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Show IRRIGATION OF EGYPf B And Us HoJern Restoration, bj A.- ni.nl S.Ihju. H conditions or tiii: mi. H Urljln of Irrigation In llio l.inrr A;i. B Ilicniiiiucii.Mlmn 1 to Hid B Tli l'olvieclinlonoloty meeting last nUlit wu a moit luti-to-tiiii; H strucllveone. Colonel ritovousou a H ruplnl lbs chair anil Uaptnln T. (J. H llalluy octel ot secretary. The H audience wm a largo nuil clltctlm- H luttliu one. The Tllirljnl question H win tint of tlio IrrlRntlon of Ancient iH lryjtauJ Its Modern Restoration, hy M A-lrolral Belwyn. Tim ,oncr li an ' U ows: B Almut seven jevt bro my Attention H eras rciueste-l lu n st-tii'me torruakln 1 n thlpcirial from Alexandria to Cairo, B Ly tome frlu Us, unit 1 reiorteil thul 11 wtillo tlielu were no ureal ctltilcullies 11 ol it jiliy.lcsl nature tu overcome and Hie canal iiukM certainly to nude, titven a inoUern ttpntllluro por mile, ! no modern etiatnsnlii could lie Induced ! tu uio It on account ol trie delay In- iH Viilvcil, and tlio nam it cm so would operate to prevent nuy ralltatilo com- ! iwtltloii wltli Ilia mlailiiK rillway. tint In tliocouro of tlio luve.Ujtttloii I was led to exsitilno tus c-anilllloua o tH a was leu to exsiuinu mo caouilloua o tlio Ji'llo above Cairo, and 1 wm lui- mediately struck with tlio curluui tact tliatou ineiiioitainurtteiiiiisiiuiau cataracts (rem Assouan lo near Kliar- toum were very lumrly cquldlataut from lacli other Blung tlio courtoo' the river. a'ur.uliit; tho Inquiry, I was not lone; In arriving at thu oonolu- nun that tint liad nut teen Ilia work of nature, I tit of ancient and sc-leniirlu !4 engineering for tliu 'iiri,n of liolli I mutation and navigation, euKliiocrln I atouloboM In llacsinuei-lloii and co. I utsallultseiecutlun. Tiiatlt liad alio I been moot ucc-tnaiiil In lta result wm ivldent from (tie reiualuaot Irrliiatlnn iliaiuieisatili stretcliect over many do- Kieeaiifloalludoou both alJea of Hie ilret atwellatt-y thonncloiit rocorJt of Uguilthlni; cltii-t, wliero now only I litrrcii wastes aru lu ho louiid. Thee I ihatiucls and thixe rulna are by no I meant conlloel to the valley ur the 1 Kile pruier, but retcn tu thu eonlnus of tliu true cttsert. In latltujo alao, even Ktiartoum dova not mm to have l-mian ltnin.sai.lo southern limit to toulerillUIni; luilucucu of tlila ureal I IrrHKilun sclitnio. rjj Ion at tun lei . 5 lu 1K I'tulOK He dltagree uu the mire iH tiou ot datet amom; thumtelvei H aumetiuuaby uioro tuan u lliouiand year and are nnvilllng to occeit the H luluutoMid acqurate chrouoloity now attainable from the tacrmi wntiuira at U their ifulle.lt la lu vain tu exvot that MM we can fix Hit date of the ureat work ilM ' 'iKU'atvd Irrigation, but no doubt It ! ws exlendtd Irum ibe itrat to tlio JIM alxth ontaractlui aucceatlva cunquutt ) KavotUe poofr, dial to oUerve the iit laveltand Idea to oomrel lhn labor S)-V neruttary. If by po uolnc; nomid IJaB Iribea v.erufoiiU to become agricul. 3)(M lu,l ",lj teltl-J communltler, eU.M llrfj " "ot "I'P'ove t puou com uldou ill iradliiK to aucll reaulta rather than ! aJmlre the u-o lied ((lory ofadevaat. TI f utlnir coi.queror,Wlii, Imanoauchnluia or elevated otjeck of action. S I Jluttevar, we :ny coiialder that , I Wade Ililfeli rnl rjemueh at thu 1 I wojiid cataract, J.'IJ lett abjvo the a Meliicrrauojn, wirn regarded aa the J: I bounuary tulhe.ttyaof rjiothmeatlie llnullil. ejrmli!iiiJKumuohoii 1 either bank ol th Nilo liavlnir beeu Si ! lounded by Uaertteti the m atout J 1 VOW II. C, ten ye m after the nutn 0( 1 Abraham (In Wyv. w. orl-olO H.O.). mil Ihothmea the 11 auccecded tu the 111 throne ul El(yi,t,ougli an Infuut, on 1) "e auddcii dealjof nla father (who II I'W married hl;owu al.ter, ti reen III lUuu), lulCOU I.e.. a date which 111 au tu thuwuby Jmi IrrefnUblo evl-JU1 evl-JU1 deocu to be thr of the ixtdut III iliuuli Kityplolnitta haveiettled that HI lUtur.o, II wa Jo l'harjoh of mat Bill event, b cauae Uy luv been 1ml aaayiromlbo thh by tlisevlJeutly l conuited tatant thai Hit, Hay nf m thu chlldrea of l-ael In JJyj.t w, 434 lean, luclt ol liil, wtiioh la a rta Illy proved b. u text of the illble, M In not one but I jmi.iy piaox, lo be m Ibufaet. Hut I fuund amoug tliu m lutcriptlonB that iNllo watutdvait W rulona abovu r )ieh,"at a perlud J". !'.c!! DP. KJ1 t'Kl't o'culntea at in0 11. C, abd i Iraaa 17UU1I. C. (a m oitrerenre of i Trly two hundr.d B f eurtl but "llio Tck gave way and I "o Mle ever d r ceaaed to water Ue renlona alujl" Uoiiaiqueut ,, I no ulvl.loiu utjdiitraclloiM lu the I l (then caun Ulie rlie herd kluira SKI tuociedvd In tl r atiaclia. Rir nur M jurpweat i rracif It will be iiilllulent If wb actuuia lit at Ataouau wm H oilKlnaily ettabllied thu llr.t turh of B ."Ve,.,, ''!)S'"U ""' n ! HB i ir 'mi '" ",IJ """ 0"UUe a. ilefaclllilet, aud at tills dam Imcke.l H lUetlvirup ISO iia luHinneh,wlifr StV inn "f "W"" 'S'ln anotner lai 1H "'"t1 the thirl, ataraot. Did the Wlglnaldwlirmr thullrat dam know H ou I, of tliu falot thu river and H e.ilthoi course tllx Irout lh com. IB f ." 0',!h1 lnlr was thh au nr. H Itr. y dtcl.lon, rluence,! aolely ,y M Uiaai0?.1 fiiM" 'IVV. o'lluT. H i ,T. V.'" '" ""' Vr' '"'P 'ttauce, H 7 0, . ,. I'" i','" lt Aaaouau belim- 1 wmmi l itatlDu """" """I nclr.t Irrl- tt'ttreii JrSfm-w .T"" "ol 'H P.ttafitf" on.oflh. Si ".'"rn""10"-'' ".h''at":!8" r II '"irlH" 1 f .''""Hie nil,.! Ii.?f, rl"ll iniaiHl, Jjk 1''ll.l.apuu.''T" ul""': yards acrca. the Nile (if my reodlef tldtl ijltonit, at the ,ef rataracl) arattlll vuioiuatvery lor Nile, mil will enable tho work toll reitorej with great advantaget whonover audi a l on no It uei'ldeti on, I wlh here to i c perinltled lo ro.d the word.of ejlr Annuel Hiker at tl thu gren retulta lo be gained by reiirtln r to .imh a iwiuy utexpendlliirealn 11ypt, n it ouy , vliiw of the romniervial reluriii, but hIko ue tho ino.1 eirectual tnellil of reducing nil the -avj.ro trlbot lo nettle! net-tle! unu civli, d oindlilon, while eiiormoualyiiicri! wing tho reveuueby thu wlieluveitiuoutofcipltalat n-.oru than ccmpi.uud lntcru.t, tio in ire faviimh o opiwriurilty than the present c mid bufounj far tie 0li-lalinugof 0li-lalinugof money at low Inlcieit lor uub wur. 1 navonoueof u oil-culttlonawlilrhl oil-culttlonawlilrhl mule n, contldera. blu Ueiall, when 1 tint atuditd the autject now at hand, but 1 remtintirr that tlio oincluiiout I then loarhed wero brim lyat lollows: llaoa dan would have (i be fromelih.y tunluety ftet high and eight leet wile rt the top. '1 lie bam ought to ha 17,1 f,6t wide exclualvu ol piert, perdue-, revet, meul, eluw and unuve tun lam u thu liverbel. Tno Ciintaiilt (ntunii ,g n wuth of river ot llw yarda ai at Khartoum an I Cairo, but In tovernl I atancealtw. uld lajinuch le. 1 e. tulali'dat t!,LBJ,ujj cubloyar.a. Tho Coal, If built Willi coucretii blociia, of each dam, J-5,WXI,(l l. The revenue derivad from lingation, duet and i-o n-mere n-mere at resent charnet lor water and llgulUlla at lickt, $I5,(IW,UJJ par au. mill. Itrclalmed lauda, t l.o li-aatd auaa tpay tworur.ls. one tothnculll. vator ami one lo the g.verriuieutor laudlard, tlio mual prauilcu lioln to conalJer that n tlilr.l of the returna ram laud cjltlvailou muitgo it the all (which In lir pi cau Ue dltpaniej Willi), a third to the cultivator anJ n llilnl lo the landlord. In thla Inttaoce ui course the leudvra of thu capital htvu a primary lien lor their capital mid Interest, In-terest, until paid oil, and tliogroiiul landlord ttket tno baiaueo, to bo atrlot. ly uevoted to tlmllar tiuriwiia, till thu Irrigation iiyHciu ia computi; afier the tultlvator bat lu over) case itcelved his fair halt of the prjoroas of Ilia crops ami has uld the water rent. No lli.i winiluuvil of a iDinid aud ..