Show LEi THE GREATEST STATESMAN NiW Romes Aged Pontiff Towers Above All His Contemporaries So States Great Historian Justin AkCarty 1M PIs Sole Survivor of Mighty Group in Which Bismarck and Gladstone Figured I London Sept 5Pope Leo is the last survivor or the great European statesmen states-men of the century During recent years Gladstone Bismarck and Pope Leo Xril stood high above all other living statesmen of Europe A lilllc further back we come to such men as Count Cavour and Thlerrf and Gulzot further back sllll to such men as Chan nlng and then we arc among the great names that belong lo tIle earlier part of the century In recent years however how-ever Gladstone Bismarck and Pope Leo XIII have stood alone I desire to Judge Leo XIII only as a statesman and not us an ecclesiastic Tlio Inception of Ills whole career maybe may-be described as a passion of philan j lliiopy to adopt the words which Gladstone Glad-stone In my OWl hearing applied to I I Dan OConnoll to Improve the condition condi-tion of the toiling classes all over the world to mitigate the troubles of the overtasked lo abolish slavery In every form white and black to lighten the load of the heavy laden to spread the I gospel of peace among the nations o natons Those have been the purposes 1 of Leos career I is doing no moro thaI bare I juslluu to the motives which seem always al-ways to liavo guided him when we say that his ambition has been to make the I life of the pontiff u practical Illustra j i lon of peace goodwill and more an intellectual advancement among men I Leo came to the throne of the papacy at 0 time whiii Lho wordly conditions I of that throne seemed to be hopelessly shaken The Pope haH had no Imperial boverolgnly left to him and it must bo J noted that the sympathy of the civilized civi-lized world went for the mosl part with that of United Italy to whoso political union the papacy owed the loss Of Us I 1 temporal possessions Leos predecessor prede-cessor Pius IX was a man of pure i and exalted purpose but ho was almost altogether an ecclesiastic and he had I few of the qualities of a Statesman He was not a man endowed with the peculiar pecu-liar capacity which might have enabled him to regain for the papacy that influence I in-fluence arising from now conditions and the spread of new Ideas seemed at thc time to have been taken from it I However Leo appears to have from the beginning of his career made up his mind that the position of the papacy was only to be recovered by a maslery of the new Ideas and an acceptance as far as possible of the new condition The Pope has been a student from his earliest years There Is I a distinct suffusion suf-fusion of the poetic Influence In his nature I na-ture which has found expression indeed I I in the composition of many fine pieces of poetry especially In Latin hut also I I has blvon him that which his been of J I far greater Importance to Ills career j that quality of dramatic Instinct which enables n man to enter into the nature and feelings of other men and without statesmanship which there can be no rear creative Pope Leo Xin has seen a good deal In life besides the papal city ITo has I been papal nuncio at Brussels where he had the opportunity of conversing wilh slatosmen from all countries He visited Paris he visited London and was presented to Queen Victoria When ho became Pope he set about what he conceived to be lie wOk of the papacy I Just UM If nothing had happened to In torfere with KM progress lie resolved I apparently to make the papacy an fex ample to the Christian world Instead of I Wasting his strength and his influence influ-ence by trying to contend against the asalnst rhyslciil conditions which had left to tile Pope hut the Vatican and its gar dens as his worldly domain Of course he surrendered nothing of the claims of the papacy and ho refused as his predecessor had done to recognize the King of Italys title to the ownership of Rnn11 1 hn unnl JHI nt hl 1 t y I frI I I fr-I t1 Jpt4 Justin McCarthy Ills Holiness Is lie most accomplished diplomat and brainiest sovereign of mod ern times according to the worldfamous historian lustln McCarthy In a scholarly review of the High Pontiff the celebrated writer gives reasons so cogent that those who agree with him llnd themselves I aby forllilod with arguments while bis oppo nents will l lir nut L nn tlinlr trmfllo In iin I rnvr > rl lilu Inflc In fullle efforts to resist the physical mastery of the Jew conditions and he made it his task above all things to prove that the moral Influence of the papacy was not to be circumscribed by the limitations of the Popes earthly possessions I must be owned that during this time the progress made by United Italy has not altogether satin led the hopes of all those who rejoiced over the expulsion of the Austrians and the Bourbons and the abolition of the petty sovereignty and the union of Italy under ole crown Italy has her destiny des-tiny et to make but for the present we haw to see In her a country terribly ter-ribly overtaxed with n population crushed to an almost unexampled degree de-gree by the expenditure necessary to convert Italy into the semblance of a great European power Pope Leo has seemed to say to all the world My business In life is 1 tho welfare of humanity I art the apostle I of peace and universal brotherhood I offer my mediation as an agent of peace and of brotherhood in all quai rHs where the disputants arc willing to receive my counsel and my help He has had some hayd battles to fight however for all his sweet genial