Show WilL WRITE ESSAYS ON OUSE fLY children Hildren to Be Educated En on n Dangers of Fly and Reasons for Abolition ILL KILL 1700 RATS ON ONE STEAMSHIP I Mosquito House Fly Flea nd d Rat Blamed by ScientiSts Scientists Scientists for Human Ills BY FREDERIC J. J HASKIN has been e estimated that the per pcr- ns wb odie annually of in insect borne borneS S ses would woud populate a a. city the size ew BW ew York lork l rr r L. L 0 O. Howard of b of entomology y of the der derent de- de 1 r rent ent of agriculture declares es it bist his bis hise e t 1 that malaria alone costs the then theU U n d States annually that the damages es in in- u S b ball all di carrying ins insects ts to enough to support th thIan the jean Itan Ian army arm ami nd n navy It is only I Cl recent 3 years re ears rs that the I uth has hasen been en learned of the part parta a by bv in into elt ts in in the propagation tion iea tease ease e. e For oi oia r a great many years r ars it kno known 11 that thit the bite of the I t fh fh- m iu A frita Afria was ra fatal to horses hones d l ore re recently it was learned that je e fIman t te Ih liv was responsible i lie be dreaded disease known as 1 Li piD sickness but until the ilO Jj was forthcoming oming that malaria and andow andow ow f fever e er wei lause caused b by mosquito s. s even en tn the scientific world never ver ed now ow wide of the th-e truth were were aller all allper per er con conceptions of the causation of r r's s diseases icie t Fear of Disease a Is s true th tha en in the days of ot muel mud the prophet men looked Upon l lue ue of milf mie mice as aF I a dangerous thing d dB d up ul golden images of oL them j ir gods in order that they might ig t I of them It is is alto also true that in In ma- ma mathe the bp natives always al ob observed that of epizootic fic am among n the thes s s-as s followed 1 I b one otie of bubonic gu th the pi people Fr Frequently bo comm communities unit were deserted b by ferA inhabitants inhabitants because of their r a par far o of bubonic plague ping can occur only r bre e conditions are are present must be water crocodiles and fn 1 The tiT tl- spends much of its itse e n C i the backs of crocodiles and n I propagate its species without It i C of the tho crocodile It is ti ted that there thre are loTe re deaths eat gaj in in Africa from the sleeping si sick sick- k- k lS ie ile the house hoUf fly fh is is' is not a carriera carrier a a. pacific infection as is the flea in pome b mc DIC plague or the mo in el 3 reT T er maaT malaria and anti d dt dengue ngue it is isa a It r rr of all alI sorts sort of infection because e Its appetite It Iteen Its s ecu een pronounced the most dan danger danger- er- er known the assertion being a that hat more deaths are caused by it 1 ibY an an- another other animal or iD insect in world orld The nation on wide crusade a as been carried on for the abate abate- of the fly nuisance anle has borne such sueh pI Li and seems to be gathering cf ef- ef J ct t eness ness as it goes Prize ess Ss 1 P. P written tins this winter in the pub- pub and nd parochial 1 schools throughout Unit 1 1 States as to the he habits of ot e C y Y v and hind reasons for its abolition 1 Volition otio of ot Ply Fly Would Save Many germs have been found to toC toive C ive ye e da day davs daon on t the he head hearl wings and andt t f a fl fly and nine days daY in its alim ali ah- rY tract It has lis be been n estimated m Ir er ITi careful investigations of water D conditions in ID New York that the I tion of the fly fl would C prevent t 50 J Sl sea ses of sickness and one tenth one tenth as n deaths in Manhattan alone The making the investigation jd da a map msp of Manhattan island and andIs Is II dt eho-ed eho conclusively that where wheres s ere thickest t typhoid t fever and tery eases cases were most numer numerous us n. n i persons persona will reca recall the famous tin tion picture fh fly films which were ib ted d last A year ear throughout th the tho pa y y A city of Indiana forbade p exhibition of this film upon the iund uni that it was too disgusting to presented d in in public tb ic Plague Costs Lives i- i h worst insect borne borDe disease disse with ll 8 the thew-orid thew world ha has hag to deal is bubonic Since Sine 1894 it has become what as pandemic tb tbt t is is it the world It started pina and now DOW exists on every conent cont con- con eat ent t and in two fifty two different counS coun- coun S There are approximately a mil mil- eath a year r from this one dis dis- 0 o n How to overcome it has been a problem and the foundas 0 ins s of a successful campaign against were laid only in 1894 InY th at year vear a laboratory expert fl ed ersen dlF discovered c ered that tha t the germ R. R eh caused epizootic in rats was the theas then n fas as that thai which caused bubonic gue in 10 the human race rare Later the lish th government startled by the at io pred prevalence of th the disease ge LI india appointed a a. commission n Ii 11 wn a as the Indian plague commis- commis 51 nd ad provided it with funds for 6 exhaustive investigation m o of the the ole Ig matter This commission J king n with the public nt health alth and ine me hospital service of the United less tes te has bas demonstrated beyond loll hll sjon that the flea is th the medium ii f ugh lugli gb