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Show THE BULLETIN, BINGHAM CANYON. UTAH I Radar Saved Britain-- Will Remodel Industry Electronics Proves of Great Value to Amer-ican Air and Naval Forces During Present War. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington. D. C. (ThU is tin- - first of two article hy Mr. Hniihhaiie revealing some of the remnrknhle achievements ol rarlar and txplniniiiH how it operates.) Little by little the world is learn-ing more of the secrets hidden in that magic, five-lette- r word which, spelled backward or forward, means the same thing, but whose real meaning is still a mystery. I mean R A D A R. I have written it down that way because Its derivation is one mys-tery that we can reveal. Before it went Into "classification," which is what they say in the army when they mean something can't be men-tioned in public, radar was an Im-portant but little - known, copy-righted, commercial label. It is really four words in one: Radio Direction and Ranging Early in the war there were some stories printed about a German air-plane which had a television camera In It which could send back pictures of the territory beneath it. Shortly thereafter all mention of such an apparatus stopped and the dark and mysterious career of radar be-gan. Radar and television are not the same thing, but there are simi-larities and if we can believe that actors in a studio in the RCA build-ing in New York can be seen out In Westchester county by people sit-ting around a television set, we can believe that another little gadget can register the presence and loca-tion of a distant object (like a plane or a warship) and, if It is moving, tell which way it is going and how fast about 30 miles away. He reported D to his superior, but that gentle-man, knowing American planes were out at the time, took no action. Lockard was eventually given the Distinguished Service medal. The rest we had better try to forget while we still must "remember Pearl Harbor." Human service failed to carry the message that the Jap air fleet was coming, but radar had done its part of the job. Radar has grown to be a giant since then. This is what "Impact," an official publication of the assist-ant chief of air staff (intelligence) says: "The use of radar in military op-erations is in its Infancy, but it has permeated every phase of air war-fare. It is used in strategic bomb-ing by both British and American heavies. It makes night fighting and intruder operations possible. It liter-ally saved England In the battle of Britain. And it provided for the control and direction of virtually ev-ery day or night sortie flown by the TACs (tactical air force planes) during the winter (of 1944-45)- The importance of the part which the American tactical air forces played from the battle of Normandy right up to V-- E Day is acknowl-edged by everyone, though there may be differences of opinion as to the relative achievements of the various branches of the .service. (Tactical bombing and strafing is that part of air force activity which is an integral portion of the individ-ual land force operations, as much a part of the battle plan and its execution as the disposition of ar-tillery. Strategic bombing is the Radar Will Soon Be Industries' Marvel As I said, we knew the Germans had been working on such a device early in the war. This is how radar was born in this country: Back in 1932 two scientists ob-served that something happened to a radio wave when it hit the wide side of a building and also when .1 6hip went across its path. Research continued, but the war sent radar Into hiding. On November 14, 1942, a Jap battleship slipping through the sea near the Solomon islands was suddenly struck by a salvo of shots from an American ship eight miles away. The Japs went down to Davy Jones' locker without knowing what hit them. They never saw the American ship which fired the shots. Nor did the Americans ever see the Japanese warship except as It appeared as a sonening up, me long range air attacks. And radar was a vital part of the success of the tactical operations in Europe from on because of its help in getting a fighter-bombe- r to its target and getting it home again In weather which is too bad for normal operations. It controlled night fighters, photo and mapping planes, picked out tar-gets and kept track of enemy planes in the area. To quote an official comment: "On the western front, despite constant overcast conditions dur-ing the last winter, the IX, XIX and XXIX TACs were able to operate at maximum strength continually. On the other hand, the 1st Tactical air force, which was without radar equipment last November, flew only two missions that month, one 0l these abortive because of the weather." As to the long-rang- strategic bomber, which has to cross half a continent to get where it is going, if bad weather