Show I I RARE COLLECTION OF RELICS FROM PREHISTORIC L f R B RUINS FORM SPLENDID NUCLEUS FOR UNIVERSITY MUSEUM M 1 a v i r s t 1 ya x n nn nr nr r q r J a av n v n 3 x t R s a Sa JF d roe 1 r 4 T w t 1 d K a aD D xh a ia fa t 5 a r rt d e C 1 R C b rat i l li t Y Cal i 34 y t i qi t r t 3 v x 7 t 3 S SI Sy SI I E y I Y 3 aN wS a s L a i x f F ot t a aN y yS yf N b S a t y 1 d 2 f r i a a aa f AP 1 t 9 1 9 tt ttY y t e 1 r Y N b J a S STop t X Top row left to right Cliff dwelling olla all a filled fill d with beans when found plain olla alIa set on pot mat taken from burial mound olla oils and shelled corn cola with which it was filled when found black and white bowl from Arizona cliff palace cracked coiled ware olla alIa bound with strips of yucca Bottom row left to right Blacck and white bowls ladles and bowls bowls and seed jars bars mugs and pitcher all excavated from ruins or found in deserted prehistoric dwellings on Alkali ridge BY NEIL M 1 is at the of ot i tah T THERE j the nucleus of an interesting and ex exceptionally valuable collection of ot archaeological material Under the lead leadership of ot Dean Byron Bron CummIngs four expeditions from the Utah VIah branch of ot tho the Archaeological Institute of America have been ben sent Into the desert lands of southern south southern ern em Utah and northern Arizona to study the remains of the prehistoric peoples who once Inhabited those isolated regions Each of these expeditions has bas been bean suc successful successful successful the tho material collected has be been n placed in the University museum and he be reports of the work have been mado made ready eady read for the public Southeastern Utah Is recognized the world over oer as the home of the Cliff Dwellers The remains of these people nave been collected and deposited in nearly learly all of the museums They rhey may be found in Berlin London Paris Rome Constantinople and a few ether ther European cities in America they ther are on exhibition in Los Angeles San Francisco Santa Fe Denver Dener St 51 Louis Louts Field Museum at Chicago Peabody Mu Museum Museum seum seam at Cambridge National Museum at Washington others at Philadelphia New NewYork NewYork NewYork York and lesser depositaries It was this thle robbing of the tho Utah field to supply other parts of the country that aroused Dean CummIngs and a few other educators to the need of a 8 local museum a place where the last of this material could be collected and find preserved l for the Utah to come Nucleus For Museum As a result of their unselfish efforts Is the beginning of this museum i It is still in an fin emb stage to be sure eure but the interior department has dur du during lug ing tho past year ear made it a national depositary de depositary giving it that official approval which will make its permanent existence exi teree possible Most of the material is from pueblo communal and ins of Utah yet there are fifty pieces of Panama pottery potter about one hundred from the Ohio valley and several sev severs ers eral specimens of Moqui and Hopi Hop pottery fr m central Arizona All An of these ma mu mabe mabe be best studied In their respective groups groups The ilie HopI Hop pottery potter IB is modern ware that s it Is made by Indians The Th group is for th the niost Brost part made up of howls bowls cups ups and pitchers One Olle small olla shadows the rest r st but it Is la a poor specimen specimen men in comparison with what the tribe is capable of producing All of the vessels would rank very low as household ads sils They The were made to sell to the tour not to be used by the natives them themselves themselves selves JES They Th are highly decorated like al all ware the decorations being in red brown and yellow In some somer r stances animals the he deer and antelope for tor example have hav been crudely painted in inthe inthe the th bowl but for the most part the deco are mada madi up of different combinations combinations of the curved or straight line Una This group roup forms one of the lesser le ser divisions of the tle museum Relics B this term is meant those articles manufactured by men In some epoch Ho lie is ig dis distinguished from neolithic man primarily i to bl his workmanship and the character of the thO Implements he made The earlier tools tech were roughly chipped from the first stone at hand the later articles were made of selected materials and usually polished The Th collection of these implements is mostly made up of knives arrow and spear spearheads heads scrapers hatchets and soapstone sinkers With these are a couple of ot ott earthenware t vessels and a 11 string of shell beads eads but while found in the lower Mis Mississippi valley alla they belong to a later pe period pt period than the accompanying These bits of ancient handiwork are arc un ungainly ungainly gainly creations Some of the knives were made of coarse granite or sandstone only oni the corners being chipped off leaving the Made lade nearly round with the weight we ht In Int inVie Vie fie t je middle In the hands of primitive man they undoubtedly answered their tb lr pur purpose purpose pose From the standpoint of uniqueness the pottery is in III a class by itself It Its Its s g entirely Entire different from all other earth t 4 pw ore vessels and is peculiar only to the isthmus The specimens are very frail fraU usually low and are so IiO symmetrical that one would be easily convinced that they otters wheel In the w wre ro made on a potters c are examples of or the famous lost color olor the tripod and d the a antor j tor ware The greater weater number of or the specimens are in their natural clay colI col eol colore ore orv but a