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Show WAR -DECLARED- THE 5waj or TuEOCgy -' se. - -i S . . ' . ?'''" f I ' ' i r i t - i : ! i i ho ITALY ALREADY IS BLOCKADING TRIPOLI Turkey Played for Delay, but Italy Met Evasive Answer ; to Ultimatum by Resort to Arms; first Move to Protest Italian Coast and to Occupy Capital of tlie North African Province. ROME, Sept. 29. Italy has declared war on Turkey. The official offi-cial announcement, was made late this afternoon. - It declared that the two countries were in a state of war beginning at half past 2 o'clock on the afternoon of Friday, September 29. This is the hour at which the Italian ultimatum to Turkey expired ex-pired and followed a session of the cabinet at which the Turkish reply was considered and found unsatisfactory. . I Though every indication pointed to this action by the royal government, gov-ernment, there was always a possibility that the good offices of other governments would be successful in averting hostilities and when the final decision of . the cabinet was announced the excitement Italy which fulminated this afteraooa . "eclaratioii nf war at Roma dates bark to 1 8 jrhaa-mritkasasaking or lh treaty concludior ths Busso-Turknh Busso-Turknh war the powers are understood to have agreed to permit Italy a "pa-cifle "pa-cifle penetration of Tripoli." Turkey elairoa that this right has been respected ever since. Italy has colnnizet Tripoli nntfl her interests in that African province are very great. 8he haa asserted, however, that her Subjects have been mistreated by the Ottoman authorities and constantly dia-ertminated dia-ertminated against. Throughout the earlier hours of thai day the papera bad issued special editions edi-tions announcing" that the Italian fleet was moving ia plain sight of the coast of Tripoli, and intimating that war might be declared at any moment, Turk Evaded Ian. The minister of foreign affairs, Signor Di Baa Oiuliano, received the Turkish reply from the Turkish embassador embas-sador this morning and immediately went into conference with his associ- t. n fniniatrv Tt la nnrierstAod CITY THREATENED WITH OCOUPATIOIf IS DESOLATE TRIPOLI, Sept. M.Thls city, which Is threatened with a hostile occupation, was desolate early thia morning. Nearly all of the Eumpeana last night left on orders or-ders of the Italian consul snd this mom-ing mom-ing the streets were deserted except for squads of Turkish soldiers, who are enthusiastic en-thusiastic over the sltustlon. The Arabs have held mass meetings In sll the mosques and taken a solemn oath of unity and allegiance to the Turkish flag, "to the last drop of blood." The Turkish transport Derna haa dla-charged dla-charged Jnno tons of stores and U.noo Mauser rifles. These hsve been tsken Into the Interior. 4M camels being used In moving the supplies. that the Ottoman government completely complete-ly conceded Italy's economic claims in Tripoli, hut evaded a direct answer demanded de-manded by thia government which had set forth in its ultimatum that Turkey must say that ahe would not resist the proposed occupation of Tripoli and Cy-rene. Cy-rene. - Instead the porta aent a conciliatory note suggesting farther delay. It was known at the same time Turkey transmitted trans-mitted a note to the powers in whieh it is assumed thst she represented herself her-self as the injured party and by inference, infer-ence, at least, sought their intervention. interven-tion. . ' Italy Stands by Ultimatum. The royal government decided to stand absolutely by the ultimatum of yesterday and in the abaence -of the reply called for to declare Italy and Turkey is a state of war from the hour that the ultimatum of twenty-four twenty-four hours expired. The trouble between Turkey snd LIKEN ITAXT'S ACTION TO THAT OF JAPAN WASHINGTON. Sept. 2. Persons familiar fa-miliar with the oondltiona leading up to the war between Japan and Russia recall re-call that Japan took the course which Is now being followed by Itsly In practically practi-cally beginning hoetltltlea without warn-Ing warn-Ing to her powerful opponent and there- (Continued u page 12.) I I i ' 1 ? WAR DECLARED (Continued from page' 1.) by securing a tremendous advantage from a naval point of view by preventing the consolidation of the two sections of the Ruaslan fleet which weer lying In the harbor of Port Arthur and Chemulpo, Korea. - Moat of the small Turkish fleet la off the 8yrlan coast at the extreme eastern end of the Mediterranean and Italy's declaration de-claration today la believed to be with the deliberate purpose of securing warrant war-rant under International law for an attack at-tack on that fleet before It can make its escape and find refuge on the Bosphoms under the ahelter of the powerful shore defenses. Such a move would leave Italy plenty of leisure to deal with the comparatively small Turkish military force In Tripoli and to prevent any reln-forcementa reln-forcementa reaching that country from Turkey by water. It la said at the state department that there (-an h. no n.l...fln- V... ,kia w ernment to the course adopted by Italy In this Instance so long as there Is no undue Interference with Amerlcfln yom-merce yom-merce or other Interests. The Washington government was scarcely prepared for news of actual declaration of war. Nelmer Embassador Rockhlll at Constantinople nor Embassador Embassa-dor Letshman at Rome had Informed the atate department that the crisis had been peached. LONDON EXPECTS SPEEDY OCCUPATION OF TRIPOLI LONDON. Sept. 19. The news that Italy haa occupied Tripoli la expected at any minute. The foreign office presented a scene of great activity this afternoon aa a result of the Turko-Itallan crisis. The foreign secretary. Sir Edward Grey, had long and separate conferencea with the Italian embassador, em-bassador, Marqule de Francavllla, and the Turklah embassador. Tewflk Pasha. It la understood that the Turklah cabinet cabi-net at last night's meeting framed a second sec-ond apnea I to the powers to use their Influence to prevent wsr. The diplomats here are strong In ths belief that