envelopes it, radar It, of course, invaluable for keeping its location. Radar is also an inte-gral part of the Commercial Aviation Will Profit Greatly Speculation as to radar's ultimate possibilities are unlimited, both In war and peace. Any ordnance ex-pert will tell you that a "controlled missile" that is, a bomb such as the deadly German "V" bombs, which flew from Holland to Eng-land can, with certain improve-ments, be made much more deadly. Radar Kinds Military Targets. little "blip" of light on a tiny screen. Radar did it. On a winter day. 1 sat in a room at the Willard hotel in Washington London was trembling under the terror of night bombing. Sitting at a table before us was an officer of the Royal air force. After a few gen-eral remarks, he made what was to us an astounding statement; name-ly, that defense against daytime bombing had been perfected and a method of ending the effectiveness of night attack would soor. be in operation. The tide had been turned in the battle of Britain and, though we didn't know it then, radar had done that, too. Between these two events was an-other one we don't like to talk too much about. Over in the Hawaiian islands on December 7. M41, Pvt. Joseph Lockard, though not sup-posed to be on duty . the time, was listening to a ' detector," an apparatus which strangers weren't allowed to approach in those days. Lockard "detected" an airplane Not only can they be made to fly much farther across the Atlantic, over the North Pole but they can be accurately aimed, and di-rected at an area such as a city and ruthlessly destroy it. Radar can do that and many other things it has not yet attempted. There are, like-wise, an Infinite number of ways in which radar can and will serve a peaceful world. In commercial aviation, the man In the control tower, the traffic cop at the airport, will be able to lo-cate all of the planes in the vicinity by day or by night, in cloudy weath-er and clear. And it must be re-membered that regulating the traf-fic Is going to be one of the most important problems of tomorrow's skyways, for there will be a tre-mendous increase in the number of ' planes which will be in use and a ' similar increase in their speed and size. Radar can warn the pjanes them-selves against collision and the pres-ence of land masses, high tension wires, tall buildings or other ob-stacles to their flight. And. of course, will permit safe landing even in a dense fog. Postwar Air Freight To Be Within Reach of Every Farmer and Every Community of the Entire Country a. - Trained Pilots and Plenty Of Improved Planes for Everyday Needs of All By Walter A. Shead WNU Washington Correspondent. How about having those spare binder parts dropped In your farm lot by parachute? Or how about call-ing up and having a flying ambu-lance deliver you to the nearest hos-pital for that emergency operation? Or if you are in a hurry for that order you placed, call up and have them deliver it at your gate by helicopter. Ridiculous, you say Well, not so ridilculous as you may think, for the amazing progress of air transportation during the war is reflected in these very practical steps for a new horizon for com-mercial operations as soon as peace permits. As a matter of fact, the Civil Photo shows a record shipment of penicillin, nearly 3,000 pounds. This is just one of the many items that will be handled almost entirely In postwar era by the new and existing taxi and air freight lines. Aeronautics administration in the de-partment of commerce has on file at this moment applications for these and many more new types of civilian air business and these applications afford a stimulating picture of what the plane may soon be doing to advance new progress in American life and manner of llv- - lng. Old and new hands at the flying game, including many veterans still In uniform, have formed enter-prises now simply waiting for the official green light to serve the pub-lic in many ways that would have been thought ridiculous or visionary a few years ago. For instance, some of the applications include: Flying ambulance and funeral planes . . . armored airships for safe dispatch of currency and other valuables . . . delivery of new auto-mobiles by huge glider trains . . tank planes for shipment of gaso-line, oil and other liquids . . bus and taxi service . . . deliveries of medicine, food and of other depart-- , merit store merchandise . . "fly-- i yourself" systems . . . sightseeing specialists . . pick-u- p or delivery by parachute . . . and many others. These projects are in addition to applications for wide extension of service into new territories sought by existing airlines and the entry of others into the fields of feeder, pick-up- , general express and cargo hii(dnp;q toward peacetime flying business with the keenest anticipation and toward whom official eyes will look with greatest