OCR Text |
Show rih? g Bator. ,e bowtli satment) ure help if? them ton tor today; letter la it makes c kM reset ad reoeive to I'Mb V LIS ASKS FOR G0N8ERVATI0H OUR OF RESOURCES Special Message Is Sent to Congress by President Urging Action by Lawmakers. CONTROL OF WATER POWER Executive Recommend! Leasing of Valuable Privileges on Government Domain to Private Interest Under Conditions That Would Prevent Monopoly Question of Fostering Soils Most Important-Reclama- tion and Irrigation of Arid Lands Also Treated Upon Preser- vatlon of Our Forests. Washington. The president transmitted to congress a special message on the subject of the conservation of the nation's natural resources. In substance it was as follows: To the Senate n(J House of Represents-lives: , In my annual messAge I reserved the subject of the conservation of our resources for (lUposttloii In a i pedal message, as follow: In sevrral department there Is pre-sented the necessity fur legislation looking- to the further conservation of our national resources, and the subject la one of such Importance aa to require a more detailed and extended discussion than can be entered upon In this communication. For that reason I ahull take an sarly opportunity to aend a special message to conn reus on the subject of the improvement of our. waterways; upon the reclamation and Irrigation of arid, semi-ari- d and swamp lands; upon the preser-vatio- n of our forests and the of suitable areas; upon the of the public domain with a view of separating from agricultural settlement mineral, coal and phosphate lands and sites belonging to the government bordering on streams suitable for the utlll-- ;' satlon of water power. In I860 we had a public domain of acres. We have now 73I.3M.0S1 acres, confined largely to the mountain 1 ranges and the arid and semi-ari- d plains. We have, in addition, 308,005.975 acres of ' ul ' ' land In Alaska. their proper extension, and the bono running ten years or mori to be taken up by the proceeds of returns to the reclamation fund, which returns, as the years go on, will Increase rapidly In amount New Law Requisite. Respecting the comparatively small timbered areas on the public domain not Included In national forests because of their isolation or their special value for agricultural or mineral purposes, It Is apparent from the evils resulting by virtue of the Imperfections of existing laws for the disposition of timber lands that the acts of June I, 1871. should be repealed and a law enacted for the disposition of the timber at public sale, the lands after the removal of the timber to be subject to appropriation under the agricultural or mineral land laws. What I have said Is really an epitome of the recommendations of the secretary of ths Interior In respect to the future conservation of the public domain In his present annual report. He haa given close attention to the problem of disposition of these lands under such conditions as to Invite the private capital necessary to their development on the one hart', and the maintenance of the restrictions necessary to prevent monopoly and abuse from absolute ownership on the other. are Incorporated These recommendations In bills he has prepared, and they are at the disposition bf ths congress. I earnestly recommend that all the suggestions which hs has made with respect to these lands shall be embodied In statutes and, especially, that the withdrawals already made shall be validated so far as necessary and that doubt as to ths authority of the secretary of the Interior to withdraw lands for the purpose of submitting recommendations as to future disposition of them where new legislation Is needed shall be made complete and unquestioned. Disposition of Forest Reserves. The forest reserves of the United States, some 190,000,010 acres In extent, are under the control of the department of agriculture, with' authority adequate to preserve them and to extend their growth r far as that may be practicable. The importance of the maintenance of our forests cannot be exaggerated. The possibility of a scientific treatment of forests so that they shall be made to yield a large return timber without really reducing the supply has been demonstrated In other countries, and we should work toward the standard set by them as far as their methods are applicable to our In conditions. Improvement of River. I come now to the Improvement of the Inland waterways. He would be blind. Indeed, who did not realize that the people of the far west, and especially those of the Mississippi valley, have been aroused to the need there Is for the improvement of our inland waterways. The Mississippi river, with the Missouri on the one hand and the Ohio on the other, would