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Show ofanother way ing a sick husband or being left -widow, she work for bread. In a recent editorial of a newPalier H was argued that Marriage does not rob a woman of the right still to be a wage earner under approved conditions, Many wives re justly proud of the ability to maintain their own resources and even contribute to the household fund." The maxim has it that the treatment of women is an index to a nations rank in civilization. And undeniably true this adage proves to the traveler who tours the world and finds In the most primitive states the most debased and injured womankind, and In the most advanced states the loftiest and freest women. Herbert Spencer wrote mournful and great words when he observed that in the history of humanity as written the saddest part concerns the treatment of women. "And if we bad before us its unwritten history we should find this part still sadder. I say the saddest because though there have been many things more conspicuously dreadful-cannibal- ism, the torturing of prisoners, the sacrlflcings of victims to ghosts and gods these have been but occasional; whereas the brutal treatment of women has been universal and constant. "If, looking first at their state of subjection during the we pass to the uncivilized, and observe the lives of hardship borne by nearly all of them, if we then think what must have gone on among those still under peoples, who for so many thousands of years roamed over the uncultured earth, we shall infer that the amount of suffering which has been and Is borne by women Is utterly beyond imagination. Utter absence of sympathy made it inevitable that women should suffer from the egoism of men, without any limit as to their ability to bear the hardships. Passing this limit, the by rendering the women incapable of rearing a due number of children brought about disappearance of the tribe; and we may safely assume that multitudes of tribes disappeared from this cause, leaving behind those In which the 111 treatment was less extreme. Australian Does Not Love Wife. In Australia Sir John Lubbock found little real affection exists between husbands and wives, and young men value a wife principally for her service as a slave; in fact, when asked why they are anxious to obtain wives, their usual reply Is that they may get wood, water and food for them and carry whatever property they may possess. The Australian women are treated with the utmost brutality, beaten and speared in the limbs on the most trivial provocation. "Few women will be found upon ex aminatlon to be free from frightful scars upon the head or the marks of spear wounds about the body, say3 "I have seen a young woman he. who, from the number of these marks, AMERICA LEADS ALL THE WORLD well-wor- States Almost Alone in Free, dom and Opportunity That Is United Afforded to Gentler Sex Their ideas la business, law, medicine or education are not despised, for their share of the national activities and responsibilities claims recognition and respect A natural accompaniment of womans inferior share In the Industrial and social Institutions of a nation is her subordinate position In the home. She Is not living in a world where her wishes are accorded much considers tion. Religion, education, politics and business are in the hands of men, who give to the other sex such quantity and quality of each as seem to them fitting. Old Idea of Ownership' Gone. In America, however, as Is outlined by Mrs. Commander and is observed by all observers, the old relationship of owner and owned Is giving place to one of equality and comradeship. Man does not marry with the Idea of securing a patient chattel with enough Intelligence to work for him, wait on him and minister to his physical He seeks a friend, a compan-Iona comrade, a woman of independent personality, who will be congenial In her tastes and habits, but who will live a life of her own, not be absorbed In and lost by his. American husbands are proud of wives who succeed in the business, professional, artistic, literary or dra semi-civilize- . , in America W&roen d Are tha ArowedHulers tfJociety T IS in the United States that women revel in beds of clover and walk on velvet and roses, an ample reason, no doubt, for their celebrated wit, charm and For they are free to develop beauty. their mental faculties, free to enjoy toclal life and free to work. Ii America women who want learn-lif'iud Latin have fewest restrictions placed upon their place and manner of education. In America and In America alone they are the avowed leaders of society. And In America they have the largest liberty in choosing a pro-- , fesslon. Russia clubs are only to be lawful, and in France and Germany conditions are little better, In America 