no tender ten-der of good offices on the part of other countries can avail to alter Italy's program. pro-gram. TAXXNQ MEASURES TO PROTECT, ADRIATIC COAST -THIASZO. Swltserland. Sept. !. The Italian fleet haa been ordered to maintain a close blocksde of the Trlpolltan coast and prevent even by force the landing of further reinforcement.. Secret Inatructlons hsva been given for the strategic distribution of ahlps slong the Albanian. Macedonian and Syrian coasts the moment action Is begun, to prevent any attempt by Turkey to attack at-tack the Italian coast through privateers, which will be easy from the Albanian coast, which Is on tha opposite side of the Adlatlc sea. and Is but a few hours' sail from ths Italian aide, which la quits undefended. , The ships have been Instructed also to defend not only Italians, but all foreigners for-eigners on Ottoman territory landing forces It neaeaaary or taking fugitives aboard. The expedition consists of a complete army corps which will he used In Ita entirety en-tirety If necessary. It will be commanded com-manded by Oen. C C'aneva. who har and General Pecorl. m command of a division, divi-sion, and with Gen. Caatal Dello of the general staff. His instructions are thst the occupation ' of Tripoli and Cjrene aha!! be conducted 1 with the least possible Jelv but with ! prudence to avoid both foreign com pi lea-' lea-' Uons and unnecessary bloodshed. 1 Admiral Aubrey. In command of the ' Italian vessels In the waters of Tripoli. 1 has been Instructed, when the order to : begin the occupation Is Issued, to embark Immediately the few Italians who may be . left there and any foreignera wishing to leave. These, it la thought, will amount to about 100. REPLY DIPLOMATIC. BUT EVIDENTLY UNSATISFACTORY CONSTANTINOPLE. Bept: The Turkish reply to the ultimatum of Italy, which demanded assurances that there will be no resistance to the Italian military mili-tary occupation of Tripoli and Cyrene waa communicated to the Italian charge. Big nor Dl Martino. at :S0 o'clock this morning. The message waa In friendly terms and expressed surprise st the action ac-tion of Italy. In view of the cordial relations rela-tions existing between tha two countries. It pointed out that Italian Interests In Tripoli had not been threatened and ex- fire seed the hope thet Italy would desist rom her contemplated measures. Assurance Assur-ance was given of Turkey's desire for a settlement of the matters; pending between be-tween the two governments. The reply also stated that Jtalian subjects sub-jects tn Ottoman territory were exposed to no danger, as the author! tea afforded them protection and added that the Turklah Tur-klah military' measures had been suspended sus-pended during the negotiations for a se tenement te-nement of the differences. The reply was determined on at cabinet eouncll which continued at the palace from lata yesterday until early today. to-day. t'pon recelvlng'the communication the Italian charge Immediately telegraphed It to Rome. The impression In diplomatic diploma-tic circles fs that tive note will not be sstisfactory tn Italy. The Turk ( enuadnm hs left Weir-it and ts returning to Constantinople, Fverv precaution has been tsken to preserve pre-serve order in the capital and throughout through-out tba provinces, GERMAN PRESS STRONGLY CONDEMNS ITALY BERLIN," ftept. 2. The German press today does not sparewords In condemna- baldl to take ad v an U go of the situation and organise another Albanian revolution in Turkey. WANTS U. S. TO INTERVENE. NKW YORK. Kept. St. Tha former American embassador to Turkey, Oerar S. Htraue; today sent a telegram to -Secretary Knox at Washington urging that the United States should exercise Its right under the convention -for the pacific settlement of International disputes to preserve peace and prevent a possible state of war between the Mohammedan and Christian nations of the world. QUICK ACTION EXPECTED. ROME. Hept. I. The minister of marine ma-rine Is believed to have sent wireless orders or-ders to the Italian fleet off Tripoli to act immdiately. This action followed a meeting of the- Jg! cabinet at II o clock. at which it waa de-ctded de-ctded to proceed with the measures previously previ-ously determined upon. , ITALIANS TO LAND SOON. .MALTA. Bept. 2. A telegram from Tripoli say a twelve Italian warships are anchored off Tripoli and that It la expected a landing will be effected thia afternoon. Uon of Italy a action, i n uoaai An-eiger. An-eiger. which Is In close touch with the foreign office, says: " . "A stare with the sllghteat regard for Its honor can only answer 'No.' " The Frankfurter Zeitung declares that civilised Europe, disregarding poittlca differences, must protest against an act of open pillage and naked violence, and savs that there Is no Justiflcstton for .Italy's "brutal methods, particularly toward to-ward allies." The Zeitun am Mlttag says one must i go back to the partition of Poland to find a similar example of brutal violence, and .political hypocrisy. The pper adds that Italy, with Its horde of IIHt era tea. s the least jiwtlfierl tn using as a pretext conditions In Trtnoll for an action against all tha rules of civilised civi-lised In t ercou rse. . ALBANIANS ARB READY FOR NEW UPRISING CHIASSO. Swltserland. fiept. The expressed wlah of the Italian government that the Tripoli affair shall not be taken a an otvportunlty to create trouble In other Ottoman provinces appears likely to meet with disappointment. . The Albanians consider this an excel, lent moment for another uprising and have addressed GenerM Ricclotti Garibaldi, Gari-baldi, the son of the Kalian hero, asking him to organise an expedition of volunteers volun-teers commanded bv himself or bis son. Colonel Outsepne Garibaldi, who figured In the recent Mexican trieurrectlon. The elder Garibaldi doea not think the situation situa-tion propitious for a rebellion avalnst Turklah authority, owing to the cold and tha snow In the Albanian mountains. - ALBANIANS ACTTVB. ' OMT .Vt-TZO. Swltserland. Sent. 5.-Tne Afbfintane are Importuning General Gart- |