sympathy are the sol-diers and sailors, some already dis-charged veterans and others ready to take to the air as soon as they are discharged. Of the 350,000 military pilots which the war has produced, the majority who plan to make aviation their career, see their future as pilots for established airlines. There are, however, many who want to start their own business . . . noth-ing fancy, understand, maybe just a local feeder line. There has been as yet no breakdown to learn just what percentage of the applications al-ready filed are by servicemen, but the percentage is high. A typical one is the application filed only a few days ago by Lt. James Walker Case of Sutter Creek, Calif., navy flier. Lieutenant Case wants to start a business flying per-sons and property to all parts of California and Nevada in the most suitable available aircraft, just as soon as the navy lets him go. Taxi Rural Service. There is also the Norsemen Air Transport company, which turns out to be several servicemen who want proposes to begin with transport of mail and later of persons and property on two circulating routes covering hitherto none too accessi-ble places in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. The proposed air ambulance serv-ice, no doubt, had its inspiration from the remarkable operations in evacuation of wounded by the air transport command of the army and navy and the airlines under con-- i tract with them. Two applications for this service now on file with the C.A.A. are by undertaking firms, who plan to use the airplanes either as missions of mercy or for burial. One of them Is Shannon's of Fort Worth, Texas, who proposes to operate a helicopter ambulance or hearse from their city to or from any points within 600 miles; from within that radius to any place in continental U. S. or from anywhere in the country to within that circle. An exactly simi-lar application is on file from W. C. Croy of Poplar Bluff. Mo. Julian Bondurant's Armored Mo-tor service of Memphis would en-large his operation by use of air-planes throughout the south and southwest "on call and demand." The fabulous supply of our motor-- Start New Enterprises. Applicants for certificates for these new enterprises cover the whole range of people who have been stirred to action by faith in the future of air transportation. In the active dockets of the department are the names of companies and individ-uals with experience In transport-ing persons and property by air. There are others who have had equally broad background In trans-portation by steamship, bus, taxi-ca- b and truck and there are still others, such as department store owners, who are obviously strong in financial resources, but who have never, perhaps, even delivered their own parcels. Then there are the embryo air-line magnates, like the man and his wife who want to start an air freight line between Los Angeles and New York, and for specifications for their fleet, submitted colored cut-outs of a Liberator bomber from a Sunday supplement. As a matter of fact, practically all the applicators state In more or less apologetic terms that the applicants have no planes with which to start business. But since practically none will be available until after the war, they are all on an equal basis from that standpoint. The group of applicants who look to continue their war association by establishing feeder airlines throughout New England. Many of these projects may never see the light of day, but there are applications like that of Lt. Col. John C. L. Adams, who before be-ing called back to his regular army job when war came, organized and operated an extensive air service in Panama. He wants to start a sight-seeing business with helicopters or light planes, fanning out in various scenic routes from Cristobal and Balboa. Until he can start work sans uniform, his wife. Alberta, is getting things lined up. Then there are also a number of women who plan to start airlines on their own. Some of them, judging from their application papers, have already had successful careers in other lines of business. There is e Harris of Rutherfordton, N. C, who proposes to start a sched-uled mail and passenger service linking the smaller towns in North Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia, using either helicopters or light conventional planes. She proposes to land on postoffice roofs or the nearest available vacant lot. Mrs. Winifred Lucy Shefferly of Detroit, proposes to run a helicopter taxi service in Michigan and Mrs. T. W. Lanier of El Paso, Texas, izea forces wun iuei ay airplane in the dash across France and else-where, probably influenced H. I. Moul, president of Coastal Tank Lines, Inc., of York, Pa., to file an application to supplement his fleet of 175 trucks with flying tankers. His ships would carry 3,500 gallons of any kind of bulk liquid commodity