seem to offer a great natural means of interstate transportation and traffic. How far. if properly Improved they would relieve the railroads or supplement them In respect to the bulkier and cheaper commodities Is a matter of No enterprise ought to be conjecture. undertaken the cost of which Is not definitely ascertained and the benefit and advantage of which are not known and assured by competent engineers and other authority. When, however, a project of a definite character for the Improvement of a waterway has been developed so that the plans have been drawn, the cost and the tratlic definitely estimated, which will be accommodated Is reasonably probable I think tt Is the duty of congress to undertake the project and make provision therefor In the proper appropriation bill. One of the projects which answers tho description I have given Is that of Introducing dams Into the Ohio river from Pittsburg to Cairo, so as to maintain at all seasons of the year, by slack water, a depth of nine feet. Upward of seven of these dams have already been constructed and six are under .construction, while the total required Is 50. The remaining cost is known to be $63,000,000. It seems to me that In the development of our Inland waterways It would be wise to begin withthis particular project and carry It through as rapidly as may be. I assume from reliable Information that it can be constructed economically In ten years. I recommend, therefore, that the public lands. In river and harbor bills, make provision for continuing contracts to complete this Improvement, and I shall recommend In the future. If It be .necessary, that bonds be Issued to carry It through. What has been said of the Ohio river Is true In a less complete way of the Improvement of the upper Mississippi from St. Paul to St Louis to a constant depth of six feet, and of the Missouri, from Kansas City to St. lxuls to a constant depth of six feet and from St. Louis to Cairo of a depth of eight feet These projects have been pronounced practical by competent boards of army engineers, their cost has been estimated and there Is business which will follow the Improvement. As these Improvements are being made, and the traffic encouraged by them shows Itself of sufficient importance, the Imof the Mississippi provement beyond Cairo down to the gulf, which Is now going on with the maintenance of a depth of nine feet everywhere, may be changed to another and greater depth If the necessity for It shall appear to arise out of the traffic which can be delivered on the river at Cairo. Disbursement of Public Lands. The public lands were, during the earliest administrations, treated as a national asset for the liquidation of the public debt and as a source of reward for our soldiers and sailors, tater on they were donated In large amounts in aid of the construction of wagon roads and railways. In order to open up regions In the west then almost Inaccessible. Alt the principal land statutes were enacted more than a quarter of century ago. The homestead art, the and culture act. the coal land and the mining acts were among these. Fraudulent Titles. The truth Is that title to millions or acres of public lands was fraudulently obtained and that the right to recover a large part of such lands for the government long since ceased by reason of statriched. utes of limitations. There has developed A work of the utmost Importance to inIn recent years a deep concern In the form and Instruct the public on this chief mind the public respecting preservation branch of the conservation of our reand proper use of our natural resources. sources Is being carried on successfully This hs been particularly directed In the department of agriculture; but it toward the conservation of the resources ought not to publio attention that of the Public domain. A vast amount of state action Inescape addition to that of the dediscussion has appeared In the public partment of agriculture (as for Instance prints In generalized form on this sub- In the drainage of swamp lands) Is esject, but there has been little practical sential to the best treatment of the soils suggestion. It has been easy to say that in the manner above Indicated. the natural resources in fuel supply. In The act by which. In semi-ari- d of forests, in water power, and In other the public domain, the area of theparts homemust be saved from stead has been enlarged from ISO to 320 public utilities, waste, monopoly, and other abuses, and acres has resulted most beneficially in the general public Is In accord with this the extension of "dry farming" and In as they are with most the demonstration which has been made proposition, truisms. The problem, however. Is how of the