4,000,000 wives, mothers and spinsters are organized into clubs and societies; and of the 300 occupations recognized by the United 8tates census women are represented la all but nine. Carroll D. Wright, commissioner of labor, declares that it Is plain that roman is in open rebellion against the traditional curse, against the doctrine of the Pauli estimate of womens iphere; that she has determined to aasert her equality in many directions ud that she has entered and occupied the great field of remunerative emAlthough in beginning ployment." , American Women Not Humble. woman of America is charac-terlieas "independent; forceful, capable and far from humble. Obedience Is furthest from her thoughts. Civil marriages rarely contain the word obey; some of the churches have dropped it; when it is uttered it is cither regarded as a Joke or explained u a desire to please, prompted by which would be dually applicable to the husband. Self sacrifice, formerly a cardinal romanly virtue, Is no longer in high hror. is rapidly hklng its place. The American worn-b- t has imbibed a new doctrine, that of freedom and happiness. She does sot believe that she should be that her life should be hedged lth limitations, or that she is foredoomed to suffer for the sins of others, foreigners coming to this country crer are known to comment upon American woman as clinging, 'told, humble, dependent, submissive fclfaacrificlng, without confidence in Jer abilities or inclination to protect "er rights and convinced of the superiority of man." On the contrary, as Mrs. Lydia Kl&gsmlll Commander testifies in her of American woman, study be g always remarked for her force, freedom, intelligence toi capacity. She is Intent upon not the pale reflection of me one else, and upon developing Possibilities of life to the utmost, has great respect, and she com-d- s the respect of others. 8exe Stand on an Equality. Naturally women sustaining such relations to society and so changed In character hold a different istlon to men. The sexes are more 2 Parity, says Mrs. Commander. r 'toes are more closely associ-d- , , they have nore jn common, and cp understand one another as never tore. The women are not something 'toft front the national life, a sort imInnX ,0 race' NpPt entirely for mp8tlc service and reproduction; toy are l becoming people, half the ticn. growing to be considered reBp,,(.t0(j 8 gucj, Their opinions Public ouestlons are not ignored. The self-tolanc- al-re- d na-Bn,- n It Is In the United States that Wbmen Walk In Beds of Cloven matte world; who attain positions of prominence in philanthropic, educational, or reform organization, or who are possessed of any special ability or knowledge. In the conservative countries mar-- , riage is all important to a woman and of secondary interest to a man. The stories end with the wedding of the heroine, for it settles her career. She is now merged in her husband and no more is expected or heard of her, Meanwhile the man pursues the even tenor of his way, his marriage being but a more or less Important incident. Hut the American womans growth of Interests outside of marriage has increased the Importance of marriage to men. The more developed woman of the United States touches her husband's nature at many points and fills a larger place in his life. He discusses public affairs with her, confides in. her the details of his business, asks her opinion, and frequently follows her advice. In matters of common inter equal weight esrher wishes carry American wife wltn his. In brief, the holds a position in the respect as well as the affection of her husband that makes the American man a proverbial matrimonial prize. Of course, all American 'women are not free, respected and happy. There are wives in the United States who are bullied and bossed, treated with contempt, beaten and even murdered. But in these also are many Instances where, so far from the wife obeying, the opposite extreme almost holds true. There are many American husbands who, Instead of exacting of their wives, yield It to the fullest measure, men who make a fetich of their wives wishes and work unceasingly and uncomplainingly to gratify even their whims. And the every day American husas a band recognizes his wife ambidesires, tastes, with person tions and interests of her own, and deacknowledges her right to their conHe velopment and gratification. siders her as a human being, analogous to himself. Women for Clubs and Societies. AmeriEven the most conservative of to women their allow can husbands soJoin a W. C. T. U., a missionary Is womans club. Nor ciety, or a wife turning an there objection to the time. She her in spare honest penny or give mus e dressmaking lessons in the intervals of honsework conceded that she It Is even generally of necessity en