in compartmentized tanks through-out the United States and to Alas-ka, Canada and Mexico. Autos by Air. Delivery of jeeps and trucks by airplane to the battle lines unques-tionably gave T. P. Geddes of the Automobile Air Freight corporation of Detroit, the inspiration for simi-lar operations in peacetime. Before the war his firm was reputed to be the largest deliverers of new auto-mobiles in the world, by steamship on the Great Lakes and by the well-know- n super-truck- Their lake ves-sels the year before the war trans-ported 180,000 cars. Now their con-cern proposes to do rush orders on the same job with huge cargo planes and glider trailers. They seek a cer-tificate to transport automobiles from the middlewest to anywhere In the United States and to bring back general cargo to that area. Department store deliveries with the helicopter as the favored vehicle is proposed in dozens of applications on file. Perhaos the best k nnum firms include the Hecht Company, Inc., of Washington, D. C, and the William Filene Sons company of Boston. Both would cover the met-ropolitan area surrounding their cities and would also seek to serve their customers In smaller cities at greater distances. E. J. McKeown, president of the Producers Air Lines of Toledo, would use cargo planes, gliders and heli-copters in the transportation of per-ishable foods, flowers, drugs, medi-cines and medicine ingredients. A proposed plan of similar type is that of the Fish Airlines corporation, headed by Charles J. McGowan of New Bedford, Mass., which would emphasize rushing sea foods from Massachusetts and Rhode Island to Ashless regions of the country. Plane builders have demonstrated that there may be a plane built for every purpose, that has been their record in wartime. And with plenty of skilled operators available, also as a result of the war, it remains to be seen whether or not the Ameri-can public is really ready to its try wings when peace comes. Drawing shows plane In full flight picking up mail sack. The same technique will be available in peace time and regularly routed commer-cial planes are expected to drop and pick up packages while on the wing. : or Summer 1 A CHA RM INGLY gown to make upJ rayon crepe, using two-- J embroidered beading toH and for the straps. Run narrow pigl silk or satin ribbon thJ beading. Sell material I will give a more tailored! you prefer. I To obtain complete patternJ Instructions for the Beadiail Nightgown No. sarn'i J medium and InrRe included in coin, your name, addrwi tern number. Due to an unusually targe J current war conditions, s'.igMjgJ is required in filling orders lotfl the most popular pattern nimtJ Send your order to: I SEWING CIRCI.E NEEDllfl 709 Mission St., San Frucafl Enclose 16 cents for Paral Name I Address J Zmake. (Ice crea At home Any flavor-Deli- a- No ice crystals No cooking whipping No scorched pensive -- 20 recipes in Mi Please send this ad for free fi-- pie offer, or buy from you' grocer. Lonuonuo Brand Homemade let C'rti STABILIZE ECONOMICAL! !(: Cinder trrmlr Block UfcWJJ I Sj Dent, f'-- r hau ,".! . Available ! any H""""'! "1 OASM IN '"'tmSm0-- Preserve Our W Buy U. S. War Bo" MEiWO-ROUN- D WASHINGTON QUIETEST IN YEARS The District of Columbia looki more like a peacetime capital this summer than in many years. . . . For the first time since the war, the house is now planning a long recess. This reflects increased congres-sional confidence In the new White House set-u- also the fact that many a legislator yearns for home. The dollar-a-yea- r men and brass hats who planned to check out after Germany's defeat haven't started their exodus. Instead they've been joined by hundreds of business men who've moved in to get their reconversion headaches unsnarled. Thousands of returning officers and enlisted men from Europe have added to the housing and feeding problem. Parking spaces along the Potomac are crowded on hot nights with G.I. Joes and G.I. Janes and government workers searching for a cool breeze. Washington is more peaceful, but still jammed. Adding to the crush are the Tru-man boys who have descended on Washington. . . . They fall into three categories: (1) The Missouri boys, friends of Truman and Bob Hanne-ga- n looking for jobs, patronage, and juicy political plums. (2) The Pauley boys from Southern Califo-rniafriends of former Democratic Treasurer Ed Pauley who've rushed into town to climb on the gravy train. They're brash and crude for the most part, have little respect for the taxpayers' money, and already have their eyes on the gilded dome of the capitol. . . Third group are the "Battery K" men. These are the World War I vets who saw service with Harry Truman in 1917 and 1918. Most are satisfied with a brief "hello" and a handshake from their' hero. Others cling to the wrought iron gates of the White House, think that their comradeship with