possibility, through a variation In and how save to to utilise, how to conand mode of culture, of serve and still develop, for no sane per- the character raining substantial crops without the son can contend that It Is for the comof such a supply of water as mon good that nature's blessings are presence has been heretofore thought to be necesonly for unborn generations. sary for agriculture. No one can visit the far west and the Noteworthy Reforms. lands withAmong the most noteworthy reforms country of arid and semt-arl- d out Initiated by my distinguished predecessor being convinced that this Is one of were the vigorous prosecution of land the most Important methods of the conservation of our natural resources that frauds and the bringing to public attention of the necessity for preserving the the government haa entered upon. It remaining public domain from further would appear that over SO projects have been undertaken, and that a few of spoliation, for the maintenance and extension of our forest resources, and for these are likely to be unsuccessful beCheap Rail Rate Necessary. the enactment of. laws amending the ob- cause of lack of water, or for other reaI um Informed that the Investigation sons, but generally tho work which haa solete statutes so aa to retain governbeen done has been well done, and many by the waterways commission In Europe mental control over that part of the pubhave shows that the existence of lic domain in which there are valuable Important engineering problems waterway by no means assures traffic unless there deposits of coal, of oil, and of phosphate, been met and solved. Is to traffic water In for Service. Funds addition to conadapted and, carriage at Inadequate thereto, preserve trol, under conditions favorable to the One of the difficulties which has cheap rates at one end or the other of public, of the lands along the streams In arisen Is that too many projects In the stream. It also appears in Europe which the fall of water can be made to view of the available funds have been that the depth of the streams Is rarely generate power to be transmitted In the set on foot. The funds available under more than six feet, and never more than form of electricity many miles to the the reclamation statute are Inadequate nine. But It Is certain that enormous to complete these projects within a quantities of merchandise are transported point of Its use, known as "water power" sites. reasonable time. And.yet the projects over the rivers snd canals In Germany The present statutes, except so far have been begun; settlers have been and France and England, and It Is also as they dispose of the precious metals Invited to take up and. In many In- certain that the existence of such methand the purely agricultural lands.) are stances, have taken up. the public land ods of traffic materially affects the rates not adapted to carry out the modern within the projects, relying upon their which the railroads charge, and It Is tht view of the best disposition of public prompt completion. The failure to best regulator of those rates that w have, not even excepting the governlands to private ownership, under concomplete the projects for their benefit mental regulation through the Interstate ditions offering on the one hand suffIs, In effect, a breach of faith and commerce commission. For this reason, icient Inducement to private capital to leaves them In a most distressed conI hope that this congress will take such take them over for proper develop- dition. I urge that the nation ought It be called that may the inaugu-rato- r ment, with restrictive conditions on to afford the means to lift them out of steps of the new system of Inland waterthe other which shall secure to the the very desperate condition In which ways. For reasons which It is not necpuhllo that character of control which they now are. will prevent a monopoly or misuse of This condition does not Indicate any essary here to state, congress has seen the lands or their products. The power excessive waste or any corruption on fit to order an Investigation Into the Inof the secretary of the Interior to wltn-drathe part of the reclamation service. It terior department and the forest service desire of the agricultural department. The refrom the operation of existing only Indicates an statutes tracts of land, the disposition to extend the benefit of reclamation sults of that Investigation are not needed "t which under such statutes would to as many acres and ss many states to determine the value of, and the nehe detrimental to the public Interests, as possible. I recommend, therefore,, cessity for, the new legislation which I not clear or satisfactory This power that authority be given to