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Show I , THE BULLETIN, BINGHAM CANYON, UTAH People Deciding Factor Of Security Conference Heed of Public Will to Build Effective Barrier Against Future Wars Marks Delibera-tions From Past Parleys. By BAUKHAGE Win AnalyU and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Wnshlniinn. I). O. and the tempo of the world In- - creased so that it nrovided nnnthpr CONFERENCE HEADQUAR-TERS. SAN FRANCISCO. The ex-tent to which deliberations of the United Nations conference on Inter-nal ionil organization will be a suc-ce-can now be readily predicted. All we need is a master-mathema-ti- c law who will solve for "x" the usknown. world war which called for another international gathering within 26 years; came San Francisco, another "Big Three" and the growing but still the unknown "x," the power of the people. Molotov Lives Up To His Name First, to evaluate the "m" In our equation, it is necessary to take a look which goes back to Paris 1919 and even reveals faint images of Vienna, 1815. There is no question that "m" (standing for Molotov) was the Conference at San Francisco In the early period, at least, but there was a vast difference between his opera- - tions and those of Clemenceau. Clemenceau could and did unloose a bag of traditional diplomatic tricks on Lloyd George and Wilson and soon proved that his white-glove-gallic hands were quicker than two pairs of anglo-saxo- eyes. Clemenceau wanted security for The proposition is simple: let m qual one molotov, s equal one stet-tinius, e equal one eden. The equa-tion reads: m over s plus e equals x Solve for x, the unknown power of the will of the people. We have a certain amount of cor-ollary data to help us. In 1815 there was a meeting called the Congress of Vienna. It was fab-ulously attended by kings, princes, a czar and an emperor as well as the ministers and diplomats who ran Europe at the time. It convened for very definite purposes, including the checking for all time certain dan-gerous tendencies which were be- - ginning to make themselves felt. One matter which had really brought about the conference was the defeat ; of Napoleon Bonaparte. Unfortu-nately there was sudden reap-pearance of that gentleman, who broke his bonds of servitude at Elba, to play a short but fearsome return engagement This threat of the return of an upstart dictator who managed to provide himself with a crown based on no more divine right than was supplied by his legions caused the congress its Jitters but didn't inter-fere with the frolicsome tenor of its ways. It had been a decade of headaches for crowned heads. There was the Frunnh minchpri hv th:it France and elimination of Germany as a competitor in world industry. Molotov wants security for Rus-sia, elimination of any danger of pollUcal competition from the "capi-- i talistic" countries. But he wears no gloves, kid or otherwise. This, per-haps, is not because he, personally. Is Inept in the amenities of diplo-matic relations, but rather because he is under orders, with no latitude of compromise whatever unless Stalin grants it. And Russia, an out-law among nations after the Bolshe-vik revolution, has only begun to take its first faltering steps beyond the pale of its own prejudices and preoccupations. And the bear steps furtively, blinded by suspicion, hy-persensitive because of d past doubts and fears. as As the stiff-necke- d German of-- I fleers formally admitted defeat, nei-- - ther they nor the beaten country's new ministers entertained any illu-- ! sions as to the character of the Al-- , lied terms, with Foreign Minister Count Ludwig Schwenn Von Kro-sig- k telling the people: ". . . . Nobody must deceive him-self on the harshness of the terms. . . . Nobody must have any doubt that heavy sacrifices will be demand, ed from us in all spheres of life...." Thus did the European war come to its end six years after the mighty German army, striking at the un-prepared western powers, rolled through Poland; levelled the low-lands and France, and then turned back to the east again to challenge time, it is true, but a dangerous threat to the ermine. There was the strange government which would have no traffic with kings at all which seemed to be prospering cross the seas in the wilds of Amer-ica. And then this highly irreverent attitude toward the divine right of kings. It was all very important to the delegates at Vienna but like the sol-dier on guard here at the conference building in San Francisco it was confusing, so they let George do it. Thousands of 'Souls' Traded at Congress And so at Vienna with all the pro-tocol and deference in the world, Talleyrand took over. He let the congress dance. He ran it, divid-ed up the spoils; traded so many By the second day of the confer-ence Molotov had deeply grieved the Latin Americans. When the suave and persuasive Ezequil Paciilla, Mexican foreign minister, in urging the election of Secretary Stettinius as president of the conference re-marked that it was merely following diplomatic procedure and courtesy to elect the representative of the country playing host to the confer-ence, Molotov is said to have re-plied that he hoped no one was try-ing to give him lessons in diplo-matic procedure and as for courtesy this was not a tea party. Molotov is the commissar's It is an old communist custom to take pseudonyms, e.g. "Stalin," man of steel." Molotov means "hammer." And that is what thousand "souls" for