er stress under may world without prejudice S toir iemtolnltr. The mot dome. hav Incurs no disgrace If. e peasants cost from five to six dollars sum, "which It was pleasant to r celve but painful to expend." The daughters also ard freely sold, and the brothers of each family bought common wife whom they rented without hesitation to strangers. In New Zealand, according to Moerenhaut and Ward, a father or brother, in giving his daughter or his sister to her future husband, would say: "U you are not satisfied with her, sell her, kill her, eat her; you are absolute master of her." Women of Tahiti Half Starved. Almost at the origin of society, writes Letourneau woman was subjugated by her companion; we have seen her become In succession beast of burden, slave, minor, subject, held aloof from a free, active life, often maltreated, oppressed, punished with fury for acta that her male owner would commit with impunity before her eyes. In the Soudan, where the removal of clothes is a sign of obeisance, women may only come unclothed into the presence of the sultan of Melll, and even the sultan's daughters must conform to this custom. At the court of Uganda stark naked, full grown women are the valets. Indeed, throughout the primitive world women are beasts of burden, servants, slaves. Not only the wife of the negro, the Hindu, and the Heights, but also the wife of the present Slav of the Balkan peninsula and of Russia, Is the misused slave of her husband, and as tbs result of the effort to escape labor, we see the unwholesome Interchange of wife and child labor in the factories which would make greater gains from the laborer at the expense of wife and . . child. Indeed. In its origin the family Is held to have been "simply an institution for the more complete subjugation and enslavement of women and children, for the subversion of nature's method in which the mother is the queen, dictates who shall be father, and guards her offspring by the Instinct of maternal affection planted in her for that purpose." Japanese Widows Blacken Teeth. In India the subjection of women has had its headquarters. The suttee or the burning of widows on the funeral pyres of their husbands Is not yet wholly extinct, although forbidden by law; and the remarriage of widows is only beginning to be permitted. The widow at best leads an Isolated existence, cut off from her natural associates, condemned to base foods and a life of practical servitude. In Japan the widow must blacken her teeth and shave her eyebrows. Throughout the orient women are taught to address their husbands as master or lord, whereas the men speak to their wives as slaves and servants. The oriental proverbs de dare that "woman is like a slipper, made to order; wear it if it fits you. throw it away if It docs not." "Woman Is like a snake, charming as well as venomous." "Woman should always be In good humor and revere her husband, evec though unfaithful, as a god. . . When Nerves Are Jangled. nerves "Diseased queet play said the pranks," specialist "I bad S patient who once spent five months in a hospital, taking a rest cure. He sufTc fered from Insomnia constantly. reach his home it was necessary tc spend a night on the cars, and he looked forward to this with great dread. Even when well he had always slept poorly on a train, and he looked forward to an absolutely night So he supplied himself with a powder in the hope that it might help wide-awak- s a little. "He didnt need the drug, however. He slept eight solid hours, far bettei than in the quiet of the hospital. Now a little coffee or smoking or any ex cltement in the evening will give him In the United j5tate$ flar insomnia. Yet when he once gets to sleep he is the hardest person In tbs house to awaken. The firecrackers ot the nights of July 3 and 4 he nevei hears. A big fire on the block, with all the noiBe of the engines, didnt arouse him. "Then there was a woman who had nervous prostration so badly that shs was confined to bed and had to have I Bo wj Down to Womans. La (Bj appeared to have been almost riddled with spear wounds. If at all good looking their position is. if possible, even worse than otherwise." Taul du Chaillu during his adventures in central Africa found two distressing cases of apparently wanton torture of women. Among the Kaffirs, relates Herbert Spencer, besides her domestic duties the woman has to perform all the hard work; she Is her husbands ox, a Kaffir remarked to a traveler; she had been bought, he ( argued, and must therefore labor. Chieftains Wife a Complete Slave. Prof. Ward observes that the comwoman to man is plete slavery of shown by the account of a Malagary chief who had scarcely seated himself at his door when his wife came out, till crawling on her hands and knees his licked then and to