Issue, not have recommended In respect to the pubhas been exercised In the Interest of exceeding 130.000.000 of bonds from lic lands and In respect to reclamation. I the public, with the hope that congress time to time, aa the secretary of the earnestly urge that the measures be tak'night affirm the action of the execuInterior shall find It necessary, the en up and disposed of promptly without tive by laws adapted to the new condiproceeds to be applied to the comple- awaiting the Investigation which has been tions. Unfortunately, congress has not tion of ths projects already begun and determined upon. timber-- ' thus far fully acted on the recommendations of the executive, and the question as to what the executive is to do Is under the circumstances, full of It seems to me that It Is difficulty. the duty of congress now, by a statute, to validate the withdrawals which have been made by the secretary of the Interior and the president and to use the secretary of the Interior temporarily to withdraw lap pending submission to congress of recommendations aa to legislation to meet conditions or emergencies as they arise. Publio Land Along Streams. With respect to the public land which lies along the streams offering opportunity to convert water power Into transmissible electricity, another Important phase of the publio land question Is presented. There are valuable water power sites through all the publio land states. The opinion Is held that the transfer of sovereignty from the federal government to the territorial governments as they become states, Inoluded the water power In the rivers except so far as that owned I do not by riparian proprietors, think It necessary to to Into discussion of this somewhat mooted question of law. It seems to me sufficient to say that the man who owns and controls the land along the stream from which the power Is to be converted and transmitted, owns land which Is Indfspens-sbl- e to the conversion and use of that power. I cannot conceive how the power In streams flowing through public lands can be made available at all except by using the land itself as the site for the construction of the plant by which the power Is generated and converted and securing a right of way thereover for transmission lines. Under these condition. If the government owns the adjacent land indeed. If the government la the riparian ownerIt may control the use, of the water power by Imposing proper conditions on the disposition of the land necessary in the creation and utilization of the water power. Value of Water Power. The development In electrical appliances for the conversion of the water power Into electricity to be transmitted long distances has progressed so far that It la no lontrvr problematical, but It Is a certain Inferonce that In the future the power of the water falling in the streams to a large el.tent will take the place of natural fuels. In the disposition of the domain already granted, many water Dower sites lave come under absolute ownership, and may drift Into one ownership, so that all the water power under private ownership shall be a monopoly. If. however, the water power sites now owned by the government and there are enough of them shall be disposed of to private persons for the Investment of their capital In such a way as to prevent their union for purposes of monopoly with other water power sites, and under conditions that shall limit the right of use to not exceeding t.ilrty years with renewal privileges and soi.ie equitable means of fixing terms of rental and with proper means for determining a reasonable graduated rental, it would seem entirely possible to prevent the absorption of these most useful lands by a power monopoly. As long as tM government retains control and can prevent their Improper union with other plants, competition must be maintained and prices kept reasonable. Soils Must Be Conserved. In considering the conservation of the natural resources of the country, the feature that transcends all others. Including woods, waters, minerals, Is the soli of the country. It is Incumbent upon the government to foster by all available means the resources of the country that produce the food of the people. To this end the conservation of the soils of the country should be cared for with all means at the government's disposal. Their productive powers should have the attention of our scientists that' wv may conserve the new soils. Improve the old soils, drain wet soils, ditch swamp soils, levee liver overflow soils, grow trees on thin soils, pasture hillside soils, rotate crops on all soils, discover methods for cropping dry land soils, find grasses and legumes for all soils, feed grains and mill feeds on the farms