--. ...v .."ivdiii wi U IWUI1I4 UUU uutivllizable opulallin cm by thla iLtaosb cheukuiilrnaud eveulually be rooted out. Tub iwpulailuu of tho rioudan Is not moro adJloted tu wan. drrlm or w.r than any ol'jers of their cingeiiert 1 1 A-nct, Imi they ure under the fatal ucoit-lly it wm-UeruulntearcUui wm-UeruulntearcUui load, water, ptmire nuu aiuae. Wueu tneie itreubuiuab n they will tetlle down and turn tnelr spoialubi irunlng liooka own i roi er. and pa, laxea, chwaa or aco pt suvtrnore, and buy mammcturta. I no over advuuclng boundary ot IrrUitbn will also lie the buuuuaiy of ilvd xitiou and nm on, and expentive uriuet will no tuugcr bo nquired tu keep lu order conteutod populalloua. It mutt be remembered that luauutactures aru liuwnere si prosperous at lu Iiioho Ij. calltlia where the raw praduit Is to be found In clotn iroxlmliy to cheap lauor, which it largely a retult of cm up food ilM that tno nearer wo aii. proaeh the tropic il aud luterlroploil Ojuntrlea, the leas does man reiiuir-iof clothleg oruulnialfoui. Hut want la an abeoluto nociadly Is ehalo uud water ind the abode, while Itciumt Iw had without wator retarJa Iho evaporation aud ecouomUai Its own primarily uctutiary supply of miltturo III tho sill. As wo fallow un the course of the great river, of wlnoh wo have beuj considering tho value to limn ol a small section only, we Hud In tho torilj Olio a maguillceiitox. nmplu of the rlth natural vegitatlon duo lo rainfall ecouomlied by shade. In other seulloBs of the equatorial boll, sail .y deterlt and a stunted Vegetation reduce the traveler to deepalr. but near tho great Inland waters of Central Africa It la tho endle forest and it ranVJ vegetation that mako the chLf t -iiipialiitoldlauleyaiid hit Hand of cxploreis. lu thu Nile sourons-we see, however, for the Nile Irrigation evi'ry eiicoiiragementuiti the luture-. Tho Albert Nyauxi alone, out of which the Nile directly How,. 100u feet higher llieu Khartoum obovo sea level, giiotawurauce of a poMituent wator Uply of a magnitude uuari-I uuari-I toacuabla by any of maii'i reservoirs. If ever It Is needed for tho country abuve Joudo Koro. Toaliuwhuw, not only agricultural manufacturoianJ comiueri-r. hutalw mining, may be allocled most lavor-ably lavor-ably by Irrlgatlou, I may tlr.t aUvert o the fact Shawn by tho deciphered Inscription that the tlr.tcato of ouu of the Lgypllau monarchs who diwlrej o develop the copper uud turquol.o 111 ..l" '.". .h1' country wat to siok a well, which hat been called nrtetlan, nnt.,l!, !'?ly scarcely entitled to ., , rr,le,l"""U. to supply iho miners' wauts, but no Western miner Is Iguor-ant Iguor-ant of tho value of a "miner's liioh" or water, and raauy a Hume haa .... .'".V" '" """ Weiter,, cmin try with better reiultt ui to prollt than mauy a claim supplied by It. It , Karcely necessary lo say that aa to the dl.trlbution of the water or the Mllo stared by dams ot each uihiract. uolhlui! could bu moro simple for and aru thirsting for i renewed sup. ply whlon they will no doubt traiitnalt Ui the old ceniers of ngrlouitural fortll-Ity. fortll-Ity. ellher neod I say what a wealth pt tropica prodULl. would ur dow through the lock., whlon mutt I o a aojuiiet to eaoh dam, or the return cir' iii.'n.'" V,",.",r"cl"",', Koodato pay for them. Hut I may cotiUudo by aaylng hat s nee my arrival here In Hej.Ieml bi-r I have heard that tho good work haeieguri, and Hint tho maturation ol tlioA.Bju.inurbtr, tho Nile has been seriously enterlaliieJ. I havo now oil y to regret thu 1 c.nnot supply II Her and moro valuable Informal oil on tho subject tu the absence ot my .elallrd not.s and memoranda, and i,J" Vn "f,10" '.'" y""r rlloiice, hop i at Iho ill.cmtlon will 1111 up mi ju i.ne..ir which luu, compelled |