so many thou-sand others, for thus he referred I to the various sections of Europe's population he was playing with. He called them souls but he didn't even consider them human beings with human rights. They had nothing to say about it and they said It, silently. A year less than a century later there arose another war-lor- d who had forgotten nothing and learned nothing concerning European dicta-torships. One of the best jobs of wrecking civilization up to that time was achieved by Kaiser Wilhelm and the world had to get together again to see what could be done about lt again. They met in Paris in 1919. This time the twilight of the kings had become so thick that scepters were decidedly out, but considerable change had taken place in the in-tervening century. At the Congress of Vienna there was not a single constitutional government, except that of Britain, represented. There was no freedom of the press, and no public opinion. At Paris the Al-lied press was hardly free of its war-time censorship but managed to stir up considerable excitement and the government-controlle- d French pa-pers made plenty of trouble for Wilson. The people were conscious of their desires but still not entirely vocal. The conference was soon tossed from the delegates to smaller and smaller groups and Anally reached "The Big Three" Wilson, Lloyd George and Clemenceau, and the greatest of these as a negotiator, was Clemenceau. He had more op-position than Talleyrand, perhaps, but he certainly was no less suc-cessful. Then came the interlude the benevolent-lookin- g gentleman from Moscow wields, not the rapier of the diplomatist. Thus, when he "controlled" the conference, he did it as a man swinging a hammer might the rest had to get out of the way. But hammer swinging is not always suc-cessful. The rapier wielders in the case I mentioned quickly circum-vented the Issue of the conference presidency by obtaining an agree-ment that there would be four presi-dents as the hammer-swinge- r de-manded but their powers would all be delegated to Mr. Stettinius to con-duct the business of the conference. Today's Talleyrand has much to learn in the school of soft gloves. And so we come to the delta, the strength of the spirit of the people. As I write these lines within the building where the committee meet- - ings take place, the fate of the con-ference has not been settled but I am assuming it Is about to conclude, having achieved its job which was merely to complete a blue-pri-for world organization. Its later ef-fects cannot yet be assayed. But I can say at this point with absolute assurance that if the blue-prin- t is not produced the peoples of the va-rious representatives will figurative-ly fall upon their delegates and tear them limb from limb. If the blue-print is produced and if the organ-ization operates effectively and suc-cessfully the credit goes to the demos the "absent voters" at San Francisco, who had no vote at Vien-na and didn't know how to use what they had at Paris. And so the task of our mathema-tician becomes the task of the meta-physicis- He must discover the power of the spirit of the people. 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Final rise to light and flurry Flavor in the oven. I 1 fCUSCIJLAR ACHEl Stiff Joints Tirod Musdes SproinsShl UGHTR MOMENTs "Lucky this is on practice maneuvers and (jM lucky we had a tailor with vtl" mm "KpYov,Eyeonthelnjaniry K, 'V -t- he Doughboy Does It." 10 THE chances are that you are C"" riS&jtl H difficulty obUining'W M eady flashlight batteries. Prae-- Y,agt .J 1 ty our entire production is earmarked for the Armed Forces XJiV H and vital war industries. After the war "Eveready" bat-- toes will be plentiful And rlPTT or your advanced info, IIUJT Jt I 1.1 ey w,H lie even better F3 VI H 91 fi 1 'gne, to give longer lil Z'M 1 WmVM proved service, M s ill Ml k J.MawM r VICTORY IN EUROPE f Germany Forced to Capitulate After Six Years of Fighting; Allies Face Big Job in Pacific Eleven hard and bitter months after General Dwight D. Eisenhower's armies smashed through the ramparts of "For-tress Europe" to set foot upon French soil, Germany's once proud wehrmacht, weakened after six years of the bloodiest war in history, bowed the knee unconditionally to the Allied powers. Offered to Russia as well as the U. S. and Britain after earlier futile efforts to split the Allies by approaching the Anglo-America- ns alone, Germany's surrender took place at General Eisenhower's headquarters in the little red school-- Thfst are the mm Roosevelt, Truman, Stalin and Churchill, who were responsi-ble In directing the victory afafnst Germany. Truman, committed to the Hoosevelt foreign relation policies, together with Stalin and Churchill, will direct the United Nations in plans for world's peace. house in Reims, France, at 2:41 a. m., May 7, with Lt. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith accepting Col. Gen. Gustav Jodl's capit-ulation. Later the surrender was ratified at Russian head-quarters in battered Berlin, with Marshal Gregory Zhukov participating for the Reds. Grand Adm. Karl Doenitz's order to German troops to cease firing came as a sort of anti-clima- x since the bulk of the Nazis forces already had laid down their arms in the face of the. Allied avalanche. April 29, 1,000,000 Nazis surrendered in northern Italy and western Austria; May 4, another 1,000,-00- 0 gave up in Holland and Denmark, and on May 5, 400,000 quit in southern Germany. A PROCLAMATION Here is a partial text of Presi-dent Truman's victory proclama-tion: "The Allied armies, through sacrifice and devotion and with God's help, have wrong from Germany a final and uncondi-tional surrender. The western world has been freed of the evil forces which for five years and longer have Imprisoned the bodies and broken the lives of millions upon millions of free-bor- n men. "Much remains to be done. The victory won in the west must now be won in the east. The whole world must be cleansed of the evil from which half the world has been freed. "For the triumph of spirit and of arms which we have won and for its promise to people every-where who Join us in the love of freedom, it is fitting that we as a nation give thanks to Almighty God, who has strengthened us and given us the victory. Now, therefore, I Harry S. Truman, President of the United States of America, do hereby ap-point Sunday, May 13, 1945, to be a day of prayer. "I call upon my countrymen to dedicate this day of prayer to the memory of those who have given their lives to make pos-sible our victory." HARRY S. TRUMAN. giant rtussia. As the Germans capitulated, behind them lay the remnants of a once army, which, like Napoleon's, underestimated the vast steppes of Russia, and then found the U. S. and Britain gathering force behind its back; behind them lay Germany's blackened cities and shattered railway lines, pulverized by Al-lied aerial attacks; and behind them in the ruins of Berlin re-portedly lay Adolf Hitler's dead body. Because of the na-ture of the formal surrender, and also because of the premature an-nouncement of the capitulation days before, some of the edge had been removed from the great event, with the result that the nation accepted poweriui Driclgehead immediately below the vital Ruhr district and on the edge of the rolling plains lead-ing eastward to Berlin. As the 1st army's bold move threw the German command off balance, the remaining Allied forces in the west soon poured over the Rhine, last formidable water barrier guard-i- n the heart of the reich. While Brit-ish and Canadian troops struck out against eastern Holland and the North sea ports, the U. S. 9th army set about reducing the Ruhr valley while one wing of the 1st joined in the attack and another kept step with Lt. Gen. George Patton's famed armored columns dashing eastward across the reich. Meanwhile, the U. S. 7th and the French 1st armies drove into the Nazis' mythical re-- GEN. DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER "Man of the Hour." the news with restraint. As Ger-many's fall was substantiated, peo-ple looked to the east, where the Japs still remain to be defeated and the entire resources of the navy and well over 6,000,000 troops may be needed to assure victory. With America scheduled to take over the occupation of central and western Germany and western Aus-tria in accordance with Allied plans to maintain strict supervision over the country until a thoroughly dem-ocratic administration can be estab-lished, U. S. military authorities fig-ure on the detention of 400,000 Yanks in Europe. The first big break that signalized Germany's disintegration was the U. S. 1st army's surprise capture of the Ludendorff bridge spanning the Rhine below Cologne, permitting Lt. Gen. Courtney Hodges to build up a aouDt in tne Bavarian Alps. As the American and British armies slashed through the German positions and turned to their rear-ward to isolate the enemy into sep-arate pockets, the whole enemy's front lost its coherence, contribut-ing to the disintegration of Nazi re-sistance. With whole groups of German troops entrapped without hope of reinforcement, their defense va-ried, with the majority of the old-er, more practical men giving up upon being cornered while younger fanatics carried on in the face of overwhelming odds. Meanwhile, the Russians had drawn up along the banks of the Oder river from the Baltic clear down to Silesia, while still other Red armies thrust eastward through Czechoslovakia and Austria. Once the Russians opened their all-o- at-tack on Berlin, in the face of the Nazi collapse in the west, the giant pincer was near its close. OFFICIAL WORD When the real V-- E Day came, most U. S. citizens got absolute confirmation of the news before starting victory celebrations. They remembered the false reports of Saturday, April 28, that had swept 3ver the nation only to be climaxed oy a White House denial of the peace rumor. Pres. Harry S. Truman said at that time that he had been in con-:ac- t with General Eisenhower and that there was "no foundation" for the peace report. Twice taken to war in 25 years and twice defeated, with nothing to show but the anguish and suffer-ing of conflict, the mass of the Ger-man people in American and British occupied territory accepted uncon-ditional surrender with a stolidity that masked their inner feelings. East of the Elbe river where the Reds stood guard, however, the populace tread in apprehension over fear of reprisal for the Nazis' devastation of Russia in four years of bitter warfare. Previously, many of the people had tried to escape to the west, only to be turned back. THESE EVENTS LED ALLIES TO VICTORY The beginning of the gigantic struggle known as "World War II' is generally set as Septem-ber 1, 1939, the day the German armies rolled into Poland. Two days later France and England declared war on Germany. Blitzkrieg tactics flattened Polish