where they originate, that the soils from which they come may be en- w over-sealo- A GOOD COUGH Father' IN LIFE Method of Determln. Ing Profession That His 8on Should Follow. Novel A man whose only child la a boy of ten was telling some of bis friends how he hud found tho boy'a sphere In life. "When he was a baby of six months," be explained, "we followed the old Chinese custom of putttuK him on a rug In the center of ths floor and surround ing him with small objects to represent different callings. The Chinese always do that .with their first born sons. We put a small box of pills to tand for medicine, a prayer book for the ministry, a pen for literature, a pencil for Journalism, a gavel for law, a key for science, a purse for banking, and so on. "The youngster sat crowing In the midst of the things for a few minutes, and then loaned forward and grabbed the pencil. That he toyed with and then threw aside. Then he tussled with the prayer book. Kven that failed to satisfy him, and the pill box fell Into his bands next. That he kept; the reason, of course, was evident. Hy shaking It about he gained a little clicking sound that pleased him. "Now, of course, he'll have to study medicine. We may let htm dabble at the two other professions, Journalism and the ministry, but we'll have to have an M. D. attached to his name somehow. So have the fates decreed." Drug Clerks Poorly Paid. Drug clerks In Norway get from 37J to JjJ6 a year. aril Bill Simple Home-Mad- e Remedy That la Free from Opiates and Harmful Drugs. An effective remedy that will usually break up a cold la twenty-fou- r hours, Is easily made by mixing together In a large bottle two ounces of e of Virgin Oil Glycerine, a of Pine compound pure ' and eight ounces of pure Whisky. This mixture will cure any cough that Is curable, and Is not expensive aa It makes enough to last the average family an entire year. Virgin Oil of Pine compound pure la prepared only In the laboratories of the Leach Chemical Co, Cincinnati, 0. , For Infants and Children. half-ounc- - 1 Tho Kind You Have Always Bought 3 PER AIC0HOL-- CENT Avertable Preparation for As- simiiaiing the Food andRegula-lin- g the Stomachs and Dowels of Bears Signature , BITTER DISAPPOINTMENT. Promotes s Digcstion,Cheerful-nes- and Rest Contains neither Opium.Morphine nor Mineral r M Tf Not Narc otic. tfouors.ivmflnfot Rx)UtSKt ti A . . III fi i CmritmUSt4tk htrm Sttd 7W.fe" Kind Lady It must be hard to find you have inherited a taste for beefsteak. Sandy Pikes Yes, mum ; especially when yer find dat yer haven't inheriti ed de beefsteak. There tluu .11 lac Simile Signature of Is more Catarrh In thts section of the country oilier duraer. put twtellier. and until the but The Centaur Thirty Years Company. mm ' NEW YORK. ll Bill-- ' t ' ! I J (1 Guaranteed under the Poodaij) Exact Copy of Wrapper. UJ Tot Mamma nshh, mtm Htw. constipation. He Was an Old Hand. not anger me!" aha "Do For Over of U M Incurable, tew yean was .iippum-tot a itnat many years dwturs pronuunred It a local dttvaes and presrrtbed kiwi remedies, and by conxtAMly failing to cure with meal Uvatment, unuioiinmi It InrurahM. Hclenee has proven Catarrh to be s rorwtltutkinal Mid therefore require emwiltuti'Mial treatment. Hall's Catarrh. Cure, manufactured by F. J. Ch't.cy Co., Toledo, Ohm, Is Ihe only Const II llt.on.1 eure oa the market. It Is taken Internally In doers Irum 10 drop, lo a teaepoonful. It aeta directly on the blood and miKxma .iirluree of the ey.lem. They offer one bundred dollar fur any cam it falls to cure. Bead fur circular! and testimonials. Addrtw: F. J. CHI NLV CO, Toledo, Ohio. 8ld or Drucslata, (Sc. ' I'Uli lor Take ilau's Family Uso A perfect Remedy forConstica lion , Sour Stomach.Diarrhoea, Worms .Convulsions Jevcnsh-ncs- s and Loss Sleep. that said, sternly. "How am I to know when you are angry?" he asked. "I always stamp my feet," she answered. "Impossible," he said. "There isn't room for a stamp on either of them!" That fetched her. Lippincott's. ' ItraaWSBaWeV aTaafatriii 53 a f m Vf.' a IS alT' . aP " II M t .J br P. X I VI . If You Are a Trifle Sensitive About the slie of your shoe, many people wear smaller shoes by ualng Allen's the Antiseptic Powder to shake into the euoen. It cures Tired, Hwolleo, Aching Feet and gives real and comfort. Juat the thing for breaking In new shoes. Bold everywhere, 2,'xs. Ham pie sent FKK. Address, Alleu B. Olmsted, Le ttoy, M. Y. Koot-Kaa- MB MAKE GOOD GARDENS To Produce Good Crops, you must hay Good Seeds, Thoroughly Tested and Graded. mm OUR BIG CATALOG Gives you a Complete List of Juat What You Need for your Planting. Your dealer handle our Seeds. Our CATALOG is FREE for the Asking. ' In Demand. "That's a very popular man." "Yes; he'll listen to the details of your summer trip without Insisting on telling you about his own." WRITE FOR IT AT ONCE TheBARTELDES SEED CO. DENVER, COLO. Did you ever have a good, Of course boy's stomach ache? you have. A little dose of Hamlin Wis-sr- d Oil will chaw away a colicky pain in the stomach like magic. 