the new chief executive is a guarantee of a soft government job. Truman Heyday Truman's own aides in the White House are still impressed by their new surroundings. . . . Some feel that Truman's rise gives them a blank rheck to use his power for their own . . . One youthful aid has been bragcing about having Tru-man's political enemies shad-owed, their wires tapped. . . . Truman, a sworn enemy of wire-tappin- g when in the senate, will probably clip their wings soon. . . . Most powerful man in the Truman entourage is chubby, cigar-smokin- g Brig. Gen. Harry Vaughan, one of the "Battery K" boys, who buzzes considerable advice into his chief's car, but now finds it being accepted with less fre-quency. . . The hangers-o- n are still having a Meld day around the White House. Center of administration power has partly shifted from the White House to the second floor of the May-flower hotel, where Bob Hannegan holds forth in Democratic headquar-ters. . . . Judge Welburn Mayock, the committee's new general coun- - sel, uses the office to lobby for Cali-fornia oil interests. . . George Kil-lio-the new treasurer of the na-tional committee, who has been using a meat-a- x to collect money for the committee from business men may find himself chopped down soon. . . . One ardent Democratic supporter of many years' standing hearing about Killiom's tactics, said, 'He'll collect so much money! we'll lose in '48. Everyone he taps for $5,000 will feel like contribut-in- g twice as much to the Republi-can- s to boot the Pauley crowd not Meanwhile little is happening to set the stage for Democratic victories In the congressional elections next year. . . Hannegan is already in hot water with labor, particularly the CIO, which he has been studi-ously ignoring. Labor leaders, who poured out millions to help Roose-velt last year, claim they can't even get a glass of water from the Demo-crats when it comes to bucking op-pressive legislation in congress, and are now making threats to move over to the GOP camp. Republicans Harmonious. Farther up Connecticut avenue at Republican headquarters things are harmonious. . The Republicans are sitting back, are quietly laying the groundwork for a d congressional race next November What they need most of all are some issues . . . GOPsters In-cluding Chairman Herbert Brown ell, are confident they'll find plenty a few months, are hoping that a" stuV few toes politically soon. . Republican Chairman BrowneU has a million dollars to spend on the elections Truman's cabinet .S sber, re.v P0PuTaUr new Labor s retary Schwellenbaeh has made asreL JrrdS fr h'S dtment ' iife amo "r, employees, has made an A impression on congress. nas 'th"enhonest JobEfS trying to J the tangled food mess , agriculture. "ere Ur, ereat n""S0" is red.tape shear de big improvem ts Ld ,,ady Pushover for '8 " lobbyUU Taxi Firms to Start Air Helicopter Service A number of long established taxi-ca- b companies, such as Frank Saw-yers' Checker Taxi of Boston, have applied for general air taxi service by helicopter. This field too, has its specialists for at least two opera-tors, who for years have transported passengers between airports and downtown districts, stand ready to perform the same function with heli-copters. One of them Is John P. Carey, president of the Grand Central Cadillac Renting corpora- - tion, who furnishes limousine serv-ice between LaGuardia airport and the Airlines Terminal building in New York, and the other is Joe Ferrant's Airdrome transport which would be at the beck and call of film stars on the west coast. William Edward Hann of Detroit, proposes to replace horses by air-planes in the sightseeing field. He has filed application to make it pos-sible for saddle-sh- y tourists to see Grand Canyon National park. Rain bow Bridge national monument in Utah and Canyon de Chellv national monument. Arizona, by airplane There are scores of other applica tions now on file and more are com ing in daily for new businesses new and novel enterprises with the use of airplanes. As of the first of June more than 600 such applications were on hie with the Civil Aerr.nau tics board. This number will be in creased at a rapid rate during th. months following V-- J Div BARBS... by Baukhage Ad in personal column "Literate lass looks for laughter in letters." Then don't open your mail, lassie, on the first of the month. . . . A French paper says that French girls don't like the G.I. brand of love-makin- However, there is a considerable shortage on the home-fron- t and the product still has a good potential domestic market. Remember way back when about the only thing a soy bean was good for was to provide sauce for chop suey? ... The Metropolitan Life Insurance company has discovered that di-vorced ana widowed persons can get a new mate more easily than spin- - sters and bachelors can get their first mate. |