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Show nhuni:t.i oi' iioiu i mi. KlltMV. I'm (e-nfiiry MmiaSne. for I'ebru-ary, I'ebru-ary, i otitalna a vtry Inatrurllvn artlclo entitled, "Tlie Discovery of Hold In California," written by Joint H. Jill-tell. Jill-tell. Accompanying Hie attlclo aro narrathra by Charles II iJllleaple ami 11. C. Ke ruble. Mr.Olllwile furnl.lies an account of the dW-otery aa related by Mr. Marshall, (ho chief figure lu (henarrallvc, whtlo Kemblo conrirtiir It by lilt account. Inlheaiininiirof 1117 the number of I nltudHlalctcltkeuelii California did not exceed two thousand. The most imminent matt was John A. Kullir. He waa a native of llaleu, (lerniuiy, lait n cltlisii of tho United Hlateaby naUirallnlloti In Mlsuurl, riiougli In 1S47 by mtiiullntloll ulio a Mexican, ) et he was looked on aa an American, lie settled, In 1ST), at the het I of navigation on llio .Sacramento rlvir. Here ho Inillt a trui lure which afterwards became known aa Holler's I'ort. He was Invceted with ofllclal authority by Mexican Uoiernora. Hut liowasalwayangtrdedaa thn friend of Auitrlcans. In 117 Mutter conceived tho Idea of building nflo'ir mill and a aivr mill. Aroumlthe I'ort at that time was a matt named Janice W. Marshall, n native of New Jirm-y. On the S7tli of August an agri-enieut was nudo beta een Hotter nud Marahall to build thu mill. The latter to entt and tuperlntond tho work, the firmer to furnish tho aii piles. The laco aeleet-vd aeleet-vd for the aiw mill waa Coloma, t) mltea from the I'ort. At thla ttrnu teveral members of llio "Mormon" lattallon nrrlud at I'ort Butter. This tmltallon waa lint organ Ileal at thu Missouri lther, then marched overland, und garrisoned Han Diego where, on July 10,lt waa disbanded. Tho members who now arrived nt llio r'ort wciuonthilrway to Kilt Lake. Hutter hlrwl a nuiiiWr of Hum to work on hla mills about the 14.li ofrie tvnibtr, IS 17. Tlie namea of the "Morruotii" w ho dug the liea 1 and tall race of thu aaw mill were AU xau der Stephens, Jam rl. Ilrown, Jaiuea linger, William Johnston, Aiarlah Smith, Henry W. lllgler, nil of the battalion. There were three olht ra not "Mormons," named Whumer, Bv'ott and ltennetU Jolm H. lllttcll i) t lu lila article". Tho first record of the d!ou ei , an 1 tho only ono ma loon the day of Us incurrence, in-currence, waa In thn illary of Henry W lllgler, one of tho Murium latHirers nt Hie null, lie waa an Viiiirliun by blrih, tin iiajonngmiu, anl n iw a respeelel rltluiiof Ml, Heorga, tlbih He was In Hie habit of ka. i !ng a regular roeord of hla notable olirv.itl ins an 1 oxparioiK-, , aehatlug toploa fir remark wllhereilt-ableju wllhereilt-ableju Igmeat. Illsjiurutl kept during his sors Iim In the Mormon batallon an 1 his subspieut stay lu Calif mila Is one of llio vahublt) Itl.torled diouments of IhoHuste. (lithajllli of Jauuarv, 1SSI, In the eicnlng, lllgler wnita In hla diary, ' Thla day some MuJ of metal waa found, III the lall-racn that look, like gold.' The pigeof Hlglcr'a diary on whleli the entry of the Itli It ma le, la reproduced repro-duced In fac almlle In Hie Ceitturj ar. tlele. The worli, "llrit discovered by James Marshall, the tsiaa of the mill," are Interpolated and written after the entry mentioned above. The Century Willi rat) a Hut lllgler himself male the Interpolation. If ao, aomei-xpla. uitloti should be published from him. IliISW Marshall published a letter atallug Hut he hit discovered gold at Coluiua about tho IOtliofJanuary,ISH. A second letter written by him lu Ui7UlJ that Ihodlacovery look place on the Hlh, loth or 2uth. In IS7U hla biography was laiblistu-d and that flics tho discovery on the lUih. Thla bitter date was looked ou aa tho 1 rr-clwdayof rr-clwdayof the discovery until ISs'l, when the diary of lllgler waa ex. amlned. Tint was roniaml with llio diary of Axarlali Hmith, uu-other uu-other member of tho Mormon Hit tallou, and also with Butter's diary, and It becamu ipolto clear that the 1! lib wat thu true day. John B. Hlttell aeltled thla lnt, and waa tliollratto publlili It lu January, 1633,, One fact la beyond tiucalluu, that lllgler made the llrlltuii record of the event, and on the iry day. Tyler'a History of llio Mormon Hat-tallou Hat-tallou lias the following arograph; "Oneraboiitlholtllhnf January, 1819, water Haa turned Into the rare ebon the Mft-lillll. The r-u e waa fiuud goml, but the water, III leaving llio head of the lltunn ami reaihlugthe head of the Pill rare, baling cunildonible fall, washed a Jiolo near the ba-io of llio building. He higluruod olT, .Superliitindiut Marahall unit bulowto tee what elU-ct the wash wot likely to have. N hll Ihua examining, examin-ing, hla e) ea euiiglit sight of yi Uorr ablll lug metal, which l.e pUkod up, not knotting whatltwaa, but belloiwl II to be gobl. An assay prote.1 his lonJiMliiro ts.rrt it. The nuggets were la value from Ita ci uu to IU o ilullara luch." Ulltell and Tylir both concur lu nay-lug nay-lug that Marshall wat the rial discoverer dis-coverer of gold. Jlrothrr Illglir la jet nlhe.au I he muat havu u vivid ruuiiiu-bruiicu ruuiiiu-bruiicu of such an Importantorcurn uie aa tho dlicoteryof gold. He had tho lutelllgento and Industry to keep a diary In bis j until. Hue h anion's nar-ratUelt nar-ratUelt uortli eomithlug. In thu Interest In-terest or truthful history lie thould eak. Thla dlacoviry had an Initwrtant In-llueuce In-llueuce uu Hid world. Hlttell says: "Hot Mur-hall's IU..I lid not limit Ita great Iniliilllcea to cur coilllliont. It aroused und stimulated industrial activity In all Hie liadlng natlona, II profoundly agltatrel all the eoillitrlra of houth Amor loo. It ahuok 1'ilroi-e aul Ash. It luiised tho first large migration of tho Chinese acroe tho Paellle-. It oj-oned Janau to Iho trallloof Chilitondeui. It threw h bill of ateim around Ibe glolw. IIkIik t I llargnvn, anl leiight him where to flu I anl how In o n iiplh" gold deposits if uitralli. II built Ihe Punama lallren I, II brought the l'a Hie Or. an w lll.ln the il ,mtlu or active com Inerce lilrecllyanlliidlrcrtly II ad tod f i,M,rvn to tho stock ,r lha I icrioua luetala, and by giving Hie dl-tllbutb il of this last emu to the l'uglt.li apeaklug nation, n 1 led niueh to their great Industrial Indus-trial an I Intello tuat liiflui nee." And Willi thla great event of modern times, the lilalory of the "Mormou" a..!plo will forever bo Identified. Thu hovel of the humble "Mormon" liiua leillo the production of greater wealth, Hiati Hie aword of Crua whu con-ipierd con-ipierd Croeaua, and aubjugated I.ydla nnd llabyloiila, jes, and greater than that obtained by Alexander In Persia, by Cortex hi Mexico and l'ltarro lu l'ertl. The gold yield of California In 1843 was f J,0i),O)U, liil3liJil1oni),(, In lVifl M,t,IW, In 1S1 J)1,1)W,000, when It reaclied Ita reulth. Tho yield aw-ragee npw I2,Oi),ii0e) atinually. riiegoljyli'ldallogelhir for thn patt forty-one j curs Is e-stlnmti.l nt l,-00,. (WfiU, Hut California la not depend-'ent depend-'ent on gold for lit prosperity. IU agricultural Interest ate now lit mainstay. |