few are a very dark red brown or the whitish yellow of the lost c color Small toads lizards or fish flab form the handles for most of the vessels eIS l The lens legs are usually low ho curved and hollow w with th small clay rattles showing through the Incisions in the sides These Thesa show an exceptionally high degree of civilization unusual skill on the part of or the makers and m a rare sense of the artistic They ro belong to a comparatively re recent recent recent cent epoch in the development of early earb ma may i Material The Utah material Is easily divided Into three classes that of the White Canyon district that of Alkali ridge and that from irom the region south of the San an Juan river From White canyon whore Pro Professor Professor fessor Cummings and his party part surveyed the three great reat natural bridges In 1907 1507 several ollas were secured Th These P were without exception much broken and partly lost ost but the general form Corm Is easily seen from the mended pots I tho the complete restoration of which Is de tie delayed layEl only larger er rooms Tooms are am lr secured s Two boards of oak were were also als brought back These had been cut c j and hewn with stone axes and thoroughly illustrate the patience the ancients an tents must h have hae e possessed A valuable collection of this same material was purchased from fromI Dr I r John Williams of Moab It is entirely f m Utah lItah and is a typical selection from the varieties of the various regions From the large communal dwelling on Alkali ridge In San Juan county were secured In I 1008 OS a large number of at black and white bowls mugs pitchers and four tour large atlas ollas Ceremonial vessels of rare beauty and the only whole cover to such Buch Buchan an article ever recovered were brought to Salt Lake from Irom this same district skeletons were uncovered but these remains have been sent to the Smithsonian Institution at Washington where statistics are being prepared con concerning concerning concerning the height and general size In one end of a 8 large house which had been destroyed by fire a quantity of burned corn was found Among this were several pieces of melted pottery and masses of vitrified adobe which had run down from the walls and floors above By far the largest and most Interest Interesting Interesting ing division of the thc whole museum Is composed com composed composed posed of that material brought bro back by bythe bythe bythe the expedition of last summer from the unmapped unexplored regions south of the San Juan river With the nearest rail rall road point over miles away with only the wildest of ot the Navajo Indians for com companions companions companions the party worked for three long hot months and were ware rewarded awarded warded with a collection that th t has aroused the envy of all eastern scientists have heard of it Untouched by Vandals and pottery hunters the ruins were found Just dust as they had bad been left lett so that firsthand could be made and original excavate i completed r Baskets of different shapes and s representing enting a p t were found in rooms beneath the floors f Continued Conti n on Page Twelve RARE COLLECTION Continued From Page One the cliff houses One of these has bas two less legs upon It and was evidently evl a head headpiece headpiece piece Most belonging to one of ot the clan claD priests Host Mort of ot the baskets are large but bot shallow low some coated c with mud and used over the fire others being employed at atthe atthe atthe the grinding stones or In this same line Une are burial mats and feather cloth robes coverings for tor the dead bodies bod etI es vessels for or the sacred meals and Implements ments monts of ot the cornfield which were to be used In the happy hunting bunting ground by the departed souls From the caves red and black blade and white ware were taken AH AU show a Q high degree of ot prehistoric tech technique The ethnologist will note with In ln Interest terest the fact tact that several pieces of this pottery are very similar to the and Hopi pottery of today From Prom the potholes in burial caves threshed grass seed aeed beans shelled corn cornand cornand cornand and squash seeds were takes taken tak I Sandals woven and braided medicine bags of cot col ent r 4 yucca yarn or human hair hm begs bags of r It cL u i deer skin or feather cloth all aU help to weave that mysterious unknown about this lost people Implements of an agri agricultural agricultural agricultural cultural nature seem eem to predominate Planting sticks of at selected weli worked d wood and hoes horn blades on wooden handles handles ar art are found In hi such auch abundance as to indicate that the cliff Id trailers were not nomadic Stone axes and war w clubs cl daggers da gers and knives of bone and d horn show snow that defensive weapons were necessary necessary sary Ear EarThe The cliff clift dwellers were fond of display Tassels of deer skin and the downy breast feathers of at the owl rabbit tails strung OB on yucca cords painted feathers and varicolored sandals are all aU evidence ot of an aesthetic taste Necklaces of shells shell and bone beads pendants of worked stone earrings of carved wood or stone are simply further evidence to support the theory The historical worth of the tho ma merits the labor but the real value i can be best understood only after a per personal pernal personal nal Inspection of ot the museum In all 1 there are over 2500 2600 specimens crowded together on a few little shelves In Dean Cummings small office at the University This belongs to the state and should be more adequately displayed in a place accessible to the general public pub o |