him, came she safeet. All the women in the town manluted their husbands in the same rener. Almost everywhere In Africa, woman Is the propLetourneau, ports has the right erty ol her husband, who to use her as a beast of burden, and as he almost always makes her work does his oxen. In certain Himalayan regions the women are a veritable merchandise which is bought and sold. At the time the of Frasers visit a woman among r In India, Man Reigns 8upreme. trained nurse. Early one evening her family were startled by an awful commotion and shrieking In her room. They rushed up to find her In a corner killing a mouse with the back of a hairbrush, while the nurse stood in the center of the bed, screaming." Weight of Human Heart. The weight of the human heart averages from nine to 11 ounces. 3-- AN INCIDENT AT 13 L THE MOREHEAD By D. tK. BEDINCER Ri (Copyright, by ShorUtory Pub. Ce.) Reaching the Morehead coal mine It, old man, said George, sjmpathet from the outside world Is accomplished Ically. by leaving the train at the little vil"It ain't that I rare for the money lage of McKee and driving at right but to think o' that devil escapin me angles to the railroad five miles up a when I was almost in sight o him ai rocky ravine called "Buckles Hollow." we passed McKee," answered (hi After going thlf distance the ravine sheriff, mournfully. spreads out and forms a basin wherein "George," I cried, "cannot we go are the company store, office, miners through the tunnel and still have tlms houses and drift mouth of the More- to ride to Powell before the man cas head mine. walk there?" A quarter of a mile farther on the "By gum! I hadnt thought of that!" ravine comes to an abrupt end, and cried the sheriff, brightening up, but though it is practicable to continue in In a moment his face fell. the same direction on foot, It is ImNo use," said George, "there isnt possible to ride or drive farther. a horse within three miles of the Up The Morehead mine presents a very pie over the creek, and he cannot take unusual appearance, for although there a horse through a tunnel" Is every equipment of a modern mine "But a mule," I said, "surely one of for the digging of coal, there is no vis- those little mine mules will carry ible means of transporting it to the him." market. Again he shook his head. "We In truth, although the Morehead have not a mule on the place that Is produces COO tons of, coal a day, not low enough to go through that tunone bushel of it is ever hauled down nel." elecBuckles' Hollow. The low, flat We looked at each other in silence tric motors come out of one black hole in the mountain side, drawing after for a moment It was surely hard them long trains of little mine cars luck for the sheriff, and I sympathized loaded with coal. Then, Instead of with Lim. Suddenly George shut one eye and leaving them at a tipple to be dumped into railroad cars, they simply cross gave a low whistle. Then he cleared the hollow on a low bridge and disap- his throat, as he always does when he pear in another black hole like the Is going to talk business, and turned to the sheriff. one from which they came. "Mr. . Sheriff, he said, "wha! will This apparent hole was an aban you give us to help you get that man was loaded doned mine, and the coal on cars at Silver Creek at the other and the reward?" "Ill certainly give ye a hundred dolend. lars apiece if it would be of any use." COO tons of coal disapEvery day he answered. "But it's too late. So mounone of Into side Jones peared tain and was dumped into railroad there's no use talking about It." "A hundred dollars apiece?" excars bn the other side. "You are claimed laughing. George, I was spending my vacation with an old college chum, Qeorge Martin, who not talking business at all, Mr. Sheriff. was the superintendent at the More- Now, If you'll be reasonable In the terms, we may be able to do somehead. One day after he had taken me thing yet." ThPre was something in his voice through the mine, and while we were that brought the officer out of bis a office in the smoke, enjoying sitting with a start brooding 1 me: for George suddenly said to "If you can do anything, boy, then got to tell you, Ned, that my mare, Llnnle, has developed into a regular for heaven's sake spit her out quick," he cried. "Don't waste time discircus performer." 