward sit-. sit-. uation, and ona with great potential! tlea for discord, exists. Kor example, a band . of strikers, walking out under the "right to strike" law which is one of the fruits of tbe provisional government, circa-Isted circa-Isted a handbill advising ths govern ment that the forces thst brought it into existence might be expected to destroy de-stroy it if their demsads were aot met.' - These demands were, of course, for higher wagea and shorter hours. It is not necessary to assume that thev were unjust in order to point out that the attitude of the strikers was anarchistic anarchis-tic and absurd. ratrlota race Obrtaclea. In this state of Barest lies aa opportunity op-portunity for the cheap - demagogue and would be dictator. Maav thoughtful thought-ful men in Portugal fear that full advantage ad-vantage will be takes of it. Aa ua-edurated ua-edurated aad restless proletariat, aa army and navy composed of Carboa-ariea Carboa-ariea whose lovaltv to their secret or- der la much stronger thaa their allegiance allegi-ance to the government, and a press that kaa been aot iaaptly described .aa "onderlining each word" eoostitutet a eombiaatioa of evils that might well frighten the purest aad moat courageous courage-ous of patriots, ela addition to the disgruntled who expected too much from a mere change of government there are the "heroes of the revolntion" who were la msny (Xortinaed en page .) - PORTUGAL TO CONTINUE AS A REPUBLIC (Continued from page 1) soldiers of fortune and expected eubstential reward! for their part in the overturn. The leaden were amaned at the scrsm ble for plaeee of honor and emolnment that followed the Inauguration of the provisional government. Koah for Jo be. Devotion to what the Kronen eall the "politique d'estemae" aeixed all of the heroee and evmpathizera after the expalaion of the royal nous. Many of the men appointed to major and minor poeta under the proviiional government aret according to eommon report, qualified quali-fied by their service in the eauae of the revolution, rather than bv their e paeity for aerviee in the cause of good government. The nub for " jobs' rbe-eame rbe-eame ao greet that a sign was hung up in the office of the eivil governor of Lisbon advising all and aundry that a man might often better aerve hie country coun-try by refraining from asking for preferment pre-ferment than jby insisting upon hnviag a position. With the horde of hungry office seek-era seek-era banging about the doora of the bo reaua looking for sinecures, the pro-viaioaal pro-viaioaal government faced a difficult and delicate task when it net about cutting cut-ting down the eivil liit and requiring actual work in response to the pay. ment of cash .from the government treasury. Heroee Are Needed. That the provisional government waded Into ita problems with determination determin-ation and eournge, and with fair discretion, dis-cretion, ia admitted among disinterested disinter-ested observers of events in Portugal. But the opportunitiei for rockiest igltatore to stir up new. trouble with a view to advancing their own inter srs msnifeat, and only extremely good luck coupled with discretion upon the part of the leading patriots ean be expected to keep the new republio out of serfbtia difficulties. The often repeated statement of the press that only a few of the Portuguese are sufficiently enlightened to be in-tereeted in-tereeted in good government ia flouted by the leaders as gross exaggeration. It h".b"i; id timm ' hat from SO to 70 per cent of the people of Por-tugnl Por-tugnl cannot read and write, and that no country ean govern itself without a higher percentage of literacy. Trades Unions Sana. v The Portugese who are promoting reform re-form insist that 40 per eent would be nearer the mark than 70 when estimating estimat-ing the percentage of illiteracy. They assert that a healthy interest is taken in good government throughout the country and that there ie no want of capable and honest men who will devote themselves to publie service provided it can he made plain to them that under un-der republican government there will be no return to the laxnees and graft that marked the eonduct of affairs under un-der the monsrehy. The trade unions, members of whieh are all republicans, and nearly all r.r. bonarles, have been commended for the sanity they have displayed. While some strikes hsre been baaed upon ineuf. Orient grounds and have been cbarae tented b nnreaaonable demands, the leaders have shown a disposition to try to ealm the less well balanced members who have expected and demanded ltopia as a result of the change la government. gov-ernment. Education Is Lacking. Nothing ia ao urgently needed in Portage! Por-tage! aa the rapid and wholesome education edu-cation of the niassea. If there were enough level beaded and honest 'stump speskera" at work today in the various provinces to counteract the effect of the irresponsible agitators, good government govern-ment would be assured. A good deal is, of course, being done ia this direction direc-tion The eeversl delays la the date of the election for the permanent assembly as-sembly were explained on the ground that the proviaionhl ministers were trying try-ing to awaken the people of the remotest remot-est pnrte of the eountry to a healthy and ssne intereet in good government before holding an election. While the difficulties nt the situation nre rerog nixed here in Lisbon, and there is much speculation as to what the course of Portugal aa a republio will be, the worst that ia prophesied by the peesi-mista peesi-mista ia that it will suffer from the machinations of the demagogue and the ambitions of the dictator, ae have aome of the misgoverned Latin-American re-publiea. re-publiea. It ia hard to And a disinterested disinter-ested man in Lisbon who Hoes not smile wheo anyone euggesta the return of Manuel or another prince. And the optimists predict that within a few veare Portugal will be well along the highway to auereaa aa a well ordered republic, holding ita overseas posses-alone posses-alone and developing jts greet natural resources at heme. |