whir whir-b i bubonic plague plaue is d. d The only way to get rid of the theis is is to kill off of its animal host A Ac Jc c m iu biting an infected rat swallow bubonic plague sIto s. s Ito Ice Crusade Against the tho Rat Eat at had a lone and tedious rt t st bubonic plague ue the fight I f OS Z fl the form forni of a Ii IruE crusade ade against the i The h hI public health and marine boa bov er ilp of the United States took w go of the and rats rat and n nd ml squirrels bv liv the hundreds of hands ha have havn het been n k killed killel lerl The bu- bu plague fia j is is well WE'll quipped equipped for its of transmitting the disease It Ithe live ive he for long periods on next to tol l Continued on page pase 4 WILL WRITE ESSAYS ESSAYS' ON ONI I HOUSE FLY Continued from pa page e 1 1 nothing When it bites it jt has lIas a perfect perre t little ittle sur surgeons surgeon's blade with wit which to tomake wake make tile the incision anti and a pall pair of saws law with v wh which hoh h to widen the wound Then it t s a sort of syringe syringe e with ith which it t pump pump- a a. supply lv of saliva into the inCision after wh whIch ch it a II little timi into play and draws blood from the ho cut Rats Adapt Themselves to Conditions On One of the principal efforts of those nito ho combat the bubonic pl plague ue is to ex- ex terminate the rat from th til shins shin of th the world those from in in- p ports Practically all all aIr countries are re rc enlisted in this effort and th the mater mat mat- hr er has been the subject of an m international lonal agreement ani among n the leading n nations na- na lons After iter a prolonged fi fight ht against the tite hc rat in San Francisco Sur Surgeon eon Hold by iv of the public health and marine marine hospital hos hoe pital lital f Ervice service declared that the chances chanres are arc rr that the skip er of Noah Noah's s 's 8 ark started started start start- ed his voyage with more rats than his hia manifest showed shoed He believes that the theas rats as of today may have inherited their wanderlust t from their f forbears on th the tha ark and that this may account for the fact that they are are the most widely tray tray- led of all an animals Ho Tie says he has seen seena a It rat gallop with every of enio enjoyment along a cable caMe from a J church steeple to the second story of a hotel across the street and that they are so eo eoa o I a able 1 to adapt themselves to a. a any y situation situa situa- tion that they have been found in the refrigerating plants of ocean going oin vessels yes ves eels sels with their fur an inch long Jang to keep keel them hem from freezing As s many as 1700 have hae me been killed on a fl single steamship in tn n fumigation work All sorts aorta of methods math meth ode of getting rid of rats have ha been pro pro- proposed posed Poison and traps and cats an anti do dogs s seen seeth to be the principal reliance after fumigation A number of kinds of f rat Tat killing bacteria have been proposed pro pro- posed but none of these has baa proved sufficiently suf deadly to make their use advantageous ad ad- van Yellow Fever Caused by Mosquitos As is is well known yellow fever lever and malaria are caused b bv by two families ol of mosquitos the former b by bv one branch ol ot or orthe the family and the latter by bya byn a n t branch of the anopheles family There is is no malaria in Hawaii because the eles mosquito does not DOt exist there The l islands lands have plenty of ia mosquitoes but by careful quarantine have o been able to prevent the infection of yellow fever from getting into their Pacific paradise I In Tn the case mase of both of these diseases the mosquito gets ets the germ reIni from a person person per per- son suffering suffering- from the disease by b biting the person It is shown b by laboratory tests that the germs of malaria eat at through the walls walla of the mosquitos mosquito's stomach and form little sacs the outside outside out out- side of the stomach where they multi multi- ply ph Afterwards these sacs burst am and the germs went their way war to the salivary salivary sali sali- vary glands of the mosquito It takes take ten days a s 's for the germ erm to pass from the stomach into unto the tIme saliva salha the anopheles anopheles an an- mosquito takes its tiny tiDY surgeon sur cur geon eons treon's g knife and I saws aws and be begins ns it its operation on the human Y victim it use uses saliva as a lubricant When the germ erm of malaria gets into the blood it make makes straight for a red rell corpuscle It enters enter this and shortly thereafter breaks in in two and becomes two germs This process pro pro- process cess case breaks the th coronado and sets jets free fre two germs in in the blood These in in turn attack other corpuscles corpuscle and the chins chills and f fever ev er are caused by bv the poison created ere era by the germs and time the cutting down of the supply of active red corpuscles corpuscle in the time blood It Ii has luas been be n demonstrated that bedbugs bed bed bed- bu bugs s carry eany it a contagious ious disease in in tropical trop trop- ical ral climates climate's and that the Rocky mountain moun moun- tam tain tick is the means bv by which th the spotted fever of of the Rocky mountain Tenon region is IC conveyed |