4 a few dollars. It may about putin she I does said. "What "Indeed," mean of a criminal. How the capture do? Ring the bell and count handmuch do you want?" kerchiefs?" "Suppose we make It an equal di"Not quite as bad as that," he anbetween the three of us, anvide swered. "I've known how to make swered George, without the quiver of on her shake hands and stand up her thouhind legs for a long time, but to top it an eyelash. "That would make a sand apiece. to I when this started all, morning For an Instant the sheriff stood mount to ride to McKee she kneeled undown and put her nose to the ground dumfounded, as though he did not as If she wanted to say her prayers. derstand, and then he began te I think she must have been In the swear. George looked at the man with a ring at some time In her career." smile. "Wbat do you say about it? Before I could answer my attention It was the sheriff's last hope, and be was attracted by a horseman galloprealized It ing at full speed up the hollow toward "Have it your own way, then," he us. his said, sullenly, after exhausting ofHowever, be did not stop at the stock of profanity. fice, but passed out of sight toward "Ned," cried George, "reduce this the bead of the ravine. to writing, and get bis agreement "I wonder what in the deuce he is honor's signature, while I get things noto?" a up ejaculated George. "Ive and away he rushed to the tion to get on Llnnle and follow him, started, stable. Just to see." "Bill, he called to h man standing I remembered the abrupt ending of near "run out tbe motor and the ravine. "I guess he will not go one ofby,those flat trucks.big. Hitch on a in I far that direction," said, "and mine car, too." very we can hold him up when he comes In less time than it takes to tell It, I back." had the signature of Nehemlah Brown Thirty minutes later we heard the sheriff of Spencer county. West Virclatter of hoofs and rushed to the ginia, to a paper binding 'him to dedoor, expecting to see our man re- liver )2,000 to George and myself in turning from the bead of the ravine case he captured the fugitive and re Instead, there came another horse- celved the reward. man galloping up the hollow. Hastening to the drift mouth we "Well, this one will not get by so found George with his mare standing easily," George said, stepping out into beside a low, flat car used for hauling the road. the cutting machines in the mine. This Ills action was unnecessary, for the and an ordinary mine car were at rider suddenly drew his horse to Its tached to a motor. haunches before us. Come, Llnnle," said George, and "Hey, did you fellers see a man on gingerly she stepped upon the flat car, a gray hoss?" he shouted. the platform of which stood barely a "What do you want to know that for?" foot above the rail. Good girl,' said George, patting said George, quietly, for in the moun tains It is not always best to know her on the neck, "lie down," but 'Linnie too much. did not move. He tapped her fore"Young feller," cried the man. get- legs with the whip, but her response ting red In the face, "Im the sheriff was to. rear up and nearly fall off the of this county, and that man Is a fu car. I could see George getting red h gitlve. Did you see him or not?" "Yes, we saw him pass here half an the face and losing his hour ago." A crowd of miners had gathered and thd spectacle "Then its all up for me," said the were enjoying vt sheriff in a hollow voice of despair, George's discomfiture. "Put salt on her tall," shouted one He's out of the bead of the hollow by this time, and he'll get up the ridge man. Into Pennsylvania before I can pos "Play dead, old girt." cried another. The magic word was spoken, and Linslbly make up tbe distance." nie gracefully reclined at full length "What did he do?" I asked. , "He shot two deputies who was on the truck. . arrestin hint for boss stealin," an called on," "Jump George to the swered the man. "Ive been chasln sheriff, as he placed himself by the him for two days, and theres 13,000 re head of the mare. "Off for Silver ward for him, dead or alive." Creek," he called to the motorman. "How far is It to the state line, It all happened so quickly that 1 George?" I asked. stood dazed until I saw the little trala "Five miles." begin to move. Then I tumbled into "H I'd a gone up Silver creek the mine car after the sheriff, and we stead o followin him up the hoi were whisked away out of sight Into low, said the sheriff, "I might V rid the black tunnel. up to Powell and headed him off there, but I was so close I thought sure I'd Two weeks later, as George was catch him 'fore he got this far. opening his mall, I saw a grin spread Powell is the little village just on over his face. That old boy is the the West Virginia side of the state kind of a business man I like to deal line. Theres a road from McKee to with," he said. "Hows this for Powell by way of Silver creek. Wheth- promptness?" er purposely or not tbe fugitive had "What on earth are you talking trapped the sheriff in Buckles hoi about?" 1 demanded. low and taken his chances on foot to "Yours Is here, too," be answered, get over the ridge and out of the tossing me a slip of paper. state. The slip of paper was Nehemlah "It looks like you are up against Brown's check for f 1,000. |