pacific pa-cific nature He has fought out his battles to the end where compromise did not seem possible and by his principle prin-ciple of passive resistance he has generally gen-erally contrived to come off victorious All the world looked on with interest while he battled for what he believed to bo tho cause of religious liberty against no less an antagonist than Prince Bismarck Bis-marck the greatest statesman then living on the European continent Bismarck Bis-marck had loudly proclaimed that whatever else ho and his colleagues might do they would not go to Ca nossa alluding to the famous castle where Henry IV 1 of Germany submitted to the penance Imposed on him by Gregory VII But though Bismarck certainly did not go to Canoasa he was undoubtedly not the victor in the great Kulturkampf 01 educational battle which was waged between him and Pope Leo I is perhaps only fair to fay that the heart of the old Emperor William Bismarcks master was never thoroughly with his great Minister In this attempt to make the authority pf the state overrule the dictates of private pri-vate conscience The arbitration of Pope Leo has been accepted more than once by disputing states which acknowledge no supremacy on the part of the Pope but that given him by tho Influence of his authority and his career ca-reer reerLoo has strongly recommended In several momentous Instances the recognition recog-nition of established facts In tho progress pro-gress of nations For example he recognized rec-ognized the French republic as the established es-tablished system In France and Srcd the whole force of his authority to Induce In-duce the French Catholics to accept the republican form of government and to I make the best of 11 JIo takes the clou est and moat active Interest In all Institutions In-stitutions in whatever country they I belong be-long which has alY thInS to do with the true organization of labor un d which tend to promote the education I the I mural Improvement tho personal Independence and the domestic comfort of the orklngman Ills was tlio first voice raised in cordial response to tho appeal of Ihe Czar for a conference of European nlales to bring about a cessation ces-sation In the Increase of armaments and Id establish some basis for inter i national arbitration and an end lo the j I alI The Pope has become so popular among certain influential classes of I English rrotoslnnlH that at ono tulle It seemed to many nOt altogether Impossible Im-possible that ole terms of compromise l mINe might be found between the Papacy Pa-pacy and the Established Church of England The Pope however could not compromise c Lord Halifax and his English colleagues could not venture to stretch their Ideas of compromise too fat and so the world went on revolving re-volving fore upon its own axis Just as be forePope Pope Leo watches with a close and attentive eye every movement political social and religious that takes place in America lie has the fullest and deepest sympathy with the peaceful progiess of the Republic and Is especially espe-cially proud of the position which civic equality and religious freedom has enabled en-abled Sis corellglonlsts to take in tho J United States Some of Pope Leos recent re-cent days have been occupied In the consideration of certain tendencies I which have been represented to him as mnking themselves apparent In American Catholicism lendencies which some of his advisers believed to Indicate a great form of religious Independence In-dependence not unlike that which is set down as Gallicism In Europe It is Impossible for any Impartial reader not to sympathize with the spirit which pervades the Popes encyclical issued In August 1SOS a protest against the extraordinary suppression of Catholic associations carried out by the Italian Government These suppressions it wH be remembered took place after the riots which had lately broken out throughout almost all Italy riots which impartial observers for the most part believed to have been caused by the pressure of famine the famine Itself coming in great measure from over Sreat taxation which the expenditure on army and navy had brought about The Ilalirn Government thought n toMe to-Me In these riots the evidence of a Papal conspiracy against the monarchy mon-archy and It therefore suppressed by wholesale decree more than 1COO Catholic Catho-lic associations which were for the mosl part purely social economical or religious In their objects I Is likely enough that the riots were at least in part promoted by republican social ists and anarchist agitators but as I everybody knows Pope Leo has always al-ways used his Influence for the discouragement dis-couragement of socialism and anarchism anar-chism In their various forms ann while he recognized the French Republic just as he recognized the American Repub lie and the Republic o Switzerland he can hardly be suspected of any designs for tho setting up of a republic in Italy I The Pope last year had a long strug She against death and seems to have taken a certain pride In the contest During his Illness he was not for a day discouraged He possessed a cheer ful faith that there was sllll work for him to do as IonS as Providence should see lit to retain him on the earth among living men His careful abstemious ab-stemious habits have of course had much to do with prolonging that phy sical vigor which enables him to con tinue so unrelaxing a worker at the age of 89 In conclusion I may say that Pope Leo XIII is the greatest pontiff seen on earth for many n century JUSTIN arCARTIlY l1 I P |