7 p The old proverbs depend largely on the point of view. For Instance, you can't convince a mouse that a black cat brings good luqte. Pettit'e Eye Salve for Over 100 Yeare has been used for congested and inflamed eyes, removes film or scum over the eyes. All druggistsor Howard Bros., Buffalo, N. Y. One way to acquire a reputation for amiability Is to agree with every simpleton you meet DAVIS PAINKILLER has no mbaiitule. No oihvr rcniedjr la M effective) for rlH'uniallKm. lnnibtnro, ftlirfnetta. neuralgia or sold of any tort, Fut up lo &c and duo butties. J, Every time we see a sponge it minds us of some men we know. re- fill! feffitslife A TtaRAYO LAMP i. a high-gratamp, gold at a low pries. . imps that cost more, but there U no better lamp at any MA. I iU. The Riime. , lUm Jll Mlw price. u . .uutiK y -- i luiucTau aro al things in a lamp; he. parts of the RAYO LAMP am perfectly constructed and there is nothing known in the art ol for cbtlilren teething, BJUBinaUou, allajr. pain, eoeue the iriinia, cur, wind col lo reduces to. SAcaoulUe. Men deserve respect only as they give it I iniw wc Hope is a magic lantern which often shows impossible pictures. Mrs. Wlnslow'a Soothing Ryrnp. 7 A fw ONLY ONE "IIROMO Off MXE. That I. I, AX ATI VK HUOMII VIIMNK. Ia.k fur the of K. W. (.KoVK. teed the World oer UiCurea Cold In One iaj. SBc. n: wni.m.aingmai couij taa totfie S STEADY WHITE g Krerr tor value ol the KAYO as Suitable lor any room in any house. . ererywhrra. If pn.I at yonra,.wrlte piive circular Uj the nearest Am ncj at the device. r COiNTINENTAL UCHT OIL COMPANY tliwurpomitxU W. N. U., Salt Lake City, No. An Ideal Present When He Courted You He didn't complain if you were t Kttlc despondent or irritable at times. Now he does. He's the same man. He didn't understand then. He doesn't now. Then he thought it was caprice and liked it. Now he thinks it is caprice and doesn't like it. But now he's busy getting monev. If he realized the full truth he would be more than t.. in artMi 11 V anxious to have the wife h Wee oV. th nVV.. to restore her to true womanly health. Most men don't know that when woman is weak, nervous, irritable and despondent, there is invariably something radically wronz wiin me ocucate icminine organs witn whicn her entire physique is in sensitive sympathy. There is one, and Juat ens remedy, tried and proven, that will put thing's right when ths feminine organism it weak or 1 tmi 1 V diseased. It Is NO STROrriNG ' perfect health to ths weakened or fans, snd makes them strong. It makes wifehood happy, and motherhood easy, It makes h short and almost painless. It helps to make real "new women." An honest druggist won't urge upon you a substitute. This Favorite Prrrrmf inn" ? a rtuea eliu.n' extract of native medicinal roots and contains no . .V l . injurious or drugs. A full list of its ingredients printed on its outride wrapper and attested as full and correct under oath. NO HONING THt KNOWN WORLD OVER .... naDit-iormii- ig ...... Dr. Fierce'i Pteaaant Prllcti regulate and strengthen Liver and Bowels. Easy to take at candy. Hs Vnt 2tV V 'Y i I HOWARD PARKER'S I J HAIR Ctaw Pmi " 71 Cu.ipand E. BALSAM and twaanrtat Ui. hat a lniurl.nl front. lalls to Keetore Urmj Youthful Color7 tiik d.aVntJtl9 BURTOM, Ifti a h.lf VhVA?.9."' liver, tfwi Gold, Mr: Xioc or t opper, II. Malllaa and full prlee ll.t sent oo sppUretlnlT iwvlnpes umpire work snll.lied, (jarbaoal National Baua. 1UU1... RAW FUI.S pM$. P5 m eomplei. our !, .prion llt end Ulgbeat prleea paid and ettrcuiry returns. I UH HIMH WUOi. t o. CU hk tekN,Rrt. al-- rt Stora-ac- h, siring to buy an vf hi no adver. coiimra should iiuiA upon having what they aak for. reluuog all uLaautet or imitations. tued in child-birt- 1 of this paper de Reader .JSL Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription. This medioin. restores 1 FOUND HIS SPHERE MIXTURE. BEaR cnpiea. MofTItt IN THIS . ... MlHin Karnl Ik . P. ent ami ant M heeutllu, ,. nolo and nipies Wlur ned cuemes ore- Meek a, t4IS.BeMdVt U lestlM, tfeL ThnT nmT PATENT Wiun h. M le.i" (mT iue Honk W trln( iltir'reldatw,, l'at.Atl;.,kn K.VatlilrmUin.U.U PUTNAM FAD EL ESS7" 11 Y M Color more oondl trioMsr Und fatter colors thin in other tfre. One 10c otckioe eMon ail fiber. The fire la eold UleaUans , Colon. MOMKO E O aajBtrfsentsilhoutripfiinasiiarl. Wet, lor IreiSoakler-HosteU- ie. V MMeoHltok? i |