resistance in less than a month. Then began the half year of "phoney war" at the Maginot line. In the soring of 1940 German troops over- - ran Norway and Denmark, forcing out the British. Early in May the campaign that frightened the entire world opened. Holland, Belgium and then France itself capitulated by the middle of June. Italy came in on Germany's side. The British expedi-tionary force barely escaped de-struction at Dunkerque. September, 1940, saw the massed air attacks on Britain by which Hitler hoped for a quick victory. The RAF held off the Nazi bombers until winter, when weather brought a slack-ening of attacks. That autumn of 1940 was probably the period of gravest peril to civilization in many centuries. Britain almost succumbed. During the spring of 1941 Nazi troops smashed into the Balkans to aid the Italians, invading Yugoslavia and Greece. Bulgaria joined the Axis voluntarily. Germany controlled all of continental Europe excepting Russia by the middle of the year. Without warning on June 22, Nazi armies crossed the Russian border in a tremendous drive. As alarmed America prepared for defense, Japan attacked without warning at Pearl Harbor in the Ha- - waiian islands and the U. S. was Immediately at war with both Japan and Germany. By mid-194- 2, American ma-rines stepped the Japs on Guad-alcanal. In Africa the British halted the drive on the Suez canal and counterattacked suc-cessfully. The Russians epic de-fense of Stalingrad stalled the German thrust into the Cauca-sus. The tide had turned. In the fall American and British troops uanded in northern Africa. The great Russian counteroffen-siv- c began in February of 1943. It rolled fiercely until mid-Jul- when the retreating Nazis stiffened and brought it to a standstill in central Poland. Meanwhile the air offensive from the British Isles was batter-ing German cities and ports, pre-paratory to the invasion. June 6, 1944, was the big day the invasion of western Europe from England. After landing on the coast of France, American and British troops battled inland. Almost all France was under Allied control by November, 1944. Advance tank units were attacking on the German bor-der by December. A substantial German counteroffensive was checked as the year ended. On March 2 the American Ninth army reached the Rhine river. With-in two weeks this great natural de-fense line was crossed. Racing tank corps smashed to the Elbe riv-er, 30 miles from Berlin, and halted to await junction with the Rus-sians. This signal event took place on April 27. Far to the south, Ameri-can and Russian armies were roar-ing through Austria to seal off south-ern Germany. Organized resistance crumbled as German soldiers gave up in enormous numbers. Long and Short of Proved Speaker '''Nature," observed! to his audience in always tries to mak' tion for any deficient,! ture. For instance, if the sight of an eye j the other eye invari'ahl stronger, just as whe goes deaf in one earl of the other ear bee acute. And if an arm lost, the strength a the remaining membei greater." "That's certainly 1 one young fellow to hjj "for I've noticed that son has one short leg I always longer." No End to Growth Many kinds of aquatic creatures, such as fish, clams, oysters, shrimps, crabs and lobsters, grow n size as long as they live. Japs Face Allied Power We have won a war, but there is still another one to win. Before we can win the war against Japan, there is the gigantic problem of sup-ply and moving the troops from the European theater to the Pacific. The army estimates that 5,000,000 foot soldiers will be needed to de-feat Japan. Our entire navy and air forces will be required. Some men will be released from service the individuals will be determined on total service, overseas service, combat service and number of de-pendents. The bulk of the army will not be released. Divisions will be regrouped to bring them up to combat strength. It will take several months to or-ganize troops, crate and pack equipment before the units are ready to sail against Japan. Some divisions will be lucky. They will be routed through the United States, while others will sail through the Panama canal direct to a Pacif- - ic port. Those landed in the United States will be given some leave. About Four Months. The divisions that sail direct to the Pacific will arrive about five months after V-- Day. It will take weeks after landing to check all equip-ment, for additional shipping to be available to bring necessary war material Training for a new type of warfare must be undertaken. Japan has 6,000,000 troops which have not yet met combat from our forces. They are calling up an additional million. They will be ready for us. She can raise another 2,000.000 when necessary. Thete have all had youth training. BARBS . . . by Baukhage Some of the foreign delegates to the San Francisco conference thought they had got into the wrong pew. Looking at all the moving pic-ture cameras around the place, they thought they were in Hollywood. The weather was so fine for most of the confereneV that the natives almost lost that important word "un-usual" frrm their vocabularies. i It wasn't entirely western hospi-tality we found, when the taxi doors flew open when we were ready to get out they were automatically controlled by the driver. Perhaps some of the fares haj left too in- - formally in the past. t All high in shortages was reached when a San